Exam 19: Nuclear Chemistry

If pure polonium-210 (k = 5.02 × 10^-3 day^-1) were used in a crime, based on radioactive disintegration alone, how long would it take for half the original isotope to disappear?

If polonium-210 emits an alpha particle, the other product will be

The half-life of radon-222 is 2.8 days. A homeowner used a radon test-kit to sample the air in his home, but forgot to send it for processing for 30 days. If the level of radon was actually 100 counts, what value would be reported by the test lab?

A radioactive isotope that decomposes by K-electron capture emission

⁹⁰Sr is an isotope produced from atmospheric testing of nuclear bombs. If nuclear testing was stopped in 1960, what percentage of radioactivity due to ⁹⁰Sr remained in 2000? The half-life of ⁹⁰Sr is 28.5 years.

Which of these is the smallest contributor to background radiation exposure in the U.S.?

Which of these does not correspond to a real radioactive decay process?

The radiation unit equal to 1 J of energy deposited per kg of tissue is the

All elements in the Periodic Table beyond ____ have only radioactive isotopes; these mostly decay by ____ emission.

Beta particles are best described as ____, ejected at high speeds from a radioactive nucleus.

The most penetrating type of radioactivity is ____, and the least penetrating is ____.

Assuming two samples of radioisotopes both contain the same number of atoms, the activity of the shorter-half-life isotope would be initially ____ and decay ____.

A radioactive isotope that decomposes by alpha particle emission loses

On a plot of number of neutrons as a function of number of protons, the stable (non-radioactive) isotopes form a "peninsula of stability". Isotopes with a greater or lesser number of neutrons than this, and all isotopes beyond a certain number of protons, are radioactive. Briefly describe the most common type of radioactive decay exhibited by each of these groups.

One of the routes for radioactive decay of U-238 to Pb-206 involves the successive emission of alpha, two beta, four alpha, beta, alpha, beta, alpha, beta, alpha, and beta particles. a. By consideration of the atomic and mass numbers of all species in this reaction, show that the statement above is consistent. b. Identify the first five isotopes encountered during this process.

How many of these do not involve nuclear fusion: a nuclear power station, the sun, Positron Emission Tomography, a hydrogen bomb?

Which statement concerning fusion is correct?

Which pair of elements could not be produced from neutron bombardment of uranium-235 if 2 additional neutrons are also produced?

The rad is a radiation unit that describes the

A radioactive isotope that decomposes by positron emission loses