Question 1

Awareness of one's gender is one aspect of

Accepted Answer

A)  self-knowledge. 
B)  self-evaluation. 
C)  self-regulation. 
D)  self-esteem. 
A)  self-knowledge. 
B)  self-evaluation. 
C)  self-regulation. 
D)  self-esteem.

Question 2

By late in the second year of life, infants indicate an awareness of self

Accepted Answer

A)  through the use of pronouns such as "you" and "yours." 
B)  by touching a mark on their face when they see their image in a mirror. 
C)  by waiting quietly for attention. 
D)  by the ability to identify others by name. 
A)  through the use of pronouns such as "you" and "yours." 
B)  by touching a mark on their face when they see their image in a mirror. 
C)  by waiting quietly for attention. 
D)  by the ability to identify others by name.

Question 3

The most common method of assessing children's self-esteem involves

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothetical dilemmas. 
B)  parent and teacher ratings. 
C)  questionnaires. 
D)  draw-a-person tests. 
A)  hypothetical dilemmas. 
B)  parent and teacher ratings. 
C)  questionnaires. 
D)  draw-a-person tests.

Question 4

Baby Deirdre has caught on to the fact that by crying, she can actually make her mother come to her crib. This realization that she herself can be the cause of events in her world is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  personal belief. 
B)  personal value. 
C)  self-efficacy. 
D)  personal agency. 
A)  personal belief. 
B)  personal value. 
C)  self-efficacy. 
D)  personal agency.

Question 5

Susan Harter has devised a way to assess children's self-worth through

Accepted Answer

A)  dilemmas. 
B)  parent and teacher ratings. 
C)  clinical interviews. 
D)  questionnaires. 
A)  dilemmas. 
B)  parent and teacher ratings. 
C)  clinical interviews. 
D)  questionnaires.

Question 6

When asked to describe himself, Bobby replied, "I go to school. I like turtles. I have a dog named Fred. You want to see him?" How old is Bobby MOST likely to be?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 years old 
B)  7 years old 
C)  10 years old 
D)  12 years old 
A)  4 years old 
B)  7 years old 
C)  10 years old 
D)  12 years old

Question 7

Susan's father was continuously warm and supportive as she progressed from junior high school through high school. Susan is likely to have

Accepted Answer

A)  difficulty with school success. 
B)  more trouble than her brother in school. 
C)  less difficulty than her siblings. 
D)  high academic self-concept. 
A)  difficulty with school success. 
B)  more trouble than her brother in school. 
C)  less difficulty than her siblings. 
D)  high academic self-concept.

Question 8

Which of the following is true concerning children's social comparisons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Younger children use social comparison as a way to evaluate their own competence, while older children use it as a way to make friends. 
B)  As children grow older, they become less likely to make social comparisons. 
C)  As children move through the elementary grades, their social comparisons are less likely to involve academic performance. 
D)  Whether children become more or less likely to engage in social comparison depends on their self-image. 
A)  Younger children use social comparison as a way to evaluate their own competence, while older children use it as a way to make friends. 
B)  As children grow older, they become less likely to make social comparisons. 
C)  As children move through the elementary grades, their social comparisons are less likely to involve academic performance. 
D)  Whether children become more or less likely to engage in social comparison depends on their self-image.

Question 9

The research of Carol Dweck focuses on

Accepted Answer

A)  motivational patterns. 
B)  the looking-glass self. 
C)  social comparison. 
D)  self-esteem. 
A)  motivational patterns. 
B)  the looking-glass self. 
C)  social comparison. 
D)  self-esteem.

Question 10

Berry (2007) argues that integration is associated with the best adaptation outcome for immigrant youth. Integration involves

Accepted Answer

A)  maintaining a positive ethnic and Canadian identity. 
B)  being able to converse in one's ethnic language and that of the majority culture. 
C)  developing friends from both cultures. 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct. 
A)  maintaining a positive ethnic and Canadian identity. 
B)  being able to converse in one's ethnic language and that of the majority culture. 
C)  developing friends from both cultures. 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct.

Question 11

Synchronic imitation involves

Accepted Answer

A)  a live video of an adult mimicking another's behaviour. 
B)  viewing a live video of oneself. 
C)  preverbal peers playing with similar toys in a similar fashion. 
D)  None of the alternatives are correct. 
A)  a live video of an adult mimicking another's behaviour. 
B)  viewing a live video of oneself. 
C)  preverbal peers playing with similar toys in a similar fashion. 
D)  None of the alternatives are correct.

Question 12

Children who have high self-worth scores

Accepted Answer

A)  rate themselves as competent in all areas. 
B)  rate themselves as competent in areas that matter to them. 
C)  tend to believe others do not think highly of them. 
D)  may still have low global self-evaluation. 
A)  rate themselves as competent in all areas. 
B)  rate themselves as competent in areas that matter to them. 
C)  tend to believe others do not think highly of them. 
D)  may still have low global self-evaluation.

Question 13

Sally believes that a person's intelligence can grow from experience and learning. According to Dweck, Sally holds an ________ model of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  entity 
B)  incremental 
C)  ability 
D)  effort 
A)  entity 
B)  incremental 
C)  ability 
D)  effort

Question 14

Kayla believes that her inner thoughts can be seen by her parents. According to Selman's model on self-awareness, it is most likely that she is at Level _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  0 (Infancy) 
B)  1 (Early Childhood) 
C)  2 (Middle Childhood) 
D)  3 (Preadolescence) 
A)  0 (Infancy) 
B)  1 (Early Childhood) 
C)  2 (Middle Childhood) 
D)  3 (Preadolescence)

Question 15

Three-month-old infants were seated in an apparatus in which they could see live images of their legs transmitted on two TV monitors in front of them. Different images-sometimes reversed and sometimes upside down-were presented on each monitor. Which statement is TRUE regarding this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  The variable that the researchers were interested in was heart rate. 
B)  The babies' looking responses indicated that they knew when the timing of their leg movements did not match what was on the screen. 
C)  The babies did not react when the direction of the leg movements that they viewed did not match their leg movements. 
D)  The babies looked longer when they moved their legs but saw their arms on the screen. 
A)  The variable that the researchers were interested in was heart rate. 
B)  The babies' looking responses indicated that they knew when the timing of their leg movements did not match what was on the screen. 
C)  The babies did not react when the direction of the leg movements that they viewed did not match their leg movements. 
D)  The babies looked longer when they moved their legs but saw their arms on the screen.

Question 16

When asked to describe herself, Cindy responded that she was a sister, fairly smart, usually fairly even tempered, and reasonably attractive. This description was based on Cindy's

Accepted Answer

A)  existential self. 
B)  categorical self. 
C)  subjective self. 
D)  agentic self. 
A)  existential self. 
B)  categorical self. 
C)  subjective self. 
D)  agentic self.

Question 17

Maltreated infants and children differ from their age-mates in all EXCEPT which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are less securely attached. 
B)  They display less evidence of self-recognition. 
C)  They respond more negatively to their mirror reflections. 
D)  They are more likely to be able to describe their feelings. 
A)  They are less securely attached. 
B)  They display less evidence of self-recognition. 
C)  They respond more negatively to their mirror reflections. 
D)  They are more likely to be able to describe their feelings.

Question 18

When describing herself, Lise says, "Well, I'm pretty quiet in the classroom and I don't put my hand up much. But when I'm at the mall with my friends, I'm a lot louder!" Based on this self-description, we could conclude that Lise is likely

Accepted Answer

A)  9 years old. 
B)  10 years old. 
C)  13 years old. 
D)  15 years old. 
A)  9 years old. 
B)  10 years old. 
C)  13 years old. 
D)  15 years old.

Question 19

A unique aspect of the adolescent's awareness of self, according to Selman's model, is

Accepted Answer

A)  the inability to distinguish between physical behaviour and emotional feelings. 
B)  the recognition that one is responsible for making conscious all aspects of the self. 
C)  the ability to recognize that parts of the self can be hidden from others. 
D)  the belief that the self cannot ever be completely known. 
A)  the inability to distinguish between physical behaviour and emotional feelings. 
B)  the recognition that one is responsible for making conscious all aspects of the self. 
C)  the ability to recognize that parts of the self can be hidden from others. 
D)  the belief that the self cannot ever be completely known.

Question 20

The Self-Perception Profile for Children includes items that ask children to rate how they believe others feel about them. Such items assess

Accepted Answer

A)  self-efficacy. 
B)  false-self behaviour. 
C)  the looking glass self. 
D)  possible selves. 
A)  self-efficacy. 
B)  false-self behaviour. 
C)  the looking glass self. 
D)  possible selves.

Awareness of one's gender is one aspect of

By late in the second year of life, infants indicate an awareness of self

The most common method of assessing children's self-esteem involves

Baby Deirdre has caught on to the fact that by crying, she can actually make her mother come to her crib. This realization that she herself can be the cause of events in her world is referred to as

Susan Harter has devised a way to assess children's self-worth through

When asked to describe himself, Bobby replied, "I go to school. I like turtles. I have a dog named Fred. You want to see him?" How old is Bobby MOST likely to be?

Susan's father was continuously warm and supportive as she progressed from junior high school through high school. Susan is likely to have

Which of the following is true concerning children's social comparisons?

The research of Carol Dweck focuses on

Berry (2007) argues that integration is associated with the best adaptation outcome for immigrant youth. Integration involves

Synchronic imitation involves

Children who have high self-worth scores

Sally believes that a person's intelligence can grow from experience and learning. According to Dweck, Sally holds an ________ model of intelligence.

Kayla believes that her inner thoughts can be seen by her parents. According to Selman's model on self-awareness, it is most likely that she is at Level _____.

Three-month-old infants were seated in an apparatus in which they could see live images of their legs transmitted on two TV monitors in front of them. Different images-sometimes reversed and sometimes upside down-were presented on each monitor. Which statement is TRUE regarding this study?

When asked to describe herself, Cindy responded that she was a sister, fairly smart, usually fairly even tempered, and reasonably attractive. This description was based on Cindy's

Maltreated infants and children differ from their age-mates in all EXCEPT which of the following ways?

When describing herself, Lise says, "Well, I'm pretty quiet in the classroom and I don't put my hand up much. But when I'm at the mall with my friends, I'm a lot louder!" Based on this self-description, we could conclude that Lise is likely

A unique aspect of the adolescent's awareness of self, according to Selman's model, is

The Self-Perception Profile for Children includes items that ask children to rate how they believe others feel about them. Such items assess

Background and Theories

Research Methods

Genetics: The Biological Context of Development

Prenatal Development

Physical Development: Birth, Motor Skills, and Growth

Neural and Brain Development

Language Development

Sensory and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagetian and Vygotskian Approaches

Cognitive Development: The Information-Processing Approach

Intelligence and Schooling

Early Social and Emotional Development

Moral Development

Families and Peers

Gender-Role Development and Sex Differences

Filters

Exam 13: Development of the Self

Awareness of one's gender is one aspect of

By late in the second year of life, infants indicate an awareness of self

The most common method of assessing children's self-esteem involves

Baby Deirdre has caught on to the fact that by crying, she can actually make her mother come to her crib. This realization that she herself can be the cause of events in her world is referred to as

Susan Harter has devised a way to assess children's self-worth through

When asked to describe himself, Bobby replied, "I go to school. I like turtles. I have a dog named Fred. You want to see him?" How old is Bobby MOST likely to be?

Susan's father was continuously warm and supportive as she progressed from junior high school through high school. Susan is likely to have

Which of the following is true concerning children's social comparisons?

The research of Carol Dweck focuses on

Berry (2007) argues that integration is associated with the best adaptation outcome for immigrant youth. Integration involves

Synchronic imitation involves

Children who have high self-worth scores

Sally believes that a person's intelligence can grow from experience and learning. According to Dweck, Sally holds an ________ model of intelligence.

Kayla believes that her inner thoughts can be seen by her parents. According to Selman's model on self-awareness, it is most likely that she is at Level _____.

Three-month-old infants were seated in an apparatus in which they could see live images of their legs transmitted on two TV monitors in front of them. Different images-sometimes reversed and sometimes upside down-were presented on each monitor. Which statement is TRUE regarding this study?

When asked to describe herself, Cindy responded that she was a sister, fairly smart, usually fairly even tempered, and reasonably attractive. This description was based on Cindy's

Maltreated infants and children differ from their age-mates in all EXCEPT which of the following ways?

When describing herself, Lise says, "Well, I'm pretty quiet in the classroom and I don't put my hand up much. But when I'm at the mall with my friends, I'm a lot louder!" Based on this self-description, we could conclude that Lise is likely

A unique aspect of the adolescent's awareness of self, according to Selman's model, is

The Self-Perception Profile for Children includes items that ask children to rate how they believe others feel about them. Such items assess

Background and Theories

Research Methods

Genetics: The Biological Context of Development

Prenatal Development

Physical Development: Birth, Motor Skills, and Growth

Neural and Brain Development

Language Development

Sensory and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagetian and Vygotskian Approaches

Cognitive Development: The Information-Processing Approach

Intelligence and Schooling

Early Social and Emotional Development

Moral Development

Families and Peers

Gender-Role Development and Sex Differences

Filters