Exam 4: Learning and Memory

Which of the following is not a "person" factor for creating involvement with an advertisement?

An international marketing firm's promotion succeeded in one country, but failed miserably in another. A consultant rejected the difference in core values as the cause of the problem, and insisted that these differences were typically due to monetary exchange rates. The firm would be smart to accept the consultant's opinion.

Which of the following is an example of a tautology?

Barbara believes is not interested in earning over $75,000 per year as she feels that it is enough to satisfy basic material needs. Instead she is more interested in putting time into improving her community. Barbara's behaviour is indicative of a(n):

Research has indicated that basically everyone possesses the same motivation level.

Sarah will not perform public speaking. Whenever she is asked to do a presentation for her company she tells them she is sick and does not have the energy to perform it. Sarah's behaviour reflects the psychogenic need of autonomy.

When there is a gulf between a consumer's present state and some ideal state, this gulf creates a state of tension. The magnitude of this tension determines the urgency the consumer feels to reduce the tension. This degree of arousal is:

Maslow's theory basically states:

Those people who strongly value personal accomplishment are said to have a need for power.

Many "hippies" cherished a world of peace, a world of beauty, and inner harmony. These are examples of:

The means- end chain model assumes that very specific product attributes are linked at levels of increasing abstraction to terminal values.

What is the difference between a need and a want?

Most behaviour theories share the common belief that people have some finite amount of energy that must be directed towards goals.

Obviously, the quality of the running shoes and other specialized clothing Basil purchased for triathlon events was of great importance to him. After all, if they did not hold up during competition or prevented him from doing his best, he would suffer embarrassment as well as injured pride. Clearly products such as top- of- the- line running shoes are part of Basil's self- identity. This importance of a product to a consumer's self- concept is referred to as .

A is a belief that some condition is preferable to its opposite.

Chuck needs a snack; as usual he grabs the same kind of chocolate bar. He is exhibiting inertia.

Ryan and Jo were talking about which car was the better buy for their daily travel back and forth. Ryan wants the status of driving a Porsche while Jo says he thinks a Honda is a more practical choice. The particular form of consumption which would satisfy their needs is a/an:

Which of the following is a reason why the idea that instincts can explain an individual's motivation is not considered valid?

Marketing strategies are more effective when they influence the direction a consumer will take to satisfy a need rather than to create the need itself.

refers to the processes that cause people to behave as they do. It occurs when a need is aroused that the consumer wishes to satisfy.