Exam 7: Early Cognitive Foundations

Which type of learning best accounts for an infant's understanding that the changing table brings a clean diaper,that dad is a source of comfort,or that Aunt Sue is not a source of warmth?

Which statement best summarizes the nativist and empiricist views of the development of intermodal perception?

What does the process of perception refer to?

Ned has been throwing food at lunch,so his preschool teacher makes Ned sit in the time-out chair for three minutes.The teacher's response exemplifies which principle of operant conditioning?

Describe the long-term correlates of rapid habituation during early infancy.

The ability to perceive three-dimensional space improves over the first year.Describe the cues that infants use at each of the following ages: 1-3 months,3-5 months,and 6-7 months.

Suppose you allow an infant several minutes to "study" a complex pattern.Then you present a second face and assess whether the infant's heart rate changes when the second face appears.Which research method are you using?

Keith uses a specialized video camera to record the eye movements of infants aged 3 to 6 months old as they are shown a variety of stimuli.After determining how long the infants gaze at each stimulus,he reports that the infants prefer bright red circles to other colours or shapes.Based on this description,which research method is Keith using?

Why do grade-school children seem to learn more from social models than do younger children?

When can infants begin to perceive all the basic colours of the rainbow?

How do researchers collect information about infant perception using the preference method?

Pavlov is said to have trained a dog to salivate to the sound of a bell that rang just before food was delivered. -In this example,what is salivation to the sound of the bell?

Explain what counterconditioning is and describe how this process can be used to treat phobias.

Suppose that you studied very hard for a test and you score 100 percent.However,a few days later you are unable to answer questions about the same material.Which statement best accounts for this phenomenon,according to Domjan's criteria for learning?

What is the term for the process whereby the removal of a stimulus after a response increases the likelihood of the response occurring again?

Trace the development of intermodal perception over the first year of life.

Describe the visual capabilities of the full-term newborn infant.

Identify the three key components in the definition of learning according to Domjan.Provide an example to illustrate each point.

During what age range does otitis media strike children hardest?

You observe a newborn infant who begins to suck on a bottle filled with a flavoured solution.The infant coughs and spits the solution out.Which statement best describes the taste of the solution in the bottle?