Question 1

Which of the following is provided by a language and stands for objects and ideas?

Accepted Answer

A) algorithms 
B) symbols 
C) prototypes 
D) heuristics 
A) algorithms 
B) symbols 
C) prototypes 
D) heuristics

Question 2

A young child tells his mother that "when the dog growl at me,I runned home so fast,I hurt my foots." The child's application of the normal past tense and plurals to irregular verbs and nouns illustrates the child's attempt to use

Accepted Answer

A) transformation rules. 
B) the semantic differential. 
C) disjunctive concepts. 
D) a morpheme shift. 
A) transformation rules. 
B) the semantic differential. 
C) disjunctive concepts. 
D) a morpheme shift.

Question 3

Picture-like mental representations are called

Accepted Answer

A) morphemes. 
B) images. 
C) engrams. 
D) concepts. 
A) morphemes. 
B) images. 
C) engrams. 
D) concepts.

Question 4

Two-way bilingual education eliminates the problems of subtractive bilingualism by

Accepted Answer

A) ignoring the English language until the child has proficiency in basic academics using their native language. 
B) teaching half the day in English and the other half of the day in the second language. 
C) focusing on English only for academics. 
D) immersing the child in the English language,totally eliminating the competing language. 
A) ignoring the English language until the child has proficiency in basic academics using their native language. 
B) teaching half the day in English and the other half of the day in the second language. 
C) focusing on English only for academics. 
D) immersing the child in the English language,totally eliminating the competing language.

Question 5

Steven Hawkings is a theoretical physicist who is confined to a wheelchair due to Lou Gehrig's disease and must "speak" by controlling a speech synthesizer through cheek movements.Even with this disability,Dr.Hawkings is able to continue to advance our understanding of the universe,which illustrates how our thinking abilities

Accepted Answer

A) are innate. 
B) would not be realized without learning being a continual process. 
C) are less important than our motivation to succeed. 
D) make us adaptable to situations. 
A) are innate. 
B) would not be realized without learning being a continual process. 
C) are less important than our motivation to succeed. 
D) make us adaptable to situations.

Question 6

In which programs are native speakers and children with limited English skills taught part of the day in English and part in a second language?

Accepted Answer

A) English immersion programs 
B) English as a second language programs 
C) two-way bilingual education programs 
D) This describes all of these bilingual programs. 
A) English immersion programs 
B) English as a second language programs 
C) two-way bilingual education programs 
D) This describes all of these bilingual programs.

Question 7

The prefix "Anti" is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) a phoneme. 
B) syntax. 
C) a transformation. 
D) a morpheme. 
A) a phoneme. 
B) syntax. 
C) a transformation. 
D) a morpheme.

Question 8

Which of the following guides the flow of ideas as one explains how to perform a motor activity,such as playing a guitar?

Accepted Answer

A) kinesthetic imagery 
B) visual assimilation 
C) eidetic imagery 
D) inductive conceptualization 
A) kinesthetic imagery 
B) visual assimilation 
C) eidetic imagery 
D) inductive conceptualization

Question 9

Regarding concept formation,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Children usually acquire concepts through positive and negative instances. 
B) As adults,we often acquire concepts by learning or forming rules. 
C) Rules are an efficient way to learn concepts,but examples remain important. 
D) A class of objects that have two or more features in common is called a relational concept. 
A) Children usually acquire concepts through positive and negative instances. 
B) As adults,we often acquire concepts by learning or forming rules. 
C) Rules are an efficient way to learn concepts,but examples remain important. 
D) A class of objects that have two or more features in common is called a relational concept.

Question 10

Cognition includes all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) language. 
B) problem-solving. 
C) daydreaming. 
D) reflexive actions. 
A) language. 
B) problem-solving. 
C) daydreaming. 
D) reflexive actions.

Question 11

The job criteria states that you must have a master's degree or a B.S.degree and two years of supervisory experience;thus,the job criteria is a(n) _______ concept.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The job criteria states that you must...

Question 12

The paintings of your favorite artist depict his subjective impressions rather than the exact external objects.This may be due to this artist's brain allowing him to experience sounds as colors and shapes so that he literally paints what he "sees," which illustrates the rare form of imagery known as

Accepted Answer

A) lateral perspective. 
B) sane hallucinations. 
C) synesthesia. 
D) eidetic imagery. 
A) lateral perspective. 
B) sane hallucinations. 
C) synesthesia. 
D) eidetic imagery.

Question 13

Dr.Hart is investigating how humans mentally process information,such as images,concepts,words,rules,and symbols.He would best be described as studying

Accepted Answer

A) operant conditioning. 
B) learning. 
C) cognition. 
D) proxemics. 
A) operant conditioning. 
B) learning. 
C) cognition. 
D) proxemics.

Question 14

Carol is given a beautiful,but unique glass container with a curved handle.Whether she decides that this container is a decorative vase,bowl,or cup will be determined by her comparison of this container to

Accepted Answer

A) prototypes. 
B) semantic differentials. 
C) a series of negative instances. 
D) algorithms. 
A) prototypes. 
B) semantic differentials. 
C) a series of negative instances. 
D) algorithms.

Question 15

Jeff is presented with a picture of a connected block formation and then presented with four pictures of block formations that have the same number of connected blocks but shown from different perspectives.In order for Jeff to select which one of the four perspectives matches the original block formation,he must

Accepted Answer

A) use eidetic imagery. 
B) use visual assimilation. 
C) form a three-dimensional image and rotate it. 
D) retrieve a stored image and utilize it as a disjunctive concept. 
A) use eidetic imagery. 
B) use visual assimilation. 
C) form a three-dimensional image and rotate it. 
D) retrieve a stored image and utilize it as a disjunctive concept.

Question 16

The word shot means different things when we are thinking of marksmanship,bartending,medicine,photography,or golf,which illustrates that words get much of their meaning from

Accepted Answer

A) context. 
B) grammar. 
C) prototypes. 
D) phonology. 
A) context. 
B) grammar. 
C) prototypes. 
D) phonology.

Question 17

A form of imagery in which images cross normal sense barriers,such as sounds being experienced as colors,is called

Accepted Answer

A) synesthesia. 
B) hallucinations. 
C) eidetic imagery. 
D) pseudoperceptions. 
A) synesthesia. 
B) hallucinations. 
C) eidetic imagery. 
D) pseudoperceptions.

Question 18

Cognitive psychologist Lera Boroditsky has reported that aboriginal children from Cape York,Australia,can accurately point to any compass direction as early as age five.In contrast,most Americans cannot do this even as adults.Boroditsky believes this is due to the

Accepted Answer

A) aboriginal children of Cape York developing a more refined kinesthetic imagery than the children in America. 
B) aboriginal children of Cape York using more synesthesia in their everyday problem-solving as compared to American children. 
C) tendency of the aboriginal children from Cape York to use heuristics in problem solving,while the American children tend to use algorithms for problem solving. 
D) exclusive use of absolute directional references in the language spoken by the aboriginals of Cape York as opposed to the use of relative directional references by Americans. 
A) aboriginal children of Cape York developing a more refined kinesthetic imagery than the children in America. 
B) aboriginal children of Cape York using more synesthesia in their everyday problem-solving as compared to American children. 
C) tendency of the aboriginal children from Cape York to use heuristics in problem solving,while the American children tend to use algorithms for problem solving. 
D) exclusive use of absolute directional references in the language spoken by the aboriginals of Cape York as opposed to the use of relative directional references by Americans.

Question 19

"A triangle must be a closed shape with three sides made of straight lines." This statement is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A) prototype. 
B) positive instance. 
C) conceptual rule. 
D) disjunctive concept. 
A) prototype. 
B) positive instance. 
C) conceptual rule. 
D) disjunctive concept.

Question 20

Humans live in deserts,jungles,mountains,frenzied cities,placid retreats,and space stations,which illustrates how our thinking abilities have helped us to be more

Accepted Answer

A) practical. 
B) future-oriented. 
C) communal. 
D) adaptable. 
A) practical. 
B) future-oriented. 
C) communal. 
D) adaptable.

Exam 37: Cognition and Intelligence: Imagery, Concepts, and Language

Which of the following is provided by a language and stands for objects and ideas?

A young child tells his mother that "when the dog growl at me,I runned home so fast,I hurt my foots." The child's application of the normal past tense and plurals to irregular verbs and nouns illustrates the child's attempt to use

Picture-like mental representations are called

Two-way bilingual education eliminates the problems of subtractive bilingualism by

In which programs are native speakers and children with limited English skills taught part of the day in English and part in a second language?

The prefix "Anti" is an example of

Which of the following guides the flow of ideas as one explains how to perform a motor activity,such as playing a guitar?

Regarding concept formation,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Cognition includes all of the following EXCEPT

The job criteria states that you must have a master's degree or a B.S.degree and two years of supervisory experience;thus,the job criteria is a(n) _______ concept.

Dr.Hart is investigating how humans mentally process information,such as images,concepts,words,rules,and symbols.He would best be described as studying

Carol is given a beautiful,but unique glass container with a curved handle.Whether she decides that this container is a decorative vase,bowl,or cup will be determined by her comparison of this container to

The word shot means different things when we are thinking of marksmanship,bartending,medicine,photography,or golf,which illustrates that words get much of their meaning from

A form of imagery in which images cross normal sense barriers,such as sounds being experienced as colors,is called

Cognitive psychologist Lera Boroditsky has reported that aboriginal children from Cape York,Australia,can accurately point to any compass direction as early as age five.In contrast,most Americans cannot do this even as adults.Boroditsky believes this is due to the

"A triangle must be a closed shape with three sides made of straight lines." This statement is an example of a

Humans live in deserts,jungles,mountains,frenzied cities,placid retreats,and space stations,which illustrates how our thinking abilities have helped us to be more

Introduction

How to Study Psychology

Introducing Psychology: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Introducing Psychology: Psychology Then and Now

Introducing Psychology: the Psychology Experiment

Introducing Psychology: Non-Experimental Research Methods

Psychology in Action: Thinking Critically About the Media

Brain and Behavior: Neurons and the Nervous System

Brain and Behavior: Brain Research

Brain and Behavior: Hemispheres and Lobes of the Cortex

Brain and Behavior: Sub-Cortex and Endocrine System

Psychology in Action: Handedness

Human Development: Heredity and Environment

Human Development: Emotional and Social Development in Childhood

Human Development: Language and Cognitive Development in Childhood

Human Development: Adolescence and Adulthood

Psychology in Action: Well-Being and Happiness

Sensation and Perception: Sensory Processes

Sensation and Perception: Vision

Sensation and Perception: The Other Senses

Sensation and Perception: Perceptual Processes

Sensation and Perception: Perception and Objectivity

Psychology in Action: Extrasensory Perception

Consciousness: States of Consciousness

Consciousness: Sleep and Dreams

Consciousness: Psychoactive Drugs

Psychology in Action: Exploring and Using Dreams

Conditioning and Learning: Types of Learning

Conditioning and Learning: Classical Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Operant Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Reinforcement and Punishment

Psychology in Action: Behavioral Self-Management

Memory: Memory Systems

Memory: Forgetting

Memory: Exceptional Memory and Improving Memory

Psychology in Action: Mnemonics

Cognition and Intelligence: Problem Solving

Cognition and Intelligence: Creative Thinking and Intuition

Cognition and Intelligence: Intelligence

Psychology in Action: Enhancing Creativity

Motivation and Emotion: Overview of Motives and Emotions

Motivation and Emotion: Motivation in Detail

Motivation and Emotion: Emotion in Detail

Psychology in Action: Emotional Intelligence

Human Sexuality: Sexual Development and Orientation

Human Sexuality: Gender Development, Androgyny, and Gender Variance

Human Sexuality: Sexual Behavior, Response, and Attitudes

Psychology in Action: Sexual Problems

Personality: Overview of Personality

Personality: Trait Theories

Personality: Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories

Personality: Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Psychology in Action: Understanding Shyness

Health, Stress, and Coping: Health Psychology

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress, Frustration, and Conflict

Health, Stress, and Coping: Defenses, Helplessness, and Depression

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress and Health

Psychology in Action: Stress Management

Psychological Disorders: Normality and Psychopathology

Psychological Disorders: Psychosis, Delusional Disorders, and Schizophrenia

Psychological Disorders: Mood Disorders

Psychological Disorders: Anxiety-Based Disorders and Personality Disorders