Question 1

What would be the best slogan for Gibson's differentiation theory of perceptual learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Learn from your prior mistakes." 
B)  "The CS signals that the reflex is coming." 
C)  "Repeat the actions that have been reinforced." 
D)  "Notice the small details that make figures different." 
A)  "Learn from your prior mistakes." 
B)  "The CS signals that the reflex is coming." 
C)  "Repeat the actions that have been reinforced." 
D)  "Notice the small details that make figures different."

Question 2

How do recurring episodes of otitis media influence language and intellectual development?

Accepted Answer

A)  earlier language development but poorer overall academic performance. 
B)  earlier language development and enhanced overall academic performance. 
C)  delays in language development and poorer overall academic performance. 
D)  delays in language development but enhanced overall academic performance. 
A)  earlier language development but poorer overall academic performance. 
B)  earlier language development and enhanced overall academic performance. 
C)  delays in language development and poorer overall academic performance. 
D)  delays in language development but enhanced overall academic performance.

Question 3

Why might elementary-school children learn more than preschoolers from the observation of social models?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why might elementary-school children learn more than...

Question 4

Which theory of perception ascribes much importance to the person's general knowledge stored in memory schemas?

Accepted Answer

A)  differentiation 
B)  enrichment 
C)  empiricist 
D)  classical 
A)  differentiation 
B)  enrichment 
C)  empiricist 
D)  classical

Question 5

Which statement best characterizes the effects of punishment on a child's behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is more likely than reinforcement to result in permanent changes in behaviour. 
B)  It is always effective for controlling behaviour. 
C)  It always involves the teaching of appropriate behaviour. 
D)  It temporarily suppresses the behaviour it is intended to eliminate. 
A)  It is more likely than reinforcement to result in permanent changes in behaviour. 
B)  It is always effective for controlling behaviour. 
C)  It always involves the teaching of appropriate behaviour. 
D)  It temporarily suppresses the behaviour it is intended to eliminate.

Question 6

When is the earliest that classical conditioning has been demonstrated with infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  prenatally 
B)  in the first few days after birth with a limited number of responses and under optimal conditions 
C)  not until the end of the first year, because of the immaturity of the infant's information-processing system 
D)  only after age 2, when brain maturation is nearly complete 
A)  prenatally 
B)  in the first few days after birth with a limited number of responses and under optimal conditions 
C)  not until the end of the first year, because of the immaturity of the infant's information-processing system 
D)  only after age 2, when brain maturation is nearly complete

Question 7

Every time Erwin cried,his father would immediately pick him up and he would stop crying.Now Erwin is a real crybaby.In this case,what has his father's behaviour acted as with respect to Erwin's crying behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  a positive reinforcer 
B)  a conditioned stimulus 
C)  a negative reinforcer 
D)  an unconditioned stimulus 
A)  a positive reinforcer 
B)  a conditioned stimulus 
C)  a negative reinforcer 
D)  an unconditioned stimulus

Question 8

Which statement best summarizes the research findings of DeCasper and his associates regarding the auditory preferences of newborn infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  They prefer the sound of low-pitched male voices over the sound of high-pitched female voices. 
B)  They prefer the sound of their mother's voice over the voices of other women. 
C)  They prefer natural sounds (such as the ocean) over the sound of voices. 
D)  They prefer very low-amplitude sounds or silence over voices. 
A)  They prefer the sound of low-pitched male voices over the sound of high-pitched female voices. 
B)  They prefer the sound of their mother's voice over the voices of other women. 
C)  They prefer natural sounds (such as the ocean) over the sound of voices. 
D)  They prefer very low-amplitude sounds or silence over voices.

Question 9

Suppose that an infant habituates to a series of similar stimuli.Then a new stimulus is presented and the infant reacts with a startle response.What does the infant's response indicate regarding his or her perception of the new stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  The infant detects that the new stimulus is different. 
B)  The infant learns easily, but perception is more difficult. 
C)  The infant's evoked potentials have been activated. 
D)  The infant does not detect that the new stimulus is different. 
A)  The infant detects that the new stimulus is different. 
B)  The infant learns easily, but perception is more difficult. 
C)  The infant's evoked potentials have been activated. 
D)  The infant does not detect that the new stimulus is different.

Question 10

Which statement best characterizes the results of research regarding infant language perception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants cannot distinguish the sounds that make up their parents' languages until they begin to talk. 
B)  Infant perception of the sounds that make up languages is very similar to an adult's perception. 
C)  Infants actually lose the ability to distinguish some sounds as they acquire language. 
D)  Infants are much worse than adults at perceiving sounds that are not part of the language they hear spoken on a regular basis. 
A)  Infants cannot distinguish the sounds that make up their parents' languages until they begin to talk. 
B)  Infant perception of the sounds that make up languages is very similar to an adult's perception. 
C)  Infants actually lose the ability to distinguish some sounds as they acquire language. 
D)  Infants are much worse than adults at perceiving sounds that are not part of the language they hear spoken on a regular basis.

What would be the best slogan for Gibson's differentiation theory of perceptual learning?

How do recurring episodes of otitis media influence language and intellectual development?

Why might elementary-school children learn more than preschoolers from the observation of social models?

Which theory of perception ascribes much importance to the person's general knowledge stored in memory schemas?

Which statement best characterizes the effects of punishment on a child's behaviour?

When is the earliest that classical conditioning has been demonstrated with infants?

Every time Erwin cried,his father would immediately pick him up and he would stop crying.Now Erwin is a real crybaby.In this case,what has his father's behaviour acted as with respect to Erwin's crying behaviour?

Which statement best summarizes the research findings of DeCasper and his associates regarding the auditory preferences of newborn infants?

Suppose that an infant habituates to a series of similar stimuli.Then a new stimulus is presented and the infant reacts with a startle response.What does the infant's response indicate regarding his or her perception of the new stimulus?

Which statement best characterizes the results of research regarding infant language perception?

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Theories of Human Development

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborns Readiness for Life

Physical Development

Cognitive Development

Cognitive Development

Intelligence

Development of Language and Communication Skills

Emotional Development,temperament,and Attachment

Development of the Self and Social Cognition

Sex Differences and Similarities,gender-Role Development,and Sexual Behavior

Moral Development,altruism,and Aggression

The Family

Extrafamilial Influences

Filters

Exam 7: Early Cognitive Foundations

What would be the best slogan for Gibson's differentiation theory of perceptual learning?

How do recurring episodes of otitis media influence language and intellectual development?

Why might elementary-school children learn more than preschoolers from the observation of social models?

Which theory of perception ascribes much importance to the person's general knowledge stored in memory schemas?

Which statement best characterizes the effects of punishment on a child's behaviour?

When is the earliest that classical conditioning has been demonstrated with infants?

Every time Erwin cried,his father would immediately pick him up and he would stop crying.Now Erwin is a real crybaby.In this case,what has his father's behaviour acted as with respect to Erwin's crying behaviour?

Which statement best summarizes the research findings of DeCasper and his associates regarding the auditory preferences of newborn infants?

Suppose that an infant habituates to a series of similar stimuli.Then a new stimulus is presented and the infant reacts with a startle response.What does the infant's response indicate regarding his or her perception of the new stimulus?

Which statement best characterizes the results of research regarding infant language perception?

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Theories of Human Development

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborns Readiness for Life

Physical Development

Cognitive Development

Cognitive Development

Intelligence

Development of Language and Communication Skills

Emotional Development,temperament,and Attachment

Development of the Self and Social Cognition

Sex Differences and Similarities,gender-Role Development,and Sexual Behavior

Moral Development,altruism,and Aggression

The Family

Extrafamilial Influences

Filters