Question 1

Long-term potentiation refers to the process in which

Accepted Answer

A) the connections between brain cells grow stronger. 
B) new memories interfere with and prevent the retrieval of old memories. 
C) molecular engrams are formed in specific parts of the brain as skills are developed. 
D) memory traces are faded or weakened. 
A) the connections between brain cells grow stronger. 
B) new memories interfere with and prevent the retrieval of old memories. 
C) molecular engrams are formed in specific parts of the brain as skills are developed. 
D) memory traces are faded or weakened.

Question 2

In the "Card Magic" demonstration,after you focused on one card out of the six,you were then shown six more cards,and your card seemed to disappear.What had actually occurred?

Accepted Answer

A) Most people tended to focus on the middle card,and this one was the one that seemed to disappear. 
B) Most people tended to focus on the second card,and this one was the one that seemed to disappear. 
C) Most people focused so intently on their choice that they did not notice that all five cards in the second presentation were new. 
D) A quick loss of memory has occurred verifying Ebbinghaus' curve of forgetting. 
A) Most people tended to focus on the middle card,and this one was the one that seemed to disappear. 
B) Most people tended to focus on the second card,and this one was the one that seemed to disappear. 
C) Most people focused so intently on their choice that they did not notice that all five cards in the second presentation were new. 
D) A quick loss of memory has occurred verifying Ebbinghaus' curve of forgetting.

Question 3

Susan has been using the new computer operating system for over six months.A friend who has an older version of the operating system calls Susan for help,since Susan used this older system for five years before getting the new one.As soon as Susan starts typing on her friend's computer,she realizes that she cannot remember specific details regarding this older operating system.Her inability to remember this older system is due to

Accepted Answer

A) memory decay. 
B) suppression. 
C) retroactive interference. 
D) proactive interference. 
A) memory decay. 
B) suppression. 
C) retroactive interference. 
D) proactive interference.

Question 4

You have just studied for a psychology test.Which of the following activities would be the LEAST likely to cause retroactive interference?

Accepted Answer

A) sleeping. 
B) watching television. 
C) writing a little on your English paper. 
D) studying for an upcoming history test. 
A) sleeping. 
B) watching television. 
C) writing a little on your English paper. 
D) studying for an upcoming history test.

Question 5

For Angela,the memory of her wedding ten years ago is a vivid,lasting,and emotionally-charged memory.This memory would be considered a(n) _______ memory.

Accepted Answer

A) eidetic 
B) acrostic 
C) implicit 
D) flashbulb 
A) eidetic 
B) acrostic 
C) implicit 
D) flashbulb

Question 6

Which of the following refers to the tendency for new memories to impair the retrieval of older memories as well as the tendency for older memories to impair one's retrieval of new memories?

Accepted Answer

A) suppression 
B) repression 
C) interference 
D) consolidation 
A) suppression 
B) repression 
C) interference 
D) consolidation

Question 7

Regarding the disuse explanation of forgetting,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) There is evidence that memories not retrieved and "used" or rehearsed become weaker over time. 
B) Disuse does not explain why we are able to recover seemingly forgotten memories through redintegration,relearning,and priming. 
C) The main cause of senility in old age is the increased failure of the elderly person to retrieve and "use" their old and new memories. 
D) Disuse offers no more than a partial explanation of long-term forgetting. 
A) There is evidence that memories not retrieved and "used" or rehearsed become weaker over time. 
B) Disuse does not explain why we are able to recover seemingly forgotten memories through redintegration,relearning,and priming. 
C) The main cause of senility in old age is the increased failure of the elderly person to retrieve and "use" their old and new memories. 
D) Disuse offers no more than a partial explanation of long-term forgetting.

Question 8

While surfing the Internet,you see an interesting website you wish to visit.So you begin typing in the URL and realize that you have already forgotten it.This fading of your short-term memory for the URL is due to the process known as

Accepted Answer

A) suppression. 
B) disuse. 
C) consolidation. 
D) memory decay. 
A) suppression. 
B) disuse. 
C) consolidation. 
D) memory decay.

Question 9

Research has found that information that people learn under the influence of a drug is best remembered when the drugged state occurs again.This laboratory experiment illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) eidetic imagery. 
B) the serial position effect. 
C) state-dependent learning. 
D) the tip-of-the-tongue state. 
A) eidetic imagery. 
B) the serial position effect. 
C) state-dependent learning. 
D) the tip-of-the-tongue state.

Question 10

Forgetting due to memory decay and disuse are examples of _______ problems.

Accepted Answer

A) encoding 
B) retrieval 
C) storage 
D) redintegration 
A) encoding 
B) retrieval 
C) storage 
D) redintegration

Question 11

Cecil,Tony,and Juan have recently joined the school's marching band and will be playing tubas.Who will most likely have an initially easier time learning to play the tuba?

Accepted Answer

A) Cecil,who was the bugler at Boy Scout camp this past summer. 
B) Tony,who can play the guitar,bass,and piano. 
C) Juan,who has never played an instrument. 
D) All three will have equal difficulty in learning to play the tuba. 
A) Cecil,who was the bugler at Boy Scout camp this past summer. 
B) Tony,who can play the guitar,bass,and piano. 
C) Juan,who has never played an instrument. 
D) All three will have equal difficulty in learning to play the tuba.

Question 12

If you park your car in a different place every day,you may forget where you parked your car due to

Accepted Answer

A) memory decay. 
B) interference. 
C) suppression. 
D) state-dependent learning. 
A) memory decay. 
B) interference. 
C) suppression. 
D) state-dependent learning.

Question 13

Although Mr.S.had to devise ways to forget unimportant information,he did make his living by wowing audiences with his ability to memorize long strings of digits,meaningless consonants,mathematical formulas,and poems in foreign languages.Mr.S was a professional memorizer,or

Accepted Answer

A) telepath. 
B) mnemonist. 
C) medium. 
D) psychic. 
A) telepath. 
B) mnemonist. 
C) medium. 
D) psychic.

Question 14

Regarding electroconvulsive shock (ECS)and consolidation,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Recent memories are more easily disrupted by ECS than older memories. 
B) ECS will cause amnesia for memories that occur up to a day after the ECS is administered. 
C) If enough time is allowed to pass between learning and ECS,the memory will be unaffected because consolidation is already complete. 
D) The part of the brain known as the hippocampus plays an important role in consolidation. 
A) Recent memories are more easily disrupted by ECS than older memories. 
B) ECS will cause amnesia for memories that occur up to a day after the ECS is administered. 
C) If enough time is allowed to pass between learning and ECS,the memory will be unaffected because consolidation is already complete. 
D) The part of the brain known as the hippocampus plays an important role in consolidation.

Question 15

Artea performs better on her college exams if she either studies in the room in which she will be tested or visualizes this room while she is studying.Artea is

Accepted Answer

A) trying to prevent memory decay of her sensory memory. 
B) trying to prevent cue-dependent forgetting. 
C) exhibiting superstitious behavior. 
D) using eidetic imagery to enhance her memory. 
A) trying to prevent memory decay of her sensory memory. 
B) trying to prevent cue-dependent forgetting. 
C) exhibiting superstitious behavior. 
D) using eidetic imagery to enhance her memory.

Question 16

When Meridith Maran thought she had recovered vivid memories of being molested by her father,she withdrew herself and her children from any further contact with him.It was not until nine years later that she realized that her "memories" were a fantasy and finally apologized to her father.Meridith Maran had experienced

Accepted Answer

A) encoding failure. 
B) implicit memory reconstruction. 
C) hypnotic age regression. 
D) false memory syndrome. 
A) encoding failure. 
B) implicit memory reconstruction. 
C) hypnotic age regression. 
D) false memory syndrome.

Question 17

Regarding drugs,electroconvulsive shocks,and long-term potentiation,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Ginko biloba has yielded disappointing results in research trials that investigating drugs to improve memory. 
B) Electrically stimulating parts of the brain involved in memory,such as the hippocampus,can increase long- term potentiation. 
C) Rats administered drugs that increase long-term potentiation could remember the correct path through a maze better than rats not given the drug. 
D) If two or more interconnected brain cells become more active at the same time,the connections between them grow stronger with the affected brain cell then responding more strongly to messages from the other cells. 
A) Ginko biloba has yielded disappointing results in research trials that investigating drugs to improve memory. 
B) Electrically stimulating parts of the brain involved in memory,such as the hippocampus,can increase long- term potentiation. 
C) Rats administered drugs that increase long-term potentiation could remember the correct path through a maze better than rats not given the drug. 
D) If two or more interconnected brain cells become more active at the same time,the connections between them grow stronger with the affected brain cell then responding more strongly to messages from the other cells.

Question 18

Sensory memory and short­term memory operate like "leaky buckets" with new information constantly pouring in,but also rapidly fading away and being replaced by still newer information.Thus,much of the forgetting that takes place in these two stages of memory occurs due to

Accepted Answer

A) redintegration. 
B) memory decay. 
C) disuse. 
D) cue-dependent forgetting. 
A) redintegration. 
B) memory decay. 
C) disuse. 
D) cue-dependent forgetting.

Question 19

The graph that shows the amount of memorized information remembered after varying lengths of time is called the

Accepted Answer

A) scatter plot of memory loss. 
B) histogram of retention. 
C) memory interference scatter plot. 
D) curve of forgetting. 
A) scatter plot of memory loss. 
B) histogram of retention. 
C) memory interference scatter plot. 
D) curve of forgetting.

Question 20

Regarding negative and positive transfer,which of the following is a FALSE statement?

Accepted Answer

A) Negative transfer is usually brief. 
B) Positive transfer occurs less often than negative transfer. 
C) Negative transfer is most likely to occur when new responses must be made to an old stimulus. 
D) The greater standardization of airplane cockpits occurred because of the many tragic crashes caused by negative transfer. 
A) Negative transfer is usually brief. 
B) Positive transfer occurs less often than negative transfer. 
C) Negative transfer is most likely to occur when new responses must be made to an old stimulus. 
D) The greater standardization of airplane cockpits occurred because of the many tragic crashes caused by negative transfer.

Exam 34: Memory: Forgetting

Long-term potentiation refers to the process in which

In the "Card Magic" demonstration,after you focused on one card out of the six,you were then shown six more cards,and your card seemed to disappear.What had actually occurred?

You have just studied for a psychology test.Which of the following activities would be the LEAST likely to cause retroactive interference?

For Angela,the memory of her wedding ten years ago is a vivid,lasting,and emotionally-charged memory.This memory would be considered a(n) _______ memory.

Which of the following refers to the tendency for new memories to impair the retrieval of older memories as well as the tendency for older memories to impair one's retrieval of new memories?

Regarding the disuse explanation of forgetting,which of the following statements is FALSE?

While surfing the Internet,you see an interesting website you wish to visit.So you begin typing in the URL and realize that you have already forgotten it.This fading of your short-term memory for the URL is due to the process known as

Research has found that information that people learn under the influence of a drug is best remembered when the drugged state occurs again.This laboratory experiment illustrates

Forgetting due to memory decay and disuse are examples of _______ problems.

Cecil,Tony,and Juan have recently joined the school's marching band and will be playing tubas.Who will most likely have an initially easier time learning to play the tuba?

If you park your car in a different place every day,you may forget where you parked your car due to

Although Mr.S.had to devise ways to forget unimportant information,he did make his living by wowing audiences with his ability to memorize long strings of digits,meaningless consonants,mathematical formulas,and poems in foreign languages.Mr.S was a professional memorizer,or

Regarding electroconvulsive shock (ECS)and consolidation,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Artea performs better on her college exams if she either studies in the room in which she will be tested or visualizes this room while she is studying.Artea is

Regarding drugs,electroconvulsive shocks,and long-term potentiation,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Sensory memory and short­term memory operate like "leaky buckets" with new information constantly pouring in,but also rapidly fading away and being replaced by still newer information.Thus,much of the forgetting that takes place in these two stages of memory occurs due to

The graph that shows the amount of memorized information remembered after varying lengths of time is called the

Regarding negative and positive transfer,which of the following is a FALSE statement?

Introduction

How to Study Psychology

Introducing Psychology: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Introducing Psychology: Psychology Then and Now

Introducing Psychology: the Psychology Experiment

Introducing Psychology: Non-Experimental Research Methods

Psychology in Action: Thinking Critically About the Media

Brain and Behavior: Neurons and the Nervous System

Brain and Behavior: Brain Research

Brain and Behavior: Hemispheres and Lobes of the Cortex

Brain and Behavior: Sub-Cortex and Endocrine System

Psychology in Action: Handedness

Human Development: Heredity and Environment

Human Development: Emotional and Social Development in Childhood

Human Development: Language and Cognitive Development in Childhood

Human Development: Adolescence and Adulthood

Psychology in Action: Well-Being and Happiness

Sensation and Perception: Sensory Processes

Sensation and Perception: Vision

Sensation and Perception: The Other Senses

Sensation and Perception: Perceptual Processes

Sensation and Perception: Perception and Objectivity

Psychology in Action: Extrasensory Perception

Consciousness: States of Consciousness

Consciousness: Sleep and Dreams

Consciousness: Psychoactive Drugs

Psychology in Action: Exploring and Using Dreams

Conditioning and Learning: Types of Learning

Conditioning and Learning: Classical Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Operant Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Reinforcement and Punishment

Psychology in Action: Behavioral Self-Management

Memory: Memory Systems

Memory: Exceptional Memory and Improving Memory

Psychology in Action: Mnemonics

Cognition and Intelligence: Imagery, Concepts, and Language

Cognition and Intelligence: Problem Solving

Cognition and Intelligence: Creative Thinking and Intuition

Cognition and Intelligence: Intelligence

Psychology in Action: Enhancing Creativity

Motivation and Emotion: Overview of Motives and Emotions

Motivation and Emotion: Motivation in Detail

Motivation and Emotion: Emotion in Detail

Psychology in Action: Emotional Intelligence

Human Sexuality: Sexual Development and Orientation

Human Sexuality: Gender Development, Androgyny, and Gender Variance

Human Sexuality: Sexual Behavior, Response, and Attitudes

Psychology in Action: Sexual Problems

Personality: Overview of Personality

Personality: Trait Theories

Personality: Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories

Personality: Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Psychology in Action: Understanding Shyness

Health, Stress, and Coping: Health Psychology

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress, Frustration, and Conflict

Health, Stress, and Coping: Defenses, Helplessness, and Depression

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress and Health

Psychology in Action: Stress Management

Psychological Disorders: Normality and Psychopathology

Psychological Disorders: Psychosis, Delusional Disorders, and Schizophrenia

Psychological Disorders: Mood Disorders

Sensory memory and shortterm memory operate like "leaky buckets" with new information constantly pouring in,but also rapidly fading away and being replaced by still newer information.Thus,much of the forgetting that takes place in these two stages of memory occurs due to