Question 1

The vast majority of the filtered fluid is reabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic.
a.Collecting tubules empty into this structure
b.Stores the urine
c.Passage of substances from the peritubular capillaries into the tubular lumen
d.Carries blood to the glomerulus
e.Tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate
f.Passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule
g.Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis
h.Collects the glomerular filtrate
i.Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries
j.Functional unit of the kidney
k.Supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients
l.Carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network
m.Tube through which urine leaves the body
n.Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control
o.Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney
p.Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here
-Tubular secretion

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the renal structure or activity with...

Question 3

Aldosterone

Accepted Answer

A) stimulates Na+ secretion in the collecting duct 
B) is secreted by the juxtaglomerular apparatus 
C) stimulates K+ secretion in the distal tubule 
D) has all of the above characteristics 
E) has characteristics a and b 
A) stimulates Na+ secretion in the collecting duct 
B) is secreted by the juxtaglomerular apparatus 
C) stimulates K+ secretion in the distal tubule 
D) has all of the above characteristics 
E) has characteristics a and b

Question 4

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption.
a.Sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules
b.Sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
c.Sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle
-Represents 8 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption.
a.Sodium...

Question 5

Which of the following plasma constituents is not regulated by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) Na+ 
C) H+ 
D) phosphate 
E) water 
A) glucose 
B) Na+ 
C) H+ 
D) phosphate 
E) water

Question 6

The Tm for substance X is 200 mg/min and its plasma concentration is 200 mg/100 ml.If the GFR is 125 ml/min, then _________ mg of substance X will be reabsorbed each minute, and ___________ mg/min will be excreted.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Tm for substance X is 200...

Question 7

Which of the following does not play a role in Na⁺ reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A) renin 
B) vasopressin 
C) angiotensinogen 
D) aldosterone 
E) atrial natriuretic peptide 
A) renin 
B) vasopressin 
C) angiotensinogen 
D) aldosterone 
E) atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 8

When the bladder of an infant is filled with urine, the

Accepted Answer

A) stretch receptors in the bladder wall are inhibited 
B) parasympathetic nerve supplying the bladder is inhibited, allowing the bladder to relax 
C) motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is stimulated, causing the sphincter to open 
D) motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is inhibited, allowing the sphincter to open 
E) parasympathetic nerve supplying the internal urethral sphincter is stimulated, causing the sphincter to close 
A) stretch receptors in the bladder wall are inhibited 
B) parasympathetic nerve supplying the bladder is inhibited, allowing the bladder to relax 
C) motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is stimulated, causing the sphincter to open 
D) motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is inhibited, allowing the sphincter to open 
E) parasympathetic nerve supplying the internal urethral sphincter is stimulated, causing the sphincter to close

Question 9

____________________ is a group of intrinsic mechanisms in the kidneys that prevent changes in the GFR.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is a group of intrinsic mechanisms...

Question 10

Tubular secretion of foreign substances, such as drugs, generally occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A) Bowman's capsule 
B) loop of Henle 
C) proximal tubule 
D) collecting duct 
E) glomerulus 
A) Bowman's capsule 
B) loop of Henle 
C) proximal tubule 
D) collecting duct 
E) glomerulus

Question 11

Which statement about tubular reabsorption is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) It refers to the movement of a substance from the tubular fluid to the peritubular capillary blood. 
B) It is important for the conservation of substances important to the body, such as Na+, Cl-, glucose, and amino acids. 
C) It can occur by active or passive transport mechanisms. 
D) It involves the process of transepithelial transport. 
E) It takes place only in the proximal tubule. 
A) It refers to the movement of a substance from the tubular fluid to the peritubular capillary blood. 
B) It is important for the conservation of substances important to the body, such as Na+, Cl-, glucose, and amino acids. 
C) It can occur by active or passive transport mechanisms. 
D) It involves the process of transepithelial transport. 
E) It takes place only in the proximal tubule.

Question 12

Efferent arteriole:
Location ____________________
Function(s) ____________________

Accepted Answer

Efferent a

Question 13

Aldosterone secretion

Accepted Answer

A) occurs in the kidney 
B) is stimulated by angiotensin II 
C) is controlled by the concentration of Cl- 
D) increases due to a higher-than-normal Na+ concentration in the blood 
E) allows renin to become activated 
A) occurs in the kidney 
B) is stimulated by angiotensin II 
C) is controlled by the concentration of Cl- 
D) increases due to a higher-than-normal Na+ concentration in the blood 
E) allows renin to become activated

Question 14

The micturition reflex controls bladder emptying in adults.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The segment of the nephron that is impermeable to H₂O even in the presence of vasopressin is the

Accepted Answer

A) proximal tubule 
B) ascending limb of the loop of Henle 
C) descending limb of the loop of Henle 
D) distal tubule 
E) collecting tubule 
A) proximal tubule 
B) ascending limb of the loop of Henle 
C) descending limb of the loop of Henle 
D) distal tubule 
E) collecting tubule

Question 16

Reabsorption of chloride is

Accepted Answer

A) active 
B) passive 
C) dependent on the amount of sodium reabsorbed 
D) both a and c 
E) both b and c 
A) active 
B) passive 
C) dependent on the amount of sodium reabsorbed 
D) both a and c 
E) both b and c

Question 17

Urine moves from the kidneys to the urinary bladder through the ureters

Accepted Answer

A) by active transport 
B) passively by the force of gravity 
C) by peristaltic contraction of the smooth muscle of the ureters 
D) when the bladder empties, creating a negative pressure that pulls urine to the bladder 
E) when nephron collecting ducts apply hydrostatic pressure to push the urine along 
A) by active transport 
B) passively by the force of gravity 
C) by peristaltic contraction of the smooth muscle of the ureters 
D) when the bladder empties, creating a negative pressure that pulls urine to the bladder 
E) when nephron collecting ducts apply hydrostatic pressure to push the urine along

Question 18

In active reabsorption, all of the steps involved in transepithelial transport are active.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Angiotensinogen is produced by the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The three major processes involved in urine formation are filtration, reabsorption, and excretion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The vast majority of the filtered fluid is reabsorbed.

Aldosterone

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption. a.Sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules b.Sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule c.Sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle -Represents 8 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed

Which of the following plasma constituents is not regulated by the kidneys?

The Tm for substance X is 200 mg/min and its plasma concentration is 200 mg/100 ml.If the GFR is 125 ml/min, then _ mg of substance X will be reabsorbed each minute, and ___ mg/min will be excreted.

Which of the following does not play a role in Na⁺ reabsorption?

When the bladder of an infant is filled with urine, the

____________________ is a group of intrinsic mechanisms in the kidneys that prevent changes in the GFR.

Tubular secretion of foreign substances, such as drugs, generally occurs in the

Which statement about tubular reabsorption is incorrect?

Efferent arteriole: Location Function(s)

Aldosterone secretion

The micturition reflex controls bladder emptying in adults.

The segment of the nephron that is impermeable to H₂O even in the presence of vasopressin is the

Reabsorption of chloride is

Urine moves from the kidneys to the urinary bladder through the ureters

In active reabsorption, all of the steps involved in transepithelial transport are active.

Angiotensinogen is produced by the kidney.

The three major processes involved in urine formation are filtration, reabsorption, and excretion.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 14: The Urinary System

The vast majority of the filtered fluid is reabsorbed.

Aldosterone

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption. a.Sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules b.Sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule c.Sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle -Represents 8 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed

Which of the following plasma constituents is not regulated by the kidneys?

The Tm for substance X is 200 mg/min and its plasma concentration is 200 mg/100 ml.If the GFR is 125 ml/min, then _________ mg of substance X will be reabsorbed each minute, and ___________ mg/min will be excreted.

Which of the following does not play a role in Na⁺ reabsorption?

When the bladder of an infant is filled with urine, the

____________________ is a group of intrinsic mechanisms in the kidneys that prevent changes in the GFR.

Tubular secretion of foreign substances, such as drugs, generally occurs in the

Which statement about tubular reabsorption is incorrect?

Efferent arteriole: Location ____________________ Function(s) ____________________

Aldosterone secretion

The micturition reflex controls bladder emptying in adults.

The segment of the nephron that is impermeable to H₂O even in the presence of vasopressin is the

Reabsorption of chloride is

Urine moves from the kidneys to the urinary bladder through the ureters

In active reabsorption, all of the steps involved in transepithelial transport are active.

Angiotensinogen is produced by the kidney.

The three major processes involved in urine formation are filtration, reabsorption, and excretion.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

The Tm for substance X is 200 mg/min and its plasma concentration is 200 mg/100 ml.If the GFR is 125 ml/min, then _ mg of substance X will be reabsorbed each minute, and ___ mg/min will be excreted.

Efferent arteriole: Location Function(s)