Question 1

Posttranscriptional eukaryotic gene expression can be controlled by

Accepted Answer

A)  microRNAs. 
B)  histones. 
C)  basic-leucine zipper proteins. 
D)  helix-turn-helix proteins. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  microRNAs. 
B)  histones. 
C)  basic-leucine zipper proteins. 
D)  helix-turn-helix proteins. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. A

Question 2

One of the classes of eukaryotic DNA-binding units is called bZip proteins because it has long α-helices stabilized by the amino acid __________________.

Accepted Answer

leucine or Leu

Question 3

A key reaction in gene repression is the deacetylation of these amino acids in histones.

Accepted Answer

A)  serine 
B)  threonine 
C)  arginine 
D)  lysine 
E)  All the answers are correct. 
A)  serine 
B)  threonine 
C)  arginine 
D)  lysine 
E)  All the answers are correct. D

Question 4

When a steroid hormone receptor binds its ligand,it induces a conformational change in the ligand-binding domain which allows the binding of a(n)_______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a steroid hormone receptor binds its...

Question 5

A zinc finger domain is stabilized by a bound zinc ion through interactions with two __________ and two ______________ residues.

Accepted Answer

cysteine o

Question 6

What is the complex of protein subunits that acts as a bridge between transcription factors and RNA polymerase II?

Accepted Answer

A)  coactivator 
B)  repressor 
C)  attenuator 
D)  mediator 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  coactivator 
B)  repressor 
C)  attenuator 
D)  mediator 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 7

The repeating unit formed by the DNA wrapping around the histone core is called a(n)_________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The repeating unit formed by the DNA...

Question 8

What is the complex of DNA and associated proteins in the eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosome 
B)  chromatid 
C)  chromatin 
D)  karyotype 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  chromosome 
B)  chromatid 
C)  chromatin 
D)  karyotype 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 9

The interaction of many different protein factors to stimulate or repress transcription is called

Accepted Answer

A)  combinatorial control. 
B)  synergy. 
C)  hypomethylation effect. 
D)  enhancer control. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  combinatorial control. 
B)  synergy. 
C)  hypomethylation effect. 
D)  enhancer control. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 10

In eukaryotes,DNA-binding proteins bind to DNA by which of the following DNA-binding structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cys2 His2 zinc-finger domain 
B)  homeodomain 
C)  closed loops called lariats 
D)  Cys2 His2 zinc-finger domain and homeodomain 
E)  Cys2 His2 zinc-finger domain and closed loops called lariats 
A)  Cys2 His2 zinc-finger domain 
B)  homeodomain 
C)  closed loops called lariats 
D)  Cys2 His2 zinc-finger domain and homeodomain 
E)  Cys2 His2 zinc-finger domain and closed loops called lariats

Question 11

Ferritin mRNA includes a 5′ stem-loop structure and binds a(n)_______________,which blocks the initiation of translation under low iron conditions.

Accepted Answer

IRE-bindin

Question 12

The technique ______________________ has been used to show that in eukaryotes,chromatin structure blocks a large number of potential protein binding sites.

Accepted Answer

chromatin

Question 13

How do coactivators mediate expression?

Accepted Answer

A)  blocking RNA polymerase binding 
B)  modifying chromatin structure 
C)  inhibiting intron splicing 
D)  binding to enhancers 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  blocking RNA polymerase binding 
B)  modifying chromatin structure 
C)  inhibiting intron splicing 
D)  binding to enhancers 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 14

Structural components of the nucleosome include

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription factors. 
B)  an octamer of core histones. 
C)  histone H8, which has an amino-terminal tail rich in leucine and isoleucine. 
D)  enhancer elements. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  transcription factors. 
B)  an octamer of core histones. 
C)  histone H8, which has an amino-terminal tail rich in leucine and isoleucine. 
D)  enhancer elements. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 15

Describe the functions of the two domains of a typical eukaryotic transcription factor.

Accepted Answer

The DNA-binding domain identifies and bi

Question 16

What are significant features in the development of induced pluripotent stem cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only four transcription factors are required to induce pluripotency in fibroblasts. 
B)  De-differentiated cells have characteristics of embryonic stem cells. 
C)  Potentially, iPS cells represent a new class of therapeutic agents. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  Only four transcription factors are required to induce pluripotency in fibroblasts. 
B)  De-differentiated cells have characteristics of embryonic stem cells. 
C)  Potentially, iPS cells represent a new class of therapeutic agents. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 17

Enhancer sites are often located

Accepted Answer

A)  near the poly(
A)  tail site. 
B)  within introns. 
C)  at a distance from the transcription start site. 
D)  immediately adjacent to the promoter. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  near the poly(
A)  tail site. 
B)  within introns. 
C)  at a distance from the transcription start site. 
D)  immediately adjacent to the promoter. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 18

Histones

Accepted Answer

A)  are basic. 
B)  constitute half the chromosome's mass. 
C)  serve to organize eukaryotic DNA. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  are basic. 
B)  constitute half the chromosome's mass. 
C)  serve to organize eukaryotic DNA. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 19

What is a hypersensitive site in eukaryotic DNA?

Accepted Answer

A hypersensitive site is more susceptibl

Question 20

What enzyme has a role in repression of eukaryotic gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A)  histone methylase 
B)  histone demethylase 
C)  histone acetylase 
D)  histone deacetylase 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  histone methylase 
B)  histone demethylase 
C)  histone acetylase 
D)  histone deacetylase 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Exam 32: The Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Posttranscriptional eukaryotic gene expression can be controlled by

One of the classes of eukaryotic DNA-binding units is called bZip proteins because it has long α-helices stabilized by the amino acid __________________.

A key reaction in gene repression is the deacetylation of these amino acids in histones.

When a steroid hormone receptor binds its ligand,it induces a conformational change in the ligand-binding domain which allows the binding of a(n)_______________.

A zinc finger domain is stabilized by a bound zinc ion through interactions with two __________ and two ______________ residues.

What is the complex of protein subunits that acts as a bridge between transcription factors and RNA polymerase II?

The repeating unit formed by the DNA wrapping around the histone core is called a(n)_________________.

What is the complex of DNA and associated proteins in the eukaryotic cell?

The interaction of many different protein factors to stimulate or repress transcription is called

In eukaryotes,DNA-binding proteins bind to DNA by which of the following DNA-binding structures?

Ferritin mRNA includes a 5′ stem-loop structure and binds a(n)_______________,which blocks the initiation of translation under low iron conditions.

The technique ______________________ has been used to show that in eukaryotes,chromatin structure blocks a large number of potential protein binding sites.

How do coactivators mediate expression?

Structural components of the nucleosome include

Describe the functions of the two domains of a typical eukaryotic transcription factor.

What are significant features in the development of induced pluripotent stem cells?

Enhancer sites are often located

Histones

What is a hypersensitive site in eukaryotic DNA?

What enzyme has a role in repression of eukaryotic gene expression?

Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Protein Composition and Structure

Exploring Proteins and Proteomes

DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

Exploring Genes and Genomes

Exploring Evolution and Bioinformatics

Hemoglobin: a Portrait of a Protein in Action

Enzymes: Basic Concepts and Kinetics

Catalytic Strategies

Regulatory Strategies

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Cell Membranes

Membrane Channels and Pumps

Signal-Transduction Pathways

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

The Citric Acid Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Glycogen Metabolism

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Protein Turnover and Amino Acid Catabolism

The Biosynthesis of Amino Acids

Nucleotide Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids and Steroids

The Integration of Metabolism

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Protein Synthesis

The Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

Sensory Systems

The Immune System

Molecular Motors

Drug Development

Filters

A zinc finger domain is stabilized by a bound zinc ion through interactions with two and two ____ residues.