Exam 7: Learning and Conditioning

A discriminative stimulus may be nonverbal, such as a traffic light.

The use of ________ reinforcers sometimes causes a behaviour to decrease in frequency.

What situation led Keller and Marian Breland to propose the concept of instinctive drift?

Kyla wants to make sure that her dog Axel does not beg for food from the table. Every time that Axel begs, Kyla says "No" in a sharp, scolding voice and she never gives in. Kyla is using:

Extinction occurs when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.

The application of conditioning techniques to teach new responses or to reduce maladaptive behaviour is called:

An electric shock would be an example of a primary punisher.

An unconditioned stimulus is an event or a thing that elicits a response automatically or reflexively.

When one is first acquiring a response, learning is usually most rapid under a continuous reinforcement schedule.

Watson and Rayner made a loud noise behind Little Albert's head by striking a steel bar with a hammer. This noise served as the ________ in their study.

Gerry wants to train his new puppy not to chew on the furniture. He will be most successful in reducing the puppy's chewing behaviour if he uses:

According to the textbook:

Match the types of learning with the appropriate names. -Operant conditioning

Mary found herself uncontrollably salivating at the sight of the Dairy Queen sign. Her behaviour is an example of:

During operant learning, the tendency for an organism to revert to instinctive behaviours is called:

Keller and Marian Breland were unable to teach a pig to drop a "coin" in a box because of:

A reflexive response elicited by a stimulus in the absence of learning is called a conditioned response.

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

In Pavlov's studies of classical conditioning in dogs, the meat powder was the:

The evidence in regard to media violence suggests that: