Question 1

Research suggests that during early and middle adulthood

Accepted Answer

A)  crystallized intelligence increases and fluid intelligence decreases. 
B)  crystallized intelligence decreases and fluid intelligence increases. 
C)  crystallized intelligence increases and fluid intelligence increases. 
D)  crystallized intelligence decreases and fluid intelligence decreases. 
A)  crystallized intelligence increases and fluid intelligence decreases. 
B)  crystallized intelligence decreases and fluid intelligence increases. 
C)  crystallized intelligence increases and fluid intelligence increases. 
D)  crystallized intelligence decreases and fluid intelligence decreases.

Question 2

The stability of children's intelligence test scores over time is most positively correlated with their

Accepted Answer

A)  chronological age. 
B)  mental age. 
C)  fluid intelligence. 
D)  crystallized intelligence. 
A)  chronological age. 
B)  mental age. 
C)  fluid intelligence. 
D)  crystallized intelligence.

Question 3

A cross-sectional study is research that

Accepted Answer

A)  follows and retests the same people over time. 
B)  compares people of different ages at the same point in time. 
C)  assesses different characteristics of a given individual at the same point in time. 
D)  involves different researchers assessing the behavior of a group. 
A)  follows and retests the same people over time. 
B)  compares people of different ages at the same point in time. 
C)  assesses different characteristics of a given individual at the same point in time. 
D)  involves different researchers assessing the behavior of a group.

Question 4

"Gifted child" programs can lead to ________ by implicitly labeling some students as "ungifted" and isolating them from an enriched educational environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  Down syndrome 
B)  intellectual disability 
C)  the Flynn effect 
D)  self-fulfilling prophecies 
A)  Down syndrome 
B)  intellectual disability 
C)  the Flynn effect 
D)  self-fulfilling prophecies

Question 5

Researchers assessed the stability of SAT scores by repeatedly giving the test to the same group of individuals over a 6-year period.The procedure used in this research best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  a cohort study. 
B)  a longitudinal study. 
C)  a correlational study 
D)  a cross-sectional study. 
A)  a cohort study. 
B)  a longitudinal study. 
C)  a correlational study 
D)  a cross-sectional study.

Question 6

Terman observed that children with IQ scores over 135 are likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  be athletically uncoordinated. 
B)  be academically successful. 
C)  have Down syndrome. 
D)  have low fluid intelligence. 
A)  be athletically uncoordinated. 
B)  be academically successful. 
C)  have Down syndrome. 
D)  have low fluid intelligence.

Question 7

Down syndrome is a disorder of varying severity caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  prenatal viral infections. 
B)  parental neglect during infancy. 
C)  an extra copy of chromosome 21. 
D)  a lack of sufficient oxygen at the time of birth. 
A)  prenatal viral infections. 
B)  parental neglect during infancy. 
C)  an extra copy of chromosome 21. 
D)  a lack of sufficient oxygen at the time of birth.

Question 8

A person's ability to reason speedily and abstractly (for example,in solving novel logic problems)decreases slowly up to about age 75,then more rapidly,especially after age 85.This type of ability is also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  general intelligence. 
B)  emotional intelligence. 
C)  crystallized intelligence. 
D)  fluid intelligence. 
A)  general intelligence. 
B)  emotional intelligence. 
C)  crystallized intelligence. 
D)  fluid intelligence.

Question 9

To be diagnosed with an intellectual disability,guidelines specify performance on an intelligence test of approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  100 or below. 
B)  90 or below. 
C)  80 or below. 
D)  70 or below. 
A)  100 or below. 
B)  90 or below. 
C)  80 or below. 
D)  70 or below.

Question 10

Which of the following terms refers to a person's accumulated knowledge and verbal skills?

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid intelligence 
B)  longitudinal intelligence 
C)  cohort intelligence 
D)  crystallized intelligence 
A)  fluid intelligence 
B)  longitudinal intelligence 
C)  cohort intelligence 
D)  crystallized intelligence

Question 11

Which of the following was NOT one of the reasons Deary proposed to explain why those with higher intelligence tend to be healthier and live longer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intelligence facilitates more education,better jobs,and a healthier environment. 
B)  Intelligence encourages healthy living. 
C)  Illnesses in adolescence and early adulthood might have influenced both intelligence and health. 
D)  A well-wired body fosters intelligence and longevity. 
A)  Intelligence facilitates more education,better jobs,and a healthier environment. 
B)  Intelligence encourages healthy living. 
C)  Illnesses in adolescence and early adulthood might have influenced both intelligence and health. 
D)  A well-wired body fosters intelligence and longevity.

Question 12

When Luke was 17 years old,his intelligence test score was below 98 percent of test-takers.Now at the age of 23,he needs adult supervision because he is not able to adapt to the normal demands of independent living.Luke most clearly meets the requirements for being assigned a diagnosis of

Accepted Answer

A)  Down syndrome. 
B)  autism spectrum disorder. 
C)  intellectual disability. 
D)  savant syndrome. 
A)  Down syndrome. 
B)  autism spectrum disorder. 
C)  intellectual disability. 
D)  savant syndrome.

Question 13

Terman's studies of 1500 California children with IQ scores over 135 indicated that these high-scoring children

Accepted Answer

A)  were well-adjusted. 
B)  had,in several cases,won Nobel Prizes. 
C)  lacked creativity. 
D)  received lower-than-average math grades. 
A)  were well-adjusted. 
B)  had,in several cases,won Nobel Prizes. 
C)  lacked creativity. 
D)  received lower-than-average math grades.

Question 14

Different age groups are tested at the same point in time in a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  longitudinal study. 
B)  cohort study. 
C)  cross-sectional study. 
D)  intelligence test. 
A)  longitudinal study. 
B)  cohort study. 
C)  cross-sectional study. 
D)  intelligence test.

Question 15

Mr.and Mrs.Vernays are parents of an adult child who received a diagnosis of intellectual disability.It is most likely that their child

Accepted Answer

A)  is unusually creative. 
B)  received an intelligence test score between 80 and 100. 
C)  was born with a missing chromosome. 
D)  has difficulty adapting to the demands of independent adult life. 
A)  is unusually creative. 
B)  received an intelligence test score between 80 and 100. 
C)  was born with a missing chromosome. 
D)  has difficulty adapting to the demands of independent adult life.

Question 16

An IQ of approximately 70 or below and difficulty adapting to the normal demands of life is most clearly an indication of

Accepted Answer

A)  gifted intelligence. 
B)  crystallized intelligence. 
C)  fluid intelligence. 
D)  an intellectual disability. 
A)  gifted intelligence. 
B)  crystallized intelligence. 
C)  fluid intelligence. 
D)  an intellectual disability.

Question 17

Professor Smith has been studying the development of moral reasoning in a group of people over the last 30 years.All of her participants were 1 year old when she began her study.She intends to hand off her study to a younger researcher in the department after she retires next year.Professor Smith is conducting a

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid study. 
B)  longitudinal study. 
C)  cross-sectional study. 
D)  cohort study. 
A)  fluid study. 
B)  longitudinal study. 
C)  cross-sectional study. 
D)  cohort study.

Question 18

Comparing the intelligence test scores among people from distinctly different age cohorts requires

Accepted Answer

A)  crystallized intelligence. 
B)  cross-sectional studies. 
C)  correlational studies. 
D)  longitudinal studies. 
A)  crystallized intelligence. 
B)  cross-sectional studies. 
C)  correlational studies. 
D)  longitudinal studies.

Question 19

Crystallized intelligence refers most directly to a person's

Accepted Answer

A)  accumulated knowledge and verbal skills. 
B)  ability to reason speedily and abstractly. 
C)  capacity for fluid intelligence. 
D)  willingness to revise beliefs in light of new information. 
A)  accumulated knowledge and verbal skills. 
B)  ability to reason speedily and abstractly. 
C)  capacity for fluid intelligence. 
D)  willingness to revise beliefs in light of new information.

Question 20

Which of the following individuals does NOT meet the criteria for the diagnosis for intellectual disability?

Accepted Answer

A)  21-year-old Jack has Down syndrome and lives in a residential facility. 
B)  Thomas has an IQ of 80 and is able to live on his own with some help from his family. 
C)  14-year-old Jujuan has extreme difficulty with language and cannot read,cannot follow basic rules,and needs help with his personal hygiene. 
D)  25-year-old Christine has an IQ of 65 and lives at home,where she receives much assistance with learning practical and social skills. 
A)  21-year-old Jack has Down syndrome and lives in a residential facility. 
B)  Thomas has an IQ of 80 and is able to live on his own with some help from his family. 
C)  14-year-old Jujuan has extreme difficulty with language and cannot read,cannot follow basic rules,and needs help with his personal hygiene. 
D)  25-year-old Christine has an IQ of 65 and lives at home,where she receives much assistance with learning practical and social skills.

Exam 30: Language and Thought

Research suggests that during early and middle adulthood

The stability of children's intelligence test scores over time is most positively correlated with their

A cross-sectional study is research that

"Gifted child" programs can lead to ________ by implicitly labeling some students as "ungifted" and isolating them from an enriched educational environment.

Researchers assessed the stability of SAT scores by repeatedly giving the test to the same group of individuals over a 6-year period.The procedure used in this research best illustrates

Terman observed that children with IQ scores over 135 are likely to

Down syndrome is a disorder of varying severity caused by

A person's ability to reason speedily and abstractly (for example,in solving novel logic problems)decreases slowly up to about age 75,then more rapidly,especially after age 85.This type of ability is also known as

To be diagnosed with an intellectual disability,guidelines specify performance on an intelligence test of approximately

Which of the following terms refers to a person's accumulated knowledge and verbal skills?

Which of the following was NOT one of the reasons Deary proposed to explain why those with higher intelligence tend to be healthier and live longer?

When Luke was 17 years old,his intelligence test score was below 98 percent of test-takers.Now at the age of 23,he needs adult supervision because he is not able to adapt to the normal demands of independent living.Luke most clearly meets the requirements for being assigned a diagnosis of

Terman's studies of 1500 California children with IQ scores over 135 indicated that these high-scoring children

Different age groups are tested at the same point in time in a(n)

Mr.and Mrs.Vernays are parents of an adult child who received a diagnosis of intellectual disability.It is most likely that their child

An IQ of approximately 70 or below and difficulty adapting to the normal demands of life is most clearly an indication of

Comparing the intelligence test scores among people from distinctly different age cohorts requires

Crystallized intelligence refers most directly to a person's

Which of the following individuals does NOT meet the criteria for the diagnosis for intellectual disability?

The History and Scope of Psychology

Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Research Strategies: How Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions

Neural and Hormonal Systems

The Brain

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Environmental Influences on Behavior, and Reflections on Nature and Nurture

Prenatal Development and the Newborn

Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

Adulthood, and Reflections on Developmental Issues

Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Vision

Hearing

Other Senses

Perceptual Organization

Perceptual Interpretation

Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

Learning by Observation

Introduction to Memory

Encoding: Getting Information In

Storage: Retaining Information

Retrieval: Getting Information Out

Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Applying Memory Principles to Your Own Education

Thinking

Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Introduction to Motivation

Hunger

Sexual Motivation and the Need to Belong

Motivation at Work

Introduction to Emotion

Experienced Emotion

Expressed Emotion

Stress and Illness

Coping With Stress

Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Humanistic Perspective

Contemporary Research on Personality

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative and Personality Disorders

Mood Disorders

Schizophrenia

The Psychological Therapies

Evaluating Psychotherapies

The Biomedical Therapies

Social Thinking

Appendix

Filters