Question 1

At what location(s)within a cell is/are proteins glycosylated?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosome 
B)  endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  Golgi complex 
D)  lysosome 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex 
A)  ribosome 
B)  endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  Golgi complex 
D)  lysosome 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex E

Question 2

Common carbohydrates found in nature are

Accepted Answer

A)  aldehydes with two or more hydroxyl groups. 
B)  ketones with two or more hydroxyl groups. 
C)  amines with two or more hydroxyl groups. 
D)  aldehydes with two or more hydroxyl groups and ketones with two or more hydroxyl groups. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  aldehydes with two or more hydroxyl groups. 
B)  ketones with two or more hydroxyl groups. 
C)  amines with two or more hydroxyl groups. 
D)  aldehydes with two or more hydroxyl groups and ketones with two or more hydroxyl groups. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. D

Question 3

What is the difference between an enantiomer and a diastereoisomer? Give examples.

Accepted Answer

An enantiomer is a stereoisomer that is a perfect (nonsuperimposable or nonidentical)mirror image.A chiral molecule has one perfect mirror image.However,for larger carbohydrates that have the same chemical formula and have multiple chiral centers,variations in asymmetric carbon structures mean that additional stereoisomers exist.The stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other are called diastereoisomers.
d-glucose and d-mannose are diastereoisomers,and d-glyceraldehyde and
l-glyceraldehyde are enantiomers.

Question 4

How does a genetic mutation account for some of the different human blood types?

Accepted Answer

Blood type is determined by specific gly

Question 5

Draw the structure of lactose.Identify the monosaccharides involved,and identify the type of linkage in lactose.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the structure of lactose.Identify the monosaccharides...

Question 6

In C-type lectins,a _______________ acts as a bridge between the carbohydrate and the protein.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In C-type lectins,a _______________ acts as a...

Question 7

Two monosaccharides that differ in stereochemistry at only a single asymmetric carbon are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  aldoses 
B)  epimers 
C)  anomers 
D)  pentoses 
E)  enantiomers 
A)  aldoses 
B)  epimers 
C)  anomers 
D)  pentoses 
E)  enantiomers

Question 8

Which of the following is among the most abundant organic molecules in the biosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen 
B)  amylose 
C)  amylopectin 
D)  cellulose 
E)  chitin 
A)  glycogen 
B)  amylose 
C)  amylopectin 
D)  cellulose 
E)  chitin

Question 9

A _______________ is a five-membered ring formed from a monosaccharide.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A _______________ is a five-membered ring formed...

Question 10

Which of the following is the anomer of β-d-glucopyranose?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 11

Draw the Haworth projections of the two pyranose forms of d-glucose.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the Haworth projections of the two...

Question 12

Compare the structures of amylopectin and amylose.

Accepted Answer

Both are homopolymers of glucose.Amylose

Question 13

Inhibitors against which viral enzyme have potential as anti-influenza agents?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calnexin 
B)  Neuraminidase 
C)  Selectin 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  Calnexin 
B)  Neuraminidase 
C)  Selectin 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 14

______is the class of glycoproteins with predominantly N-acetylgalactosamine moieties.

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycosaminoglycans 
B)  Mucoproteins 
C)  Starch 
D)  Lectins 
E)  Proteoglycans 
A)  Glycosaminoglycans 
B)  Mucoproteins 
C)  Starch 
D)  Lectins 
E)  Proteoglycans

Question 15

What is the role of l-selectin when produced by an embryo?

Accepted Answer

l-Selectin is produced by embryos when t

Question 16

Describe some of the functions of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans.

Accepted Answer

They function as lubricants,an

Question 17

Selectins are proteins that

Accepted Answer

A)  selectively bind proteins destined for lysozomes. 
B)  aid in selection of proteins bound for the Golgi complex. 
C)  bind immune-system cells as part of the inflammatory response. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  selectively bind proteins destined for lysozomes. 
B)  aid in selection of proteins bound for the Golgi complex. 
C)  bind immune-system cells as part of the inflammatory response. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 18

What is the advantage of having different blood types within a species?

Accepted Answer

Variations are protective because differ

Question 19

The enzyme that digests amylopectin is

Accepted Answer

A)  $\alpha$-amylase. 
B)  amylopectinase. 
C)  cellulase. 
D)  invertase. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  $\alpha$-amylase. 
B)  amylopectinase. 
C)  cellulase. 
D)  invertase. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 20

Maltose is composed of two molecules of glucose linked together by a(n)____________ glycosidic bond.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Maltose is composed of two molecules of...

Exam 11: Carbohydrates

At what location(s)within a cell is/are proteins glycosylated?

Common carbohydrates found in nature are

What is the difference between an enantiomer and a diastereoisomer? Give examples.

How does a genetic mutation account for some of the different human blood types?

Draw the structure of lactose.Identify the monosaccharides involved,and identify the type of linkage in lactose.

In C-type lectins,a _______________ acts as a bridge between the carbohydrate and the protein.

Two monosaccharides that differ in stereochemistry at only a single asymmetric carbon are called _____.

Which of the following is among the most abundant organic molecules in the biosphere?

A _______________ is a five-membered ring formed from a monosaccharide.

Which of the following is the anomer of β-d-glucopyranose?

Draw the Haworth projections of the two pyranose forms of d-glucose.

Compare the structures of amylopectin and amylose.

Inhibitors against which viral enzyme have potential as anti-influenza agents?

______is the class of glycoproteins with predominantly N-acetylgalactosamine moieties.

What is the role of l-selectin when produced by an embryo?

Describe some of the functions of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans.

Selectins are proteins that

What is the advantage of having different blood types within a species?

The enzyme that digests amylopectin is

Maltose is composed of two molecules of glucose linked together by a(n)____________ glycosidic bond.

Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Protein Composition and Structure

Exploring Proteins and Proteomes

DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

Exploring Genes and Genomes

Exploring Evolution and Bioinformatics

Hemoglobin: a Portrait of a Protein in Action

Enzymes: Basic Concepts and Kinetics

Catalytic Strategies

Regulatory Strategies

Lipids and Cell Membranes

Membrane Channels and Pumps

Signal-Transduction Pathways

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

The Citric Acid Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Glycogen Metabolism

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Protein Turnover and Amino Acid Catabolism

The Biosynthesis of Amino Acids

Nucleotide Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids and Steroids

The Integration of Metabolism

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Protein Synthesis

The Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

The Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Sensory Systems

The Immune System

Molecular Motors

Drug Development

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