Exam 24: Immunity and Host Defense

Antibodies are soluble proteins produced by T cells.

Assume you are the procurement manager of the medical charity "Doctors Without Borders" and there was an imminent infectious disease epidemic threat in a remote village in Africa.The epidemic can be prevented by vaccinating the population of interest.However,due to bad roads and lack of fast transportation services to reach the site of interest,which type of vaccine would you purchase for this job considering the length of time it would take to reach the affected site and why? A live attenuated virus or killed virus vaccines?

Type I hypersensitivity is caused by the release of vasoactive products from mast cells coated with

The transfer of antibodies through the placenta from mother to fetus is an example of

The process by which antibodies block interactions between pathogens or their products and host cells is termed

Stem cells are produced and developed in the

The purposeful artificial stimulation of active immunity to a particular infectious disease is known as

A child is stung by a bee at the beginning of the summer and has mild swelling and itching at the site of the sting.In late summer,the child is stung again,but this time rapidly develops anaphylaxis and is diagnosed with type I hypersensitivity to bee venom.If the child is allergic to bee venom,why was there no reaction after the first bee sting? What specifically happened after the first sting that led to the allergic reaction?

The T cell,with its T cell receptor,can recognize antigens only when the antigens are complexed with self proteins known as major histocompatibility complex found on host cell surfaces.

Phagocytes have general antibody receptors called ________ that bind to any antibody attached to an antigen.

The life-threatening condition that may develop during a type I hypersensitivity reaction is called

Monocytes and granulocytes are the two lineages of myeloid cells.

Superantigens activate more T cells than a normal immune response.

Are superantigen reactions beneficial or harmful to the host? What is different about a superantigen reaction compared to normal antigen-host cell interactions?

The body's non-inducible,preexisting ability to recognize and destroy pathogens or their products is called

Antihistamines are used to treat some allergic symptoms because they neutralize the histamine mediators that cause rapid dilation of blood vessels and contraction of smooth muscles that initiate the symptoms of systemic anaphylaxis.

Individuals with severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCID)have a genetic defect that prevents proper formation and expression of immunoglobins and T cells and therefore do not have adaptive immunity.

Phagocytes interact speedily and effectively with pathogens because they have evolved specialized molecules called pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)that interact directly with PAMPs.

Which of the following is TRUE about cytokines?

Explain why an individual lymphocyte clone that interacts with a specific LPS constituent of Salmonella will not react with the LPS of other bacteria.