Question 1

The fact that one's memory can be influenced by the mood or bodily condition that exists at the time of learning and at the time of retrieval is known as

Accepted Answer

A) eidetic imagery. 
B) the serial position effect. 
C) state-dependent learning. 
D) the tip-of-the-tongue state. 
A) eidetic imagery. 
B) the serial position effect. 
C) state-dependent learning. 
D) the tip-of-the-tongue state.

Question 2

Regarding research on where long-term memories are stored and activated within the brain,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Procedural memories are stored in the basal ganglia and cerebellum. 
B) The hippocampus is involved in memory consolidation. 
C) Semantic memories are stored in the front of the cortex,while episodic memories are stored in the back areas of the cortex. 
D) Different parts of cortex are activated when we are engaging in memory retrieval and suppression. 
A) Procedural memories are stored in the basal ganglia and cerebellum. 
B) The hippocampus is involved in memory consolidation. 
C) Semantic memories are stored in the front of the cortex,while episodic memories are stored in the back areas of the cortex. 
D) Different parts of cortex are activated when we are engaging in memory retrieval and suppression.

Question 3

Katie is having trouble learning Italian because she finds that having learned German earlier makes it more difficult for her to now learn Italian,which illustrates forgetting due to retroactive interference.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The difference between learning nonsense syllables and meaningful information is

Accepted Answer

A) that nonsense syllables are remembered longer because of their distinctiveness. 
B) that meaningful information is remembered longer because it is linked with prior knowledge. 
C) that learning nonsense syllables is easier because there is no proactive inhibition. 
D) so minimal that both types of information are remembered for virtually the same length of time. 
A) that nonsense syllables are remembered longer because of their distinctiveness. 
B) that meaningful information is remembered longer because it is linked with prior knowledge. 
C) that learning nonsense syllables is easier because there is no proactive inhibition. 
D) so minimal that both types of information are remembered for virtually the same length of time.

Question 5

Forgetting may be due to a failure in either

Accepted Answer

A) availability,accessibility,or redintegration. 
B) encoding,storage,or retrieval. 
C) recoding,feedback,or rehearsal. 
D) recall,recognition,or relearning. 
A) availability,accessibility,or redintegration. 
B) encoding,storage,or retrieval. 
C) recoding,feedback,or rehearsal. 
D) recall,recognition,or relearning.

Question 6

A good way to prevent encoding failure is to actively think about the information to be learned,a process known as

Accepted Answer

A) elaborative processing. 
B) priming. 
C) chunking or recoding. 
D) maintenance rehearsal. 
A) elaborative processing. 
B) priming. 
C) chunking or recoding. 
D) maintenance rehearsal.

Question 7

The graphic representation of the results of Ebbinghaus' research is known as the

Accepted Answer

A) scatter plot of memory loss. 
B) histogram of retention. 
C) memory interference polygon. 
D) curve of forgetting. 
A) scatter plot of memory loss. 
B) histogram of retention. 
C) memory interference polygon. 
D) curve of forgetting.

Question 8

Discuss flashbulb memories,including examples of these memories,when and how they are formed,why they are so vivid and lasting,why people place so much confidence in these memories,even when they are wrong,and how some of these memories can emotionally handicap people.

Accepted Answer

Answer will include that a flashbulb mem

Question 9

According to the interference explanation of forgetting,which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Interference occurs because one's long­term memory capacity is limited so that when new information is brought in,older memories must be removed. 
B) Interference occurs because new memories can inhibit the retrieval of stored memory and vice-versa. 
C) The greater the similarity in the two subjects being studied,the less interference that takes place. 
D) Cues present at the time of learning tend to interfere with the memory being retrieved. 
A) Interference occurs because one's long­term memory capacity is limited so that when new information is brought in,older memories must be removed. 
B) Interference occurs because new memories can inhibit the retrieval of stored memory and vice-versa. 
C) The greater the similarity in the two subjects being studied,the less interference that takes place. 
D) Cues present at the time of learning tend to interfere with the memory being retrieved.

Question 10

In the experiment,a rat was administered an electroconvulsive shock (ECS)after receiving a painful shock to its feet.The ECS

Accepted Answer

A) caused proactive interference for the memory of the shock to its feet. 
B) caused retrograde amnesia for the memory of the shock to its feet. 
C) caused redintegration and enhanced memory of the shock to its feet. 
D) did not increase or decrease memory but did increase pain sensitivity. 
A) caused proactive interference for the memory of the shock to its feet. 
B) caused retrograde amnesia for the memory of the shock to its feet. 
C) caused redintegration and enhanced memory of the shock to its feet. 
D) did not increase or decrease memory but did increase pain sensitivity.

Question 11

Janice broke up with her long-time boyfriend Chuck two months ago.Every time any memory of Chuck creeps into her mind,she consciously pushes these memories out of her mind.Janice is trying to forget "this guy" by using

Accepted Answer

A) suppression. 
B) repression. 
C) disuse. 
D) interference. 
A) suppression. 
B) repression. 
C) disuse. 
D) interference.

Question 12

Regarding suppression and repression,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Some psychologists have questioned whether repression exists. 
B) Clinicians consider true suppression to be an unconscious event. 
C) If you have experienced a painful emotional event,you will probably avoid all thoughts associated with it,which tend to keep cues out of mind that could trigger a painful memory. 
D) When a memory is repressed,we may be unaware that forgetting has even occurred. 
A) Some psychologists have questioned whether repression exists. 
B) Clinicians consider true suppression to be an unconscious event. 
C) If you have experienced a painful emotional event,you will probably avoid all thoughts associated with it,which tend to keep cues out of mind that could trigger a painful memory. 
D) When a memory is repressed,we may be unaware that forgetting has even occurred.

Question 13

The fact that many people do not know which way Lincoln is facing on the penny is probably due to encoding failure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

According to Ebbinghaus,forgetting is

Accepted Answer

A) almost complete within two days with 90 percent of the information totally forgotten. 
B) rapid at first and then followed by a slow decline. 
C) slow at first and then followed by a rapid decline within 30 days. 
D) characterized by a slow,steady decline from the moment the information is encountered. 
A) almost complete within two days with 90 percent of the information totally forgotten. 
B) rapid at first and then followed by a slow decline. 
C) slow at first and then followed by a rapid decline within 30 days. 
D) characterized by a slow,steady decline from the moment the information is encountered.

Question 15

José studies,stays awake for eight hours,then sleeps for eight hours.Santos studies,then sleeps eight hours,and is then awake for eight hours.Regarding the amount of forgetting that each of these students will experience,

Accepted Answer

A) José will forget more of what he studied than Santos. 
B) Santos will forget more of what he studied than José. 
C) Both will forget the same amount of material. 
D) Neither will forget a significant amount of material since only 16 hours have passed since they studied. 
A) José will forget more of what he studied than Santos. 
B) Santos will forget more of what he studied than José. 
C) Both will forget the same amount of material. 
D) Neither will forget a significant amount of material since only 16 hours have passed since they studied.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of forgetting due to a storage problem?

Accepted Answer

A) cue-dependent forgetting 
B) repression 
C) disuse 
D) retroactive interference 
A) cue-dependent forgetting 
B) repression 
C) disuse 
D) retroactive interference

Question 17

If a memory is particularly emotional,as are many flashbulb memories,the process of consolidation is intensified by heightened activity in the

Accepted Answer

A) pons. 
B) limbic system. 
C) reticular formation. 
D) prefrontal cortex. 
A) pons. 
B) limbic system. 
C) reticular formation. 
D) prefrontal cortex.

Question 18

During your first presentation in speech class,you experienced an embarassing moment as you lost your place.It is now three weeks later,and you are about to make your second speech.As you wait your turn,you try to consciously push the diastrous first speech out of your mind.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) repression. 
B) suppression. 
C) disuse. 
D) interference. 
A) repression. 
B) suppression. 
C) disuse. 
D) interference.

Question 19

When backing a trailer,you must turn the steering wheel away from the direction you want the trailer to go,a situation in which the skills you developed in one situation conflict with those required to master this new task.This situation is an example of _______ transfer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When backing a trailer,you must turn the...

Question 20

Ebbinghaus plotted a graph that showed the amount of information remembered after varying lengths of time with this graph being called the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ebbinghaus plotted a graph that showed the...

Exam 34: Memory: Forgetting

The fact that one's memory can be influenced by the mood or bodily condition that exists at the time of learning and at the time of retrieval is known as

Regarding research on where long-term memories are stored and activated within the brain,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Katie is having trouble learning Italian because she finds that having learned German earlier makes it more difficult for her to now learn Italian,which illustrates forgetting due to retroactive interference.

The difference between learning nonsense syllables and meaningful information is

Forgetting may be due to a failure in either

A good way to prevent encoding failure is to actively think about the information to be learned,a process known as

The graphic representation of the results of Ebbinghaus' research is known as the

Discuss flashbulb memories,including examples of these memories,when and how they are formed,why they are so vivid and lasting,why people place so much confidence in these memories,even when they are wrong,and how some of these memories can emotionally handicap people.

According to the interference explanation of forgetting,which of the following statements is TRUE?

In the experiment,a rat was administered an electroconvulsive shock (ECS)after receiving a painful shock to its feet.The ECS

Janice broke up with her long-time boyfriend Chuck two months ago.Every time any memory of Chuck creeps into her mind,she consciously pushes these memories out of her mind.Janice is trying to forget "this guy" by using

Regarding suppression and repression,which of the following statements is FALSE?

The fact that many people do not know which way Lincoln is facing on the penny is probably due to encoding failure.

According to Ebbinghaus,forgetting is

José studies,stays awake for eight hours,then sleeps for eight hours.Santos studies,then sleeps eight hours,and is then awake for eight hours.Regarding the amount of forgetting that each of these students will experience,

Which of the following is an example of forgetting due to a storage problem?

If a memory is particularly emotional,as are many flashbulb memories,the process of consolidation is intensified by heightened activity in the

During your first presentation in speech class,you experienced an embarassing moment as you lost your place.It is now three weeks later,and you are about to make your second speech.As you wait your turn,you try to consciously push the diastrous first speech out of your mind.This illustrates

When backing a trailer,you must turn the steering wheel away from the direction you want the trailer to go,a situation in which the skills you developed in one situation conflict with those required to master this new task.This situation is an example of _______ transfer.

Ebbinghaus plotted a graph that showed the amount of information remembered after varying lengths of time with this graph being called the _______.

Introduction

How to Study Psychology

Introducing Psychology: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Introducing Psychology: Psychology Then and Now

Introducing Psychology: the Psychology Experiment

Introducing Psychology: Non-Experimental Research Methods

Psychology in Action: Thinking Critically About the Media

Brain and Behavior: Neurons and the Nervous System

Brain and Behavior: Brain Research

Brain and Behavior: Hemispheres and Lobes of the Cortex

Brain and Behavior: Sub-Cortex and Endocrine System

Psychology in Action: Handedness

Human Development: Heredity and Environment

Human Development: Emotional and Social Development in Childhood

Human Development: Language and Cognitive Development in Childhood

Human Development: Adolescence and Adulthood

Psychology in Action: Well-Being and Happiness

Sensation and Perception: Sensory Processes

Sensation and Perception: Vision

Sensation and Perception: The Other Senses

Sensation and Perception: Perceptual Processes

Sensation and Perception: Perception and Objectivity

Psychology in Action: Extrasensory Perception

Consciousness: States of Consciousness

Consciousness: Sleep and Dreams

Consciousness: Psychoactive Drugs

Psychology in Action: Exploring and Using Dreams

Conditioning and Learning: Types of Learning

Conditioning and Learning: Classical Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Operant Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Reinforcement and Punishment

Psychology in Action: Behavioral Self-Management

Memory: Memory Systems

Memory: Exceptional Memory and Improving Memory

Psychology in Action: Mnemonics

Cognition and Intelligence: Imagery, Concepts, and Language

Cognition and Intelligence: Problem Solving

Cognition and Intelligence: Creative Thinking and Intuition

Cognition and Intelligence: Intelligence

Psychology in Action: Enhancing Creativity

Motivation and Emotion: Overview of Motives and Emotions

Motivation and Emotion: Motivation in Detail

Motivation and Emotion: Emotion in Detail

Psychology in Action: Emotional Intelligence

Human Sexuality: Sexual Development and Orientation

Human Sexuality: Gender Development, Androgyny, and Gender Variance

Human Sexuality: Sexual Behavior, Response, and Attitudes

Psychology in Action: Sexual Problems

Personality: Overview of Personality

Personality: Trait Theories

Personality: Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories

Personality: Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Psychology in Action: Understanding Shyness

Health, Stress, and Coping: Health Psychology

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress, Frustration, and Conflict

Health, Stress, and Coping: Defenses, Helplessness, and Depression

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress and Health

Psychology in Action: Stress Management

Psychological Disorders: Normality and Psychopathology