Exam 7: Learning

Which statement is NOT an essential feature of learning?

When the Brelands tried to teach pigs and raccoons to drop a coin into a box,the animals:

Students who do relatively little work until just before an upcoming exam and then engage in a burst of studying are displaying a response pattern similar to the one engendered by a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

In an experiment studying classical conditioning,a tone sounds and 5 seconds later a mild skin shock is delivered to a participant.The skin shock results in a stress response consisting of a temporary increase in heart rate.This process is repeated once every 5 minutes.After a number of trials,the participant demonstrates an elevated heart rate when the tone sounds and before the shock is actually delivered.Within the context of this example,what is the UR?

In a series of studies by Delgado and colleagues (2005),participants chose between receiving $1 or giving their partner $3.If given money,the partners could choose to split it with the participants or keep it.Prior to the study,participants read descriptions of their partners that described them as either trustworthy or untrustworthy.Delgado and colleagues found that participants based their decision to give money to their partners largely on:

Most people have little difficulty spotting grammatical errors but cannot articulate which rules of English grammar were violated.Knowing that a sentence is grammatically wrong but being unable to say why illustrates:

Secondary reinforcers acquire their value through classical conditioning.

The majority of human behaviour is maintained by secondary reinforcement.

According to B.F.Skinner,the BEST way to train a rat to press the bar in the Skinner box is to begin by:

Tolman proposed the three-term contingency.

Neurons that pass from the hypothalamus into the _____ are MOST susceptible to stimulation that produces pleasure.

Any stimulus or event that increases the probability of the behaviour that led to it is termed a(n):

Two-year-old children watched a human model using a tool either efficiently or inefficiently and then themselves interacted with the tool.Which statement is TRUE?

An experienced user who takes heroin in a new setting has an increased risk of overdose because:

Which statement accurately summarizes the results of studies comparing tool use in 2-year-old children and chimpanzees who both watched a human model using a tool either efficiently or inefficiently?

The conditioned stimulus in the Little Albert study initially was a white rat.

Dolphins are MOST likely trained to do amazing tricks through a process called:

In second-order conditioning,a neutral stimulus becomes a CS when it is repeatedly paired with a previously established CS.

Kylie recently moved into an apartment with a new roommate who watches cable news seemingly all day and all night.The television is always on and always turned to the news.At first,Kylie found the television distracting,but after a few weeks,she barely even notices that the TV is on.This example demonstrates the behavioural process of:

Research on reward prediction errors suggests that dopamine is involved in the _____ of a reward.