Question 1

According to Milgram,the most fundamental lesson to be learned from his study of obedience is that

Accepted Answer

A)  people are naturally predisposed to be hostile and aggressive. 
B)  even ordinary people,who are not usually hostile,can become agents of destruction. 
C)  the desire to be accepted by others is one of the strongest human motives. 
D)  people value their personal freedom and react negatively when they feel they are being coerced to do something. 
A)  people are naturally predisposed to be hostile and aggressive. 
B)  even ordinary people,who are not usually hostile,can become agents of destruction. 
C)  the desire to be accepted by others is one of the strongest human motives. 
D)  people value their personal freedom and react negatively when they feel they are being coerced to do something.

Question 2

The understood rules for acceptable and expected behavior are called

Accepted Answer

A)  social contagion. 
B)  social norms. 
C)  personal control. 
D)  mood linkage. 
A)  social contagion. 
B)  social norms. 
C)  personal control. 
D)  mood linkage.

Question 3

Jenny,Mark,Shelly,Abigail,and Nate are working on a group project for their psychology class.They will all receive the same grade for the project.While Shelly,Nate,and Abigail have been working hard on the assignment,Jenny and Mark have done very little.Which aspect of social loafing applies to Jenny and Mark's lack of work?

Accepted Answer

A)  They feel less accountable for the work. 
B)  They view their contributions as dispensable. 
C)  They have overestimated the level of their effort on the project. 
D)  They are taking a free ride on the efforts of the other members of the group. 
A)  They feel less accountable for the work. 
B)  They view their contributions as dispensable. 
C)  They have overestimated the level of their effort on the project. 
D)  They are taking a free ride on the efforts of the other members of the group.

Question 4

Individuals who believe that the death penalty should be abolished meet to discuss the issue.Research on group interaction suggests that after discussion the individuals will be

Accepted Answer

A)  even more convinced that the death penalty should be abolished. 
B)  convinced that the death penalty should be retained. 
C)  sharply divided over whether the death penalty should be abolished. 
D)  in favor of a more moderate position on the issue. 
A)  even more convinced that the death penalty should be abolished. 
B)  convinced that the death penalty should be retained. 
C)  sharply divided over whether the death penalty should be abolished. 
D)  in favor of a more moderate position on the issue.

Question 5

Marcus sees a comment on Twitter about his college basketball team,and he immediately writes very negative and verbally insulting comments to the author.This in turn causes others to send nasty messages to him and the author.The virtual anonymity provided by Twitter creates a loss of self-awareness and self-restraint called

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  social loafing. 
D)  social facilitation. 
A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  social loafing. 
D)  social facilitation.

Question 6

In 1942,German reserve police officers obeyed orders to kill some 1500 Jews in the village of Jozefow,Poland.This incident illustrated that people are most likely to be destructively obedient when

Accepted Answer

A)  they fail to realize their actions are morally wrong. 
B)  their victims are distant and depersonalized. 
C)  they perceive their orders to come from legitimate authority figures. 
D)  they derive personal satisfaction from destructive acts. 
A)  they fail to realize their actions are morally wrong. 
B)  their victims are distant and depersonalized. 
C)  they perceive their orders to come from legitimate authority figures. 
D)  they derive personal satisfaction from destructive acts.

Question 7

After she noticed that girls in her sorority wear their sorority pins every day,Mia began wearing her pin daily.Mia's behavior is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  conformity. 
B)  social facilitation. 
C)  social loafing. 
D)  group polarization. 
A)  conformity. 
B)  social facilitation. 
C)  social loafing. 
D)  group polarization.

Question 8

Ten-year-old Maria finds that her 6-month-old sister Anna will smile when Maria smiles and laugh when Maria laughs.Anna's imitation of Maria's facial expressions is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  informational social influence. 
B)  social contagion. 
C)  cognitive dissonance. 
D)  personal control. 
A)  informational social influence. 
B)  social contagion. 
C)  cognitive dissonance. 
D)  personal control.

Question 9

The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  social facilitation. 
D)  social norms. 
A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  social facilitation. 
D)  social norms.

Question 10

Solomon Asch reported that individuals conformed to a group's judgment of the lengths of lines

Accepted Answer

A)  only when the group was composed of at least six members. 
B)  even when the group judgment was clearly incorrect. 
C)  even when the group seemed uncertain and repeatedly altered its judgment. 
D)  only when members of the group were friends prior to the experiment. 
A)  only when the group was composed of at least six members. 
B)  even when the group judgment was clearly incorrect. 
C)  even when the group seemed uncertain and repeatedly altered its judgment. 
D)  only when members of the group were friends prior to the experiment.

Question 11

Jared has always held anti-abortion views.However,after joining several chat rooms with people who share his views,he has become more extreme and uncompromising in his views.His more extreme views are the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  group polarization. 
D)  deindividuation. 
A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  group polarization. 
D)  deindividuation.

Question 12

Norman Triplett observed that adolescents wound a fishing reel faster in the presence of someone working simultaneously on the same task.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  conformity. 
B)  social contagion. 
C)  social facilitation. 
D)  group polarization. 
A)  conformity. 
B)  social contagion. 
C)  social facilitation. 
D)  group polarization.

Question 13

Individuals who are normally law-abiding may vandalize and loot when they become part of a mob.This change in behavior is best understood in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  deindividuation. 
D)  mood linkage. 
A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  deindividuation. 
D)  mood linkage.

Question 14

Laurel is attending school in Japan for a semester.When she visited her host family,she quickly learned that it is bad manners to wear shoes inside a home in Japan.This "rule" is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation. 
B)  a social norm. 
C)  cognitive dissonance. 
D)  role playing. 
A)  social facilitation. 
B)  a social norm. 
C)  cognitive dissonance. 
D)  role playing.

Question 15

Nora,Ko,Ian,and May each think that Ms.Akey may be a slightly better teacher than Mr.Schwenke.After discussing why each of them believes this to be so,they all conclude that Ms.Akey is definitely a much better teacher than Mr.Schwenke.This episode provides an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  group polarization. 
D)  deindividuation. 
A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  group polarization. 
D)  deindividuation.

Question 16

How can deindividuation help explain adolescent acts of vandalism on Halloween?

Accepted Answer

A)  Halloween is typically celebrated only in individualist cultures. 
B)  Darkness,masks,and traveling in a group all provide feelings of anonymity that reduce self-awareness and inhibitions,potentially leading to irresponsible behavior. 
C)  People are less likely to behave responsibly in the presence of other people. 
D)  The feelings of anonymity produce more self-awareness. 
A)  Halloween is typically celebrated only in individualist cultures. 
B)  Darkness,masks,and traveling in a group all provide feelings of anonymity that reduce self-awareness and inhibitions,potentially leading to irresponsible behavior. 
C)  People are less likely to behave responsibly in the presence of other people. 
D)  The feelings of anonymity produce more self-awareness.

Question 17

In making wedding preparations,Jason conforms to the expectations of his future bride's family simply to win their favor.His behavior illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation. 
B)  normative social influence. 
C)  informational social influence. 
D)  the chameleon effect. 
A)  social facilitation. 
B)  normative social influence. 
C)  informational social influence. 
D)  the chameleon effect.

Question 18

After an exciting football game in which the home team loses by one point,angry fans throw bottles and begin to tear up the field.This behavior is best understood in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  groupthink. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  cognitive dissonance. 
D)  social facilitation. 
A)  groupthink. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  cognitive dissonance. 
D)  social facilitation.

Question 19

A business leader who welcomes a variety of opinions from subordinates and invites experts to critique her company's developing plans is most likely to inhibit

Accepted Answer

A)  groupthink. 
B)  cognitive dissonance. 
C)  social facilitation. 
D)  social loafing. 
A)  groupthink. 
B)  cognitive dissonance. 
C)  social facilitation. 
D)  social loafing.

Question 20

Our tendency to give in to group pressure or pressure from situations is called

Accepted Answer

A)  social control. 
B)  social facilitation. 
C)  informational social influence. 
D)  personal control. 
A)  social control. 
B)  social facilitation. 
C)  informational social influence. 
D)  personal control.

Exam 42: Coping With Stress

According to Milgram,the most fundamental lesson to be learned from his study of obedience is that

The understood rules for acceptable and expected behavior are called

Individuals who believe that the death penalty should be abolished meet to discuss the issue.Research on group interaction suggests that after discussion the individuals will be

In 1942,German reserve police officers obeyed orders to kill some 1500 Jews in the village of Jozefow,Poland.This incident illustrated that people are most likely to be destructively obedient when

After she noticed that girls in her sorority wear their sorority pins every day,Mia began wearing her pin daily.Mia's behavior is an example of

Ten-year-old Maria finds that her 6-month-old sister Anna will smile when Maria smiles and laugh when Maria laughs.Anna's imitation of Maria's facial expressions is an example of

The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of

Solomon Asch reported that individuals conformed to a group's judgment of the lengths of lines

Jared has always held anti-abortion views.However,after joining several chat rooms with people who share his views,he has become more extreme and uncompromising in his views.His more extreme views are the result of

Norman Triplett observed that adolescents wound a fishing reel faster in the presence of someone working simultaneously on the same task.This best illustrates

Individuals who are normally law-abiding may vandalize and loot when they become part of a mob.This change in behavior is best understood in terms of

Laurel is attending school in Japan for a semester.When she visited her host family,she quickly learned that it is bad manners to wear shoes inside a home in Japan.This "rule" is an example of

Nora,Ko,Ian,and May each think that Ms.Akey may be a slightly better teacher than Mr.Schwenke.After discussing why each of them believes this to be so,they all conclude that Ms.Akey is definitely a much better teacher than Mr.Schwenke.This episode provides an example of

How can deindividuation help explain adolescent acts of vandalism on Halloween?

In making wedding preparations,Jason conforms to the expectations of his future bride's family simply to win their favor.His behavior illustrates the importance of

After an exciting football game in which the home team loses by one point,angry fans throw bottles and begin to tear up the field.This behavior is best understood in terms of

A business leader who welcomes a variety of opinions from subordinates and invites experts to critique her company's developing plans is most likely to inhibit

Our tendency to give in to group pressure or pressure from situations is called

The History and Scope of Psychology

Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Research Strategies: How Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions

Neural and Hormonal Systems

The Brain

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Environmental Influences on Behavior, and Reflections on Nature and Nurture

Prenatal Development and the Newborn

Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

Adulthood, and Reflections on Developmental Issues

Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Vision

Hearing

Other Senses

Perceptual Organization

Perceptual Interpretation

Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

Learning by Observation

Introduction to Memory

Encoding: Getting Information In

Storage: Retaining Information

Retrieval: Getting Information Out

Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Applying Memory Principles to Your Own Education

Thinking

Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Introduction to Motivation

Hunger

Sexual Motivation and the Need to Belong

Motivation at Work

Introduction to Emotion

Experienced Emotion

Expressed Emotion

Stress and Illness

Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Humanistic Perspective

Contemporary Research on Personality

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative and Personality Disorders

Mood Disorders

Schizophrenia

The Psychological Therapies

Evaluating Psychotherapies

The Biomedical Therapies

Social Thinking

Appendix

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