Question 1

The largest mass of living material on Earth comes from

Accepted Answer

A)  microorganisms. 
B)  plants. 
C)  animals. 
D)  plants and animals together. 
A)  microorganisms. 
B)  plants. 
C)  animals. 
D)  plants and animals together.

Question 2

Explain why infectious diseases are much less lethal in developed countries than in underdeveloped countries.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should e

Question 3

Both environmental conditions and nutrient resources strongly influence the composition of a microbial community.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Bacillus anthracis deficient in its ability to differentiate would not be able to

Accepted Answer

A)  chemotax towards growth substrates. 
B)  create vessicles. 
C)  form endospores. 
D)  grow without additional supplemented nutrients. 
A)  chemotax towards growth substrates. 
B)  create vessicles. 
C)  form endospores. 
D)  grow without additional supplemented nutrients.

Question 5

Approximately two billion years ago,________ were primarily responsible for initially oxygenating Earth.

Accepted Answer

A)  algae 
B)  Archaea 
C)  cyanobacteria 
D)  purple sulfur bacteria 
A)  algae 
B)  Archaea 
C)  cyanobacteria 
D)  purple sulfur bacteria

Question 6

The theory of spontaneous generation was refuted by the work of

Accepted Answer

A)  Louis Pasteur. 
B)  Robert Koch. 
C)  Robert Hooke. 
D)  Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. 
A)  Louis Pasteur. 
B)  Robert Koch. 
C)  Robert Hooke. 
D)  Antoni van Leeuwenhoek.

Question 7

Archaea and Bacteria are unified as prokaryotes in lacking ________ which Eukarya contain,such as golgi.

Accepted Answer

A)  membranes 
B)  nuclei 
C)  membrane-enclosed organelles 
D)  nuclei and membrane-enclosed organelles 
A)  membranes 
B)  nuclei 
C)  membrane-enclosed organelles 
D)  nuclei and membrane-enclosed organelles

Question 8

The person who described the "wee animalcules" was

Accepted Answer

A)  Robert Hooke. 
B)  Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. 
C)  Louis Pasteur. 
D)  Ferdinand Cohn. 
A)  Robert Hooke. 
B)  Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. 
C)  Louis Pasteur. 
D)  Ferdinand Cohn.

Question 9

Applied microbiology deals with important practical problems in

Accepted Answer

A)  medicine. 
B)  agriculture. 
C)  industry. 
D)  medicine, agriculture, and industry. 
A)  medicine. 
B)  agriculture. 
C)  industry. 
D)  medicine, agriculture, and industry.

Question 10

Microbes playing a role in nitrogen fixation in plants live in ________,while those playing a role in the digestive tract of certain herbivores live in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  rumens / nodules 
B)  nodules / rumens 
C)  nodules / fortrans 
D)  fortrans / rumens 
A)  rumens / nodules 
B)  nodules / rumens 
C)  nodules / fortrans 
D)  fortrans / rumens

Question 11

Microbial sterilization is used to

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease the possibility of contaminants growing in a culture. 
B)  kill bacteria but not necessarily viruses or other microbes. 
C)  kill all microbes in or on objects. 
D)  clean a work area. 
A)  decrease the possibility of contaminants growing in a culture. 
B)  kill bacteria but not necessarily viruses or other microbes. 
C)  kill all microbes in or on objects. 
D)  clean a work area.

Question 12

The process whereby microorganisms are used to help clean up pollution created by human activities is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  bioaugmentation. 
B)  biodegradation. 
C)  bioengineering. 
D)  bioremediation. 
A)  bioaugmentation. 
B)  biodegradation. 
C)  bioengineering. 
D)  bioremediation.

Question 13

Major classes of macromolecules present in all living microorganisms include

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. 
B)  cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane, nucleoid, and ribosomes. 
C)  genes, proteins, and vitamins. 
D)  inorganic and organic compounds. 
A)  amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. 
B)  cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane, nucleoid, and ribosomes. 
C)  genes, proteins, and vitamins. 
D)  inorganic and organic compounds.

Question 14

According to our present understanding,each of the three major domains has what is known as its own universal ancestor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Provide evidence supporting the statement that an ecosystem is controlled by microbial activities.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary,but one exam

Question 16

Describe beneficial and harmful ways in which microorganisms interact with agricultural crops.

Accepted Answer

Certain microbes are beneficial to crops

Question 17

Differentiation occurs only in multicellular organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Sergei Winogradsky worked with bacteria involved in cycling nitrogen and sulfur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The explosive chemical trinitrotoluene (TNT)can remain in soils after use and is hazardous to humans.Propose an experiment in which TNT-degrading microorganisms could be isolated for purposes of bioremediation.Also indicate what experimental evidence would be useful to isolate TNT-degrading microorganisms.

Accepted Answer

Experimental designs will vary,but one e

Question 20

The bubonic plague was caused by Yersinia pestis,a highly pathogenic virus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 1: Microorganisms and Microbiology

The largest mass of living material on Earth comes from

Explain why infectious diseases are much less lethal in developed countries than in underdeveloped countries.

Both environmental conditions and nutrient resources strongly influence the composition of a microbial community.

Bacillus anthracis deficient in its ability to differentiate would not be able to

Approximately two billion years ago,________ were primarily responsible for initially oxygenating Earth.

The theory of spontaneous generation was refuted by the work of

Archaea and Bacteria are unified as prokaryotes in lacking ________ which Eukarya contain,such as golgi.

The person who described the "wee animalcules" was

Applied microbiology deals with important practical problems in

Microbes playing a role in nitrogen fixation in plants live in ________,while those playing a role in the digestive tract of certain herbivores live in ________.

Microbial sterilization is used to

The process whereby microorganisms are used to help clean up pollution created by human activities is known as

Major classes of macromolecules present in all living microorganisms include

According to our present understanding,each of the three major domains has what is known as its own universal ancestor.

Provide evidence supporting the statement that an ecosystem is controlled by microbial activities.

Describe beneficial and harmful ways in which microorganisms interact with agricultural crops.

Differentiation occurs only in multicellular organisms.

Sergei Winogradsky worked with bacteria involved in cycling nitrogen and sulfur.

The bubonic plague was caused by Yersinia pestis,a highly pathogenic virus.

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Biology

Microbial Growth and Control

Microbial Genomics

Metabolic Regulation

Viruses and Virology

Viral Genomes and Diversity

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Interactions With Humans

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Molecular Immunology

Diagnostic Microbiology

Epidemiology

Person-To-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Water and Food As Vehicles of Bacterial Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungal and Parasitic Diseases

Filters

Microbes playing a role in nitrogen fixation in plants live in ,while those playing a role in the digestive tract of certain herbivores live in .