Exam 13: Additional Topics in Regression Analysis

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Model specification includes selection of the dependent and independent variables and the algebraic form of the model.

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Consider the regression model Consider the regression model   = 10 + 6x<sub>1</sub> + 2x<sub>2</sub>.A 1-unit increase in x<sub>2</sub>,while holding x<sub>1</sub> constant,increases the value of y,on average,by: = 10 + 6x1 + 2x2.A 1-unit increase in x2,while holding x1 constant,increases the value of y,on average,by:

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In many time-series applications,the dependent variable in a time period is often related to the value taken by this variable in the previous time period.

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Heteroscedasticity is more likely to arise in the log linear regression model.

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THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: Consider the following data for two variables,x and y.The independent variable x represents the amount of training time (in hours)for a salesperson starting a new car dealership to adjust fully,and the dependent variable y represents the weekly sales (in $1000s). THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: Consider the following data for two variables,x and y.The independent variable x represents the amount of training time (in hours)for a salesperson starting a new car dealership to adjust fully,and the dependent variable y represents the weekly sales (in $1000s).    -Find the coefficient of determination of this simple linear model.What does this statistic tell you about the model? -Find the coefficient of determination of this simple linear model.What does this statistic tell you about the model?

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THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: Suppose that a regression was run with three independent variables and 30 observations.The Durbin-Watson statistic was 0.64. -Why is it important to consider all the independent variables together in one model,rather than in separate simple linear regression models?

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THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: A regression analysis involving 25 observations and four independent variables revealed that the total variation in the dependent variable y is 1600 and that the mean square for error is 20. -Develop the ANOVA table.

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THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: Consider the following model: Y = β0 + β1X1t + β2X2t + γ3Yt-1.Using a sample of 36 months,we estimate this model and obtain the following results: yt = 1.33 + 17.6x1t + 0.94x2t + 0.39Yt-1 -What value would we typically expect for γ3?

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For a sample of 500 college professors,the estimated regression equation is given by For a sample of 500 college professors,the estimated regression equation is given by   = 275 - 3x - 2D,where y is the retirement age,x is pre-retirement annual income (in $1,000s),and D is a dummy variable that takes the value of 0 for male professors and 1 for female professors.Assume that there is a relationship between y,x,and D.For male professors with pre-retirement income of $70,000,the average age of retirement is: = 275 - 3x - 2D,where y is the retirement age,x is pre-retirement annual income (in $1,000s),and D is a dummy variable that takes the value of 0 for male professors and 1 for female professors.Assume that there is a relationship between y,x,and D.For male professors with pre-retirement income of $70,000,the average age of retirement is:

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When models exhibit heteroscedasticity,least squares is the most efficient procedure for estimating the coefficients of the regression model.

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From the regression results we calculate a Durbin-Watson test statistic of 3.05.What can we conclude about the possibility of autocorrelation in this model at α = 0.05?

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THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: A market researcher is interested in the average amount of money spent per year by college students on clothing.From 25 years of annual data,the following estimated regression was obtained through least squares: yt = 48.75 + THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: A market researcher is interested in the average amount of money spent per year by college students on clothing.From 25 years of annual data,the following estimated regression was obtained through least squares: y<sub>t</sub> = 48.75 +    +    +    where the numbers in parentheses below the coefficients are the coefficient standard errors,and y = Expenditure per student,in dollars,on clothes x<sub>1</sub> = Disposable income per student,in dollars,after the payment of tuition,fees,and room and board. x<sub>2</sub> = Index of advertising,aimed at the student market,on clothes -Test the hypotheses H<sub>0</sub> : There is no autocorrelation vs.H<sub>1 </sub>: There is autocorrelation,given that: Durbin-Watson Statistic d = 1.89,n = 28,k = 3,and α = 0.01 + THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: A market researcher is interested in the average amount of money spent per year by college students on clothing.From 25 years of annual data,the following estimated regression was obtained through least squares: y<sub>t</sub> = 48.75 +    +    +    where the numbers in parentheses below the coefficients are the coefficient standard errors,and y = Expenditure per student,in dollars,on clothes x<sub>1</sub> = Disposable income per student,in dollars,after the payment of tuition,fees,and room and board. x<sub>2</sub> = Index of advertising,aimed at the student market,on clothes -Test the hypotheses H<sub>0</sub> : There is no autocorrelation vs.H<sub>1 </sub>: There is autocorrelation,given that: Durbin-Watson Statistic d = 1.89,n = 28,k = 3,and α = 0.01 + THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: A market researcher is interested in the average amount of money spent per year by college students on clothing.From 25 years of annual data,the following estimated regression was obtained through least squares: y<sub>t</sub> = 48.75 +    +    +    where the numbers in parentheses below the coefficients are the coefficient standard errors,and y = Expenditure per student,in dollars,on clothes x<sub>1</sub> = Disposable income per student,in dollars,after the payment of tuition,fees,and room and board. x<sub>2</sub> = Index of advertising,aimed at the student market,on clothes -Test the hypotheses H<sub>0</sub> : There is no autocorrelation vs.H<sub>1 </sub>: There is autocorrelation,given that: Durbin-Watson Statistic d = 1.89,n = 28,k = 3,and α = 0.01 where the numbers in parentheses below the coefficients are the coefficient standard errors,and y = Expenditure per student,in dollars,on clothes x1 = Disposable income per student,in dollars,after the payment of tuition,fees,and room and board. x2 = Index of advertising,aimed at the student market,on clothes -Test the hypotheses H0 : There is no autocorrelation vs.H1 : There is autocorrelation,given that: Durbin-Watson Statistic d = 1.89,n = 28,k = 3,and α = 0.01

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THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: Suppose we estimate the regression Yt = β0 + β1x1t + β2x2t + β3x3t + β4x4t + εt using 36 months of data. -From the regression results we calculate a Durbin-Watson test statistic of 1.03.What can we conclude about the possibility of autocorrelation in this model at α = 0.05?

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THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: In a regression based on 35 annual observations,U.S.farm income was related to four independent variables- grain exports,federal government subsidies,population,and a dummy variable for bad weather years.The model was fitted by least squares,resulting in a Durbin-Watson statistic of 1.34.The regression of THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: In a regression based on 35 annual observations,U.S.farm income was related to four independent variables- grain exports,federal government subsidies,population,and a dummy variable for bad weather years.The model was fitted by least squares,resulting in a Durbin-Watson statistic of 1.34.The regression of    on    <sub>i</sub> yielded a coefficient of determination of 0.036. -Test the model for heteroscedasticity. on THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: In a regression based on 35 annual observations,U.S.farm income was related to four independent variables- grain exports,federal government subsidies,population,and a dummy variable for bad weather years.The model was fitted by least squares,resulting in a Durbin-Watson statistic of 1.34.The regression of    on    <sub>i</sub> yielded a coefficient of determination of 0.036. -Test the model for heteroscedasticity. i yielded a coefficient of determination of 0.036. -Test the model for heteroscedasticity.

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In regression models,multicollinearity arises when the:

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You are interested in modeling the after-tax profits for your firm over the past 36 months.Which of the following problems would most likely affect your model?

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Suppose after running the regression Y = β0 + β1X1 + β2X2 + β3X3 + β4X4 and examining a plot of the residuals,you have reason to suspect that there is heteroscedasticity in your model.Assume that the heteroscedasticity is directly proportional to the square of the expected value of the dependent variable.How might you transform your dependent variable to correct for this heteroscedasticity?

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In a regression model with two predictors x1 and x2,an interaction term may be used when:

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The model yt = 10 + 4.5xt + 0.20yt-1 is estimated using regression analysis applied to time-series data.What is the total expected increase over all current and future time periods?

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THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: You are interested in examining the factors that determine the average length of stay in a hospital across states.You collect data on the following variables: Y = statewide average hospital stay X1 = median state income X2 = 1 if the state is in the Northeast,0 otherwise X3 = 1 if the state is in the South,0 otherwise X4 = 1 if the state is in the Midwest,0 otherwise X5 = 1 if the state is in the West,0 otherwise -Which of the following model specifications would work for the data provided above?

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