Exam 14: The Urinary System

The Tm represents the maximum amount of a particular substance that can be excreted in the urine per unit of time.

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption. a.Sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules b.Sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule c.Sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle -Plays a pivotal role in the reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, H₂O, Cl⁻, and urea

When the bladder wall is distended as a result of urine accumulation, the stretch receptors are stimulated and send afferent impulses to the spinal cord that

The urinary bladder

The renal process whereby substances are selectively transferred from the peritubular blood into the renal tubule is

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic. a.Collecting tubules empty into this structure b.Stores the urine c.Passage of substances from the peritubular capillaries into the tubular lumen d.Carries blood to the glomerulus e.Tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate f.Passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule g.Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis h.Collects the glomerular filtrate i.Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries j.Functional unit of the kidney k.Supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients l.Carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network m.Tube through which urine leaves the body n.Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control o.Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney p.Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here -Efferent arteriole

Proximal tubule: Location ____________________ Function(s) ____________________

Which of the following factors would decrease the GFR?

The group of cells located where the distal tubule comes into contact with the afferent and efferent arterioles of the same nephron is known as the juxtaglomerular apparatus.

The energy-dependent step in Na⁺ reabsorption involves the ____________________, located at the ____________________ (basolateral or luminal) membrane of the tubular cell.

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic. a.Collecting tubules empty into this structure b.Stores the urine c.Passage of substances from the peritubular capillaries into the tubular lumen d.Carries blood to the glomerulus e.Tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate f.Passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule g.Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis h.Collects the glomerular filtrate i.Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries j.Functional unit of the kidney k.Supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients l.Carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network m.Tube through which urine leaves the body n.Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control o.Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney p.Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here -Afferent arteriole

The normal osmolarity of body fluids is ________ mOsm/liter.

Potassium is

Match the urinary system feature with the correct characteristic. a.urea b.creatinine c.uric acid d.Na+ e.glucose -Nitrogen waste product from RNA metabolism

Identify a site where reabsorption does not occur.

The Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase transport system that plays a pivotal role in tubular reabsorption is located in the

For filtration to occur, (blood osmotic pressure + capsular hydrostatic pressure) must be less than blood hydrostatic pressure.

NaCl is actively transported from the descending limb of the loop of Henle to establish the medullary osmotic gradient.

Indicate whether the portion of the tubule in question is permeable or impermeable to the substance in question using the following answer code. a.permeable b.impermeable c.permeable, permeable d.permeable, impermeable e.impermeable, impermeable -The distal and collecting tubules in the presence of vasopressin are ______ to H₂O.

The specialized nephron capillary bed where filtration occurs is the