Question 1

Which of the following best describes why effective communication progresses during childhood?

Accepted Answer

A) It is due to the growth of vocabulary and cognitive skills. 
B) It is due to the growth of sociolinguistic understanding. 
C) It is due to the growth of cognitive skills and sociolinguistic understanding. 
D) It is due to advances in vocabulary and metalinguistic awareness. 
A) It is due to the growth of vocabulary and cognitive skills. 
B) It is due to the growth of sociolinguistic understanding. 
C) It is due to the growth of cognitive skills and sociolinguistic understanding. 
D) It is due to advances in vocabulary and metalinguistic awareness.

Question 2

Why are overextensions more common in toddlers' production of words than in their comprehension?

Accepted Answer

A) They are generally unable to combine words into grammatically correct sentences. 
B) They rely on a limited vocabulary when expressing themselves. 
C) They often fail to attend when parents provide proper labels for objects or events. 
D) They have not learned to consistently identify objects or events they encounter. 
A) They are generally unable to combine words into grammatically correct sentences. 
B) They rely on a limited vocabulary when expressing themselves. 
C) They often fail to attend when parents provide proper labels for objects or events. 
D) They have not learned to consistently identify objects or events they encounter.

Question 3

Some parents frequently expand, recast, or otherwise extend their children's speech while others rarely do so.What effect does the frequent use of expansions and recasts have on language acquisition?

Accepted Answer

A) no apparent effect on language acquisition 
B) inhibition of language acquisition 
C) earlier acquisition of syntactic principles 
D) facilitation of vocabulary acquisition, but not syntax 
A) no apparent effect on language acquisition 
B) inhibition of language acquisition 
C) earlier acquisition of syntactic principles 
D) facilitation of vocabulary acquisition, but not syntax

Question 4

Why do many psycholinguists refer to toddlers' speech as holophrastic?

Accepted Answer

A) The phrases children use are just words they have heard and do not convey any real message. 
B) The children are attempting to express elaborate ideas with only a single word. 
C) Early utterances are not meant to be communicative but only represent the child practising new vocabulary. 
D) Children at this age are capable of successful communication only through gestures and other nonverbal means. 
A) The phrases children use are just words they have heard and do not convey any real message. 
B) The children are attempting to express elaborate ideas with only a single word. 
C) Early utterances are not meant to be communicative but only represent the child practising new vocabulary. 
D) Children at this age are capable of successful communication only through gestures and other nonverbal means.

Question 5

List and describe four processing constraints that may guide children's inferences about the meaning of new words.

Accepted Answer

1. Contextual constraints: Children may

Question 6

Outline the nativist perspective of language development.

Accepted Answer

The nativist perspective of language dev

Question 7

Outline the typical pattern of acquisition for relational and spatial contrasts.

Accepted Answer

The typical pattern of acquisition for r

Question 8

List and describe the five categories that typically characterize a toddler's first 50 words, and provide examples of words that would belong in each category.

Accepted Answer

1. People and animals: Toddlers often st

Question 9

Which of the following is the best example of telegraphic speech?

Accepted Answer

A) "doggie is" 
B) "the doggie" 
C) "see doggie" 
D) "my doggie" 
A) "doggie is" 
B) "the doggie" 
C) "see doggie" 
D) "my doggie"

Question 10

Which theory of language development emphasizes the notions of sensitive periods and linguistic universals?

Accepted Answer

A) learning 
B) nativist 
C) interactionist 
D) empiricist 
A) learning 
B) nativist 
C) interactionist 
D) empiricist

Question 11

Which of the following would be most likely to appear in a 2-year-old's spontaneous conversation?

Accepted Answer

A) use of what, where, and who questions, because these all have concrete referents 
B) use of why, when, and how questions, because the referents are abstract 
C) use of all the wh- question words, but incorrectly 
D) little use of wh- question words at all at this age 
A) use of what, where, and who questions, because these all have concrete referents 
B) use of why, when, and how questions, because the referents are abstract 
C) use of all the wh- question words, but incorrectly 
D) little use of wh- question words at all at this age

Question 12

Outline the basics of the learning theory explanation of language development.Summarize its strengths and weaknesses.

Accepted Answer

Learning theories of language developmen

Question 13

Which of the following does not involve grammatical overregularization?

Accepted Answer

A) "I goed home." 
B) "I patted the sheeps at the petting zoo." 
C) "Daddy finded a cookie." 
D) "Doggie ate his water." 
A) "I goed home." 
B) "I patted the sheeps at the petting zoo." 
C) "Daddy finded a cookie." 
D) "Doggie ate his water."

Question 14

At what age do most typically developing infants begin to babble?

Accepted Answer

A) in the first few hours after they are born 
B) during the first month 
C) between the ages of 2 and 3 months 
D) between the ages of 4 and 6 months 
A) in the first few hours after they are born 
B) during the first month 
C) between the ages of 2 and 3 months 
D) between the ages of 4 and 6 months

Question 15

Describe the different responses parents can elicit from preverbal infants by using rising or falling intonations.

Accepted Answer

Parents can elicit different responses f

Question 16

Suppose that you are the director of a daycare program.Because you are concerned about providing a quality environment that optimizes language acquisition, what pointers would you give your staff?

Accepted Answer

(1) Spend some time each day in direct c

Question 17

Which of the following best describes an overextension of word meaning?

Accepted Answer

A) A child uses a general word to refer to a small range of objects or events. 
B) A child knows more than one word for the same object or event. 
C) A child attempts to describe an object or event that he or she has never seen. 
D) A child uses a word incorrectly to describe a wide variety of objects or events. 
A) A child uses a general word to refer to a small range of objects or events. 
B) A child knows more than one word for the same object or event. 
C) A child attempts to describe an object or event that he or she has never seen. 
D) A child uses a word incorrectly to describe a wide variety of objects or events.

Question 18

What is the general effect of linguistic interactions among siblings on the development of communication skills?

Accepted Answer

A) They enhance those of younger siblings but have little impact on those of the older siblings. 
B) They interfere with the development of those of the younger siblings. 
C) They interfere with those of the older siblings. 
D) They enhance those of both the older siblings and the younger siblings. 
A) They enhance those of younger siblings but have little impact on those of the older siblings. 
B) They interfere with the development of those of the younger siblings. 
C) They interfere with those of the older siblings. 
D) They enhance those of both the older siblings and the younger siblings.

Question 19

Jacque's 4-month-old daughter was upset and fussy, but after listening to her father talk to her for a few minutes she is now calm.Based on the results from Fernald's research, how did Jacque speak to her?

Accepted Answer

A) with short sentences that had a rising intonation 
B) with humming or soft cooing sounds 
C) with short sentences that had a falling intonation 
D) with an even voice, with little intonation or inflection 
A) with short sentences that had a rising intonation 
B) with humming or soft cooing sounds 
C) with short sentences that had a falling intonation 
D) with an even voice, with little intonation or inflection

Question 20

Annika and Max lived next door to one another.Each child was 5 years old.Each had a plastic toy tool kit that included a hammer, nails, screwdriver, wrench, nuts, bolts, and washers.Annika called Mark on the phone and asked him to bring over his tools-the red one and the blue one.What she wanted were some extra nuts and bolts.Instead, Max showed up with his red hammer and blue screwdriver.Explain the role each child played in the failed communication-Annika's failures as the speaker and Max's failures as the listener.What cognitive skills will develop and provide the basis for more effective communication?

Accepted Answer

Annika failed to monitor her own speech,

Which of the following best describes why effective communication progresses during childhood?

Why are overextensions more common in toddlers' production of words than in their comprehension?

Some parents frequently expand, recast, or otherwise extend their children's speech while others rarely do so.What effect does the frequent use of expansions and recasts have on language acquisition?

Why do many psycholinguists refer to toddlers' speech as holophrastic?

List and describe four processing constraints that may guide children's inferences about the meaning of new words.

Outline the nativist perspective of language development.

Outline the typical pattern of acquisition for relational and spatial contrasts.

List and describe the five categories that typically characterize a toddler's first 50 words, and provide examples of words that would belong in each category.

Which of the following is the best example of telegraphic speech?

Which theory of language development emphasizes the notions of sensitive periods and linguistic universals?

Which of the following would be most likely to appear in a 2-year-old's spontaneous conversation?

Outline the basics of the learning theory explanation of language development.Summarize its strengths and weaknesses.

Which of the following does not involve grammatical overregularization?

At what age do most typically developing infants begin to babble?

Describe the different responses parents can elicit from preverbal infants by using rising or falling intonations.

Suppose that you are the director of a daycare program.Because you are concerned about providing a quality environment that optimizes language acquisition, what pointers would you give your staff?

Which of the following best describes an overextension of word meaning?

What is the general effect of linguistic interactions among siblings on the development of communication skills?

Jacque's 4-month-old daughter was upset and fussy, but after listening to her father talk to her for a few minutes she is now calm.Based on the results from Fernald's research, how did Jacque speak to her?

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Theories of Human Development

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborns Readiness for Life

Physical Development: the Brain, Body, Motor Skills, and the Beginnings of Sexual Development

Early Cognitive Foundations: Sensation, Perception, and Learning

Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory, Cases Neo-Piagetian Theory, and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives and Connectionism

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Development of the Self and Social Cognition

Sex Differences and Similarities, and Gender-Role Development

Moral Development and Aggression

The Family

Beyond the Family Context: Peers, Schools, and Media Technologies

Filters

Exam 11: Development of Language and Communication Skills

Which of the following best describes why effective communication progresses during childhood?

Why are overextensions more common in toddlers' production of words than in their comprehension?

Some parents frequently expand, recast, or otherwise extend their children's speech while others rarely do so.What effect does the frequent use of expansions and recasts have on language acquisition?

Why do many psycholinguists refer to toddlers' speech as holophrastic?

List and describe four processing constraints that may guide children's inferences about the meaning of new words.

Outline the nativist perspective of language development.

Outline the typical pattern of acquisition for relational and spatial contrasts.

List and describe the five categories that typically characterize a toddler's first 50 words, and provide examples of words that would belong in each category.

Which of the following is the best example of telegraphic speech?

Which theory of language development emphasizes the notions of sensitive periods and linguistic universals?

Which of the following would be most likely to appear in a 2-year-old's spontaneous conversation?

Outline the basics of the learning theory explanation of language development.Summarize its strengths and weaknesses.

Which of the following does not involve grammatical overregularization?

At what age do most typically developing infants begin to babble?

Describe the different responses parents can elicit from preverbal infants by using rising or falling intonations.

Suppose that you are the director of a daycare program.Because you are concerned about providing a quality environment that optimizes language acquisition, what pointers would you give your staff?

Which of the following best describes an overextension of word meaning?

What is the general effect of linguistic interactions among siblings on the development of communication skills?

Jacque's 4-month-old daughter was upset and fussy, but after listening to her father talk to her for a few minutes she is now calm.Based on the results from Fernald's research, how did Jacque speak to her?

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Theories of Human Development

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborns Readiness for Life

Physical Development: the Brain, Body, Motor Skills, and the Beginnings of Sexual Development

Early Cognitive Foundations: Sensation, Perception, and Learning

Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory, Cases Neo-Piagetian Theory, and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives and Connectionism

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Development of the Self and Social Cognition

Sex Differences and Similarities, and Gender-Role Development

Moral Development and Aggression

The Family

Beyond the Family Context: Peers, Schools, and Media Technologies

Filters