Question 1

The _______ of spinal reflexes can be modulated by descending projections from the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibition or facilitation 
B)  inhibition, but not the facilitation 
C)  facilitation, but not the inhibition 
D)  None of the above; spinal reflexes are not modulated by the brain. 
A)  inhibition or facilitation 
B)  inhibition, but not the facilitation 
C)  facilitation, but not the inhibition 
D)  None of the above; spinal reflexes are not modulated by the brain.

Question 2

The basal ganglia play a role in determining the _______ and direction of movement.

Accepted Answer

A)  amplitude 
B)  duration 
C)  initiation 
D)  termination 
A)  amplitude 
B)  duration 
C)  initiation 
D)  termination

Question 3

Matching
-Parkinson's disease _____

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle structure 
B)  Primary motor cortex 
C)  Motor neurons 
D)  Cerebellum 
E)  Acetylcholine receptors
F) Substantia nigra
G) Spinal cord
H) Striatum 
A)  Muscle structure 
B)  Primary motor cortex 
C)  Motor neurons 
D)  Cerebellum 
E)  Acetylcholine receptors
F) Substantia nigra
G) Spinal cord
H) Striatum

Question 4

What is the relationship between feedback from movement and a motor program?

Accepted Answer

A)  Feedback does little to change a motor program. 
B)  Feedback may inform a motor program about how the execution of a movement is unfolding. 
C)  Feedback affects only intrinsically organized motor programs. 
D)  Feedback provides only coarse modulation of a motor program. 
A)  Feedback does little to change a motor program. 
B)  Feedback may inform a motor program about how the execution of a movement is unfolding. 
C)  Feedback affects only intrinsically organized motor programs. 
D)  Feedback provides only coarse modulation of a motor program.

Question 5

Matching
-Huntington's disease _____

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle structure 
B)  Primary motor cortex 
C)  Motor neurons 
D)  Cerebellum 
E)  Acetylcholine receptors
F) Substantia nigra
G) Spinal cord
H) Striatum 
A)  Muscle structure 
B)  Primary motor cortex 
C)  Motor neurons 
D)  Cerebellum 
E)  Acetylcholine receptors
F) Substantia nigra
G) Spinal cord
H) Striatum

Question 6

Nonprimary motor areas are especially active

Accepted Answer

A)  following the execution of reflexes. 
B)  while rehearsing a movement without executing it. 
C)  following the completion of learned movements. 
D)  when learning to move a robotic arm. 
A)  following the execution of reflexes. 
B)  while rehearsing a movement without executing it. 
C)  following the completion of learned movements. 
D)  when learning to move a robotic arm.

Question 7

Which statement about open-loop control systems is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are not modulated by sensory feedback. 
B)  Activity is preprogrammed. 
C)  They are needed in systems that must respond very rapidly. 
D)  The control signal occurs after error is detected. 
A)  They are not modulated by sensory feedback. 
B)  Activity is preprogrammed. 
C)  They are needed in systems that must respond very rapidly. 
D)  The control signal occurs after error is detected.

Question 8

Cerebellar activity is correlated with activity of _______, whereas basal ganglia activity is associated with activity of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  M1; premotor cortex 
B)  premotor cortex; the SMA 
C)  the SMA; M1 
D)  premotor cortex; somatosensory cortex 
A)  M1; premotor cortex 
B)  premotor cortex; the SMA 
C)  the SMA; M1 
D)  premotor cortex; somatosensory cortex

Question 9

Patients afflicted with Huntington's disease show expanded series of trinucleotide repeats in the _______ gene.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Patients afflicted with Huntington's disease show expanded...

Question 10

Describe the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Discuss the neurochemical basis for motor deficits in Parkinson's and where in the brain these deficits occur.

Accepted Answer

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerati

Question 11

What are spinal reflexes? Describe two examples.

Accepted Answer

Spinal reflexes are automatic, involunta

Question 12

Alzheimer's, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and Parkinson's are similar in that all three

Accepted Answer

A)  cause schizophrenia-like symptoms. 
B)  are associated with a buildup of misfolded proteins. 
C)  result in brain degeneration that produces a spongy brain. 
D)  are caused by F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-synuclein fibrils. 
A)  cause schizophrenia-like symptoms. 
B)  are associated with a buildup of misfolded proteins. 
C)  result in brain degeneration that produces a spongy brain. 
D)  are caused by F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-synuclein fibrils.

Question 13

The muscle fibers found within muscle spindles are called _______ fibers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The muscle fibers found within muscle spindles...

Question 14

Explain the molecular physiology of contraction, including how it is stimulated, in muscle fibers, and name a disorder that disrupts this process and the component that is disrupted.

Accepted Answer

Each muscle fiber is innervated by only

Question 15

Muscles that act together are called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Muscles that act together are called _______....

Question 16

Motor neurons of the brain and spinal cord degenerate in _______.

Accepted Answer

ALS (or am

Question 17

A primary symptom of cerebellar pathology is

Accepted Answer

A)  ataxic gait. 
B)  paralysis. 
C)  sudden jerking movements of the limbs. 
D)  choreic movements. 
A)  ataxic gait. 
B)  paralysis. 
C)  sudden jerking movements of the limbs. 
D)  choreic movements.

Question 18

Work with transgenic mice has suggested that the _______ gene plays a role in ALS.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Work with transgenic mice has suggested that...

Question 19

Alcoholic patients may have damage to the _______, which results in ataxic gait.

Accepted Answer

A)  corpus striatum 
B)  pyramidal system 
C)  ventral horns 
D)  cerebellum 
A)  corpus striatum 
B)  pyramidal system 
C)  ventral horns 
D)  cerebellum

Question 20

Muscle spindle tension is regulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary endings. 
B)  gamma efferents. 
C)  alpha motoneurons. 
D)  muscle size. 
A)  secondary endings. 
B)  gamma efferents. 
C)  alpha motoneurons. 
D)  muscle size.

The _______ of spinal reflexes can be modulated by descending projections from the brain.

The basal ganglia play a role in determining the _______ and direction of movement.

Matching -Parkinson's disease _____

What is the relationship between feedback from movement and a motor program?

Matching -Huntington's disease _____

Nonprimary motor areas are especially active

Which statement about open-loop control systems is false?

Cerebellar activity is correlated with activity of _, whereas basal ganglia activity is associated with activity of _.

Patients afflicted with Huntington's disease show expanded series of trinucleotide repeats in the _______ gene.

Describe the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Discuss the neurochemical basis for motor deficits in Parkinson's and where in the brain these deficits occur.

What are spinal reflexes? Describe two examples.

Alzheimer's, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and Parkinson's are similar in that all three

The muscle fibers found within muscle spindles are called _______ fibers.

Explain the molecular physiology of contraction, including how it is stimulated, in muscle fibers, and name a disorder that disrupts this process and the component that is disrupted.

Muscles that act together are called _______.

Motor neurons of the brain and spinal cord degenerate in _______.

A primary symptom of cerebellar pathology is

Work with transgenic mice has suggested that the _______ gene plays a role in ALS.

Alcoholic patients may have damage to the _______, which results in ataxic gait.

Muscle spindle tension is regulated by

Behavioral Neuroscience Scope and Outlook

Functional Neuroanatomy: The Cells and Structures of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Generation, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals

The Chemistry of Behavior: Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacology

Hormones and the Brain

Evolution of the Brain and Behavior

Life-Span Development of the Brain and Behavior

General Principles of Sensory Processing, Touch, and Pain

Hearing, Balance, Taste, and Smell

Vision: From Eye to Brain

Sex: Evolutionary, Hormonal, and Neural Bases

Homeostasis: Active Regulation of the Internal Environment

Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and Dreaming

Emotions, Aggression, and Stress

Psychopathology: Biological Basis of Behavioral Disorders

Learning and Memory

Attention and Higher Cognition

Language and Lateralization

Filters

Exam 11: Motor Control and Plasticity

The _______ of spinal reflexes can be modulated by descending projections from the brain.

The basal ganglia play a role in determining the _______ and direction of movement.

Matching -Parkinson's disease _____

What is the relationship between feedback from movement and a motor program?

Matching -Huntington's disease _____

Nonprimary motor areas are especially active

Which statement about open-loop control systems is false?

Cerebellar activity is correlated with activity of _______, whereas basal ganglia activity is associated with activity of _______.

Patients afflicted with Huntington's disease show expanded series of trinucleotide repeats in the _______ gene.

Describe the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Discuss the neurochemical basis for motor deficits in Parkinson's and where in the brain these deficits occur.

What are spinal reflexes? Describe two examples.

Alzheimer's, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and Parkinson's are similar in that all three

The muscle fibers found within muscle spindles are called _______ fibers.

Explain the molecular physiology of contraction, including how it is stimulated, in muscle fibers, and name a disorder that disrupts this process and the component that is disrupted.

Muscles that act together are called _______.

Motor neurons of the brain and spinal cord degenerate in _______.

A primary symptom of cerebellar pathology is

Work with transgenic mice has suggested that the _______ gene plays a role in ALS.

Alcoholic patients may have damage to the _______, which results in ataxic gait.

Muscle spindle tension is regulated by

Behavioral Neuroscience Scope and Outlook

Functional Neuroanatomy: The Cells and Structures of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Generation, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals

The Chemistry of Behavior: Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacology

Hormones and the Brain

Evolution of the Brain and Behavior

Life-Span Development of the Brain and Behavior

General Principles of Sensory Processing, Touch, and Pain

Hearing, Balance, Taste, and Smell

Vision: From Eye to Brain

Sex: Evolutionary, Hormonal, and Neural Bases

Homeostasis: Active Regulation of the Internal Environment

Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and Dreaming

Emotions, Aggression, and Stress

Psychopathology: Biological Basis of Behavioral Disorders

Learning and Memory

Attention and Higher Cognition

Language and Lateralization

Filters

Cerebellar activity is correlated with activity of _, whereas basal ganglia activity is associated with activity of _.