Exam 30: Appendix

The proteome is much more complicated than the genome, not only because of RNA splicing, proteolytic processing, post-translational modifications, conformational variants, and other protein variants that the authors mention, but also because of

Given that a neuron can have as many as 50,000 dendrites and spines, all of which are potential synaptic inputs from neighboring neurons, and that neurons can be either activated, resting or inhibited (3 different discrete states), how many possible combinations are there to predict whether a fusiform face neuron is active?

What is one major obstacle that using the transcriptome (single-cell transcriptomics) would present in classifying neurons?

None of the cells in the retina proper are myelinated. One type of these cells, however, does transition from a nonmyelinated state to a myelinated one. Which cells are these?

When a neuron is said to "respond vigorously with a burst of action potentials," this means that the action potentials

When the patient was shown a picture of someone they recognized, a single hippocampal neuron fired

Because baby-boomers are currently approaching retirement age, making the elderly population nearly double every 10 years, what is one disease whose cure, management, or slowing of its progress is particularly urgent?

Memory is required for a conscious act to occur. Propose an explanation for how a memory might cause a conscious act to be implemented.

In the context of conscious control, when we speak of a neuronal discharge pattern in a discrete ensemble of neurons, what are we referring to?

What is one of the principle ways in which astrocytes hinder the regeneration of injured axons?

To study the cellular basis of consciousness, what kind of technologies would most likely enable evaluation of the activities of several cells simultaneously?

Some of the most profound scientific breakthroughs in the understanding of disease occurred because of

Propose one kind of experiment that might be done to corroborate and support the single-neuron monitoring experiment done in a hippocampal neuron when participants were presented with a visual stimulus.

If an ion channel is composed of five different sub-units, and assume no RNA splicing or any other kind of processing occurs, how many different genes are required to express and target this channel to its proper location within the cell?

The authors propose that shortly after a CNS injury, astrocytes can be allowed to perform their protective function and then converted to neurons, so as to avoid the formers' harmful effects that would hinder the healing process. What is the first thing that must be known before this kind of therapy can happen?

The signal derived in fMRI is based on neurons'

What group of cells are responsible for remembering and recognizing faces?

The _______ in the brain is most affected rhythmically by the rhythms of other structures.