Exam 3: Learning and Memory

Episodic memories are likely to become part of a person's long-term memory.

The spacing effect describes the tendency for consumers to more effectively recall printed material when the advertiser repeats the target item repeatedly in a short time period rather than periodically over a longer time span.

When Pavlov's famous dogs responded to a bell signalling feeding time,they were exhibiting what is called classical conditioning.

________ memory permits temporary storage of information we receive from our senses.

Much learning takes effort and time,but some learning is so casual as to be unintentional.This type of learning is referred to as ________ learning.

When a company engages in a 'piggybacking strategy,' it is hoping that customers will be able to discriminate between the company's product and a competitor's product.

Why would short-term memory be greatly impaired,or perhaps made impossible,without sensory memory?

Many marketers use 'the good old days' as a common theme in promotional messages.This is a strategy of focusing on ________.

When Shira was a young girl,her teacher gave her a sticker every time she earned above 90 per cent on a test.Shira's teacher was using classical conditioning.

The salience of a brand refers to its degree of pricing flexibility (i.e.,frequency of price changes).

Samantha is passing down the cereal aisle when she spots a box of Coco Pops cereal featuring 'Coco the Monkey' on the box.She remembers the taste of the cereal and how much fun she had talking to 'Coco' while she ate her cereal as a kid.She buys a box and leaves the cereal aisle without examining any other cereal products.What aspect of the retrieval process did Samantha use in her product search process?

A department store decides to use 'mystery shoppers' at unannounced times to test for service quality among its personnel.Store personnel are rewarded for excellent service attitudes.Which of the following reinforcement schedules would most likely apply in this situation?

The popular marketing technique known as ________ marketing applies the principles of instrumental conditioning by reinforcing regular purchases; consumers are given rewards with values that increase along with the amount purchased.

According to the definition of learning,how could a researcher ever show that cognitive learning had taken place in a subject?

Stimulus generalisation can create a halo effect.

Compare and contrast classical and instrumental (operant)conditioning.

The observational learning process begins with a step called motivation.

Learning refers to a relatively permanent change in behaviour that is caused by experience.

According to the information-processing approach to studying the memory process,in the ________ stage,information enters in a way the system will recognise.

The two major approaches associated with behavioural learning theory are classical conditioning and observational learning.