Question 1

Intersexual competition generally involves dominance or contest competition,whereas intrasexual selection involves mate selection through secondary sexual competition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Some animals are born as hermaphrodites,but unlike hermaphroditic plants,which can successfully self-pollinate,animal hermaphrodites are sterile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Adult green woodhoopoes will stay close to their natal territories and help raise the young of close relatives,rather than dispersing to produce their own young,because

Accepted Answer

A) the helpers increase their inclusive fitness. 
B) high quality territories with suitable roosting cavities are limited. 
C) the food supply varies year-to-year depending on the rainfall during the dry season. 
D) both the helpers increase their inclusive fitness and high quality territories with suitable roosting cavities are limited. 
E) both the helpers increase their inclusive fitness and the food supply varies year-to-year depending on the rainfall during the dry season. 
A) the helpers increase their inclusive fitness. 
B) high quality territories with suitable roosting cavities are limited. 
C) the food supply varies year-to-year depending on the rainfall during the dry season. 
D) both the helpers increase their inclusive fitness and high quality territories with suitable roosting cavities are limited. 
E) both the helpers increase their inclusive fitness and the food supply varies year-to-year depending on the rainfall during the dry season. D

Question 4

If a male scorpionfly (Panorpa latipennis)does not have a dead arthropod to present a potential mate as a nuptial offering,he can often substitute a _______________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a male scorpionfly (Panorpa latipennis)does not...

Question 5

Male scorpionflies use which of the following as nuptial offerings?

Accepted Answer

A) bower constructed from leaves and twigs 
B) dead arthropods 
C) decomposing berries 
D) fecal mass 
E) both dead arthropods and fecal mass 
A) bower constructed from leaves and twigs 
B) dead arthropods 
C) decomposing berries 
D) fecal mass 
E) both dead arthropods and fecal mass

Question 6

There is a _________________ correlation with the amount of rainfall and the reproductive success of the African green woodhoopoes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There is a _________________ correlation with the...

Question 7

Which of the following terms cannot be used to describe the African green Woodhoopoes?

Accepted Answer

A) inclusive fitness 
B) monogamous 
C) kin selection 
D) philopatry 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) inclusive fitness 
B) monogamous 
C) kin selection 
D) philopatry 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 8

Secondary sexual characteristics are often considered a handicap because of increased

Accepted Answer

A) predation. 
B) competition. 
C) parasitism. 
D) infertility. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) predation. 
B) competition. 
C) parasitism. 
D) infertility. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Research on eusociality suggests that the evolutionary driving force(s)to preserve this form of sociality is/are?

Accepted Answer

A) kin selection 
B) inclusive fitness 
C) environmental adaptation 
D) both kin selection and inclusive fitness 
E) kin selection,inclusive fitness,and environmental adaptation 
A) kin selection 
B) inclusive fitness 
C) environmental adaptation 
D) both kin selection and inclusive fitness 
E) kin selection,inclusive fitness,and environmental adaptation

Question 10

Thornhill's research on mate selection among scorpionflies (Panorpa latipennis)indicates that male ____________ translates into successful mating opportunities.

Accepted Answer

A) body size 
B) aggressiveness 
C) nuptial offering 
D) both body size and aggressiveness 
E) both body size,aggressiveness,and nuptial offering 
A) body size 
B) aggressiveness 
C) nuptial offering 
D) both body size and aggressiveness 
E) both body size,aggressiveness,and nuptial offering

Question 11

In which situation will a male lion have the greatest potential for mating?

Accepted Answer

A) single male 
B) coalition of four unrelated males 
C) coalition of two unrelated males 
D) coalition of eight unrelated males 
E) the chance of male lions mating is always the same 
A) single male 
B) coalition of four unrelated males 
C) coalition of two unrelated males 
D) coalition of eight unrelated males 
E) the chance of male lions mating is always the same

Question 12

How is the organization of a leaf cutter ant colony and a colony of naked mole rats similar?

Accepted Answer

A) individuals are divided among castes 
B) one female and a few males breed 
C) large workers specialize in defense 
D) individuals share a high degree of relatedness 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) individuals are divided among castes 
B) one female and a few males breed 
C) large workers specialize in defense 
D) individuals share a high degree of relatedness 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

Male guppies found in populations exposed to few predators are typically

Accepted Answer

A) highly camouflaged. 
B) the same color as guppies found with many predators. 
C) seen mating with brightly colored females. 
D) brightly colored. 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) highly camouflaged. 
B) the same color as guppies found with many predators. 
C) seen mating with brightly colored females. 
D) brightly colored. 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 14

Fitness is defined as the

Accepted Answer

A) health of an individual organism. 
B) ability of an organism to adapt to new environmental situations. 
C) quality of offspring produced. 
D) number of genes contributed by an individual to the next generation. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) health of an individual organism. 
B) ability of an organism to adapt to new environmental situations. 
C) quality of offspring produced. 
D) number of genes contributed by an individual to the next generation. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 15

The African green woodhoopoes tend to show philopatry because of limited availability of quality breeding territories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

An instance of ______________ occurs when the plumage of male birds becomes increasingly brighter over time.

Accepted Answer

A) contrasexual selection 
B) intrasexual selection 
C) intersexual selection 
D) multisexual selection 
E) dimorphic selection 
A) contrasexual selection 
B) intrasexual selection 
C) intersexual selection 
D) multisexual selection 
E) dimorphic selection

Question 17

When investigating haplodiploidy,all of the following statements were found to be true except:

Accepted Answer

A) siblings are more genetically related than an individual's own offspring. 
B) males have one set of chromosomes. 
C) kin selection is not implicated. 
D) males develop from unfertilized eggs. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) siblings are more genetically related than an individual's own offspring. 
B) males have one set of chromosomes. 
C) kin selection is not implicated. 
D) males develop from unfertilized eggs. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 18

Guppies live in the streams and rivers of Trinidad and Tobago.The abundance of predaceous fish is highly variable from the stream headwaters to the lowland rivers.This variation in the abundance of predaceous fish results in variation in male guppy _____________ from the stream headwaters to the lowland rivers.

Accepted Answer

A) mate selection 
B) coloration 
C) food selection 
D) both mate selection and coloration 
E) both mate selection and food selection 
A) mate selection 
B) coloration 
C) food selection 
D) both mate selection and coloration 
E) both mate selection and food selection

Question 19

Nonrandom mating,which suggests the potential for mate selection and sexual selection,is possible only for vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In comparing the leafcutter ant's (Atta sexdens)society and the naked mole rat's (Heterocephalus glaber)society,there are several similarities in their cooperative living situation.What is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A) development of castes 
B) one female 'queen' breeder per colony 
C) all workers are non-breeding females 
D) partitioned subterranean living quarters 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) development of castes 
B) one female 'queen' breeder per colony 
C) all workers are non-breeding females 
D) partitioned subterranean living quarters 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Exam 8: Social Relations

Intersexual competition generally involves dominance or contest competition,whereas intrasexual selection involves mate selection through secondary sexual competition.

Some animals are born as hermaphrodites,but unlike hermaphroditic plants,which can successfully self-pollinate,animal hermaphrodites are sterile.

Adult green woodhoopoes will stay close to their natal territories and help raise the young of close relatives,rather than dispersing to produce their own young,because

If a male scorpionfly (Panorpa latipennis)does not have a dead arthropod to present a potential mate as a nuptial offering,he can often substitute a _______________________.

Male scorpionflies use which of the following as nuptial offerings?

There is a _________________ correlation with the amount of rainfall and the reproductive success of the African green woodhoopoes.

Which of the following terms cannot be used to describe the African green Woodhoopoes?

Secondary sexual characteristics are often considered a handicap because of increased

Research on eusociality suggests that the evolutionary driving force(s)to preserve this form of sociality is/are?

Thornhill's research on mate selection among scorpionflies (Panorpa latipennis)indicates that male ____________ translates into successful mating opportunities.

In which situation will a male lion have the greatest potential for mating?

How is the organization of a leaf cutter ant colony and a colony of naked mole rats similar?

Male guppies found in populations exposed to few predators are typically

Fitness is defined as the

The African green woodhoopoes tend to show philopatry because of limited availability of quality breeding territories.

An instance of ______________ occurs when the plumage of male birds becomes increasingly brighter over time.

When investigating haplodiploidy,all of the following statements were found to be true except:

Nonrandom mating,which suggests the potential for mate selection and sexual selection,is possible only for vertebrates.

In comparing the leafcutter ant's (Atta sexdens)society and the naked mole rat's (Heterocephalus glaber)society,there are several similarities in their cooperative living situation.What is the exception?

Introduction to Ecology: Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Competition

Exploitative Interactions: Predation, herbivory, parasitism, and Disease

Mutualism

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

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