Question 1

As you traveled through a prokaryotic cell from outside to inside, in what order would you encounter the following layers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phospholipid bilayer, slimy polysaccharide layer, peptidoglycan layer, polysaccharide-rich phospholipid membrane 
B)  Peptidoglycan layer, polysaccharide-rich phospholipid membrane, slimy polysaccharide layer, phospholipid bilayer 
C)  Slimy polysaccharide layer, polysaccharide-rich phospholipid membrane, peptidoglycan layer, phospholipid bilayer 
D)  Polysaccharide-rich phospholipid membrane, peptidoglycan layer, phospholipid bilayer, slimy polysaccharide layer 
E)  Slimy polysaccharide layer, phospholipid bilayer, peptidoglycan layer, polysaccharide-rich phospholipid membrane 
A)  Phospholipid bilayer, slimy polysaccharide layer, peptidoglycan layer, polysaccharide-rich phospholipid membrane 
B)  Peptidoglycan layer, polysaccharide-rich phospholipid membrane, slimy polysaccharide layer, phospholipid bilayer 
C)  Slimy polysaccharide layer, polysaccharide-rich phospholipid membrane, peptidoglycan layer, phospholipid bilayer 
D)  Polysaccharide-rich phospholipid membrane, peptidoglycan layer, phospholipid bilayer, slimy polysaccharide layer 
E)  Slimy polysaccharide layer, phospholipid bilayer, peptidoglycan layer, polysaccharide-rich phospholipid membrane

Question 2

The semirigid structure that supports the plant cell and determines its shape is the

Accepted Answer

A)  capsule. 
B)  flagellum. 
C)  cell wall. 
D)  cytosol. 
E)  cytoplasm. 
A)  capsule. 
B)  flagellum. 
C)  cell wall. 
D)  cytosol. 
E)  cytoplasm.

Question 3

A girl who grew up on a farm observed many animal births and deaths.As a result, she became fascinated with the question "What is life"? She decided to pursue this question by studying cell biology in college.What rationale can be used to explain why this course of study was a valid choice to satisfy the student's interests?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells are easier to study than multicellular animals due to their smaller size. 
B)  Concepts taught in cell biology are easier for students new to college to understand. 
C)  It is not possible to understand the physiologies of large animals without first learning cell biology. 
D)  All characteristics of life apply in the same way to cells as they do to larger organisms. 
E)  Cell biology will prepare the student for biology classes where she will find the answer to her question. 
A)  Cells are easier to study than multicellular animals due to their smaller size. 
B)  Concepts taught in cell biology are easier for students new to college to understand. 
C)  It is not possible to understand the physiologies of large animals without first learning cell biology. 
D)  All characteristics of life apply in the same way to cells as they do to larger organisms. 
E)  Cell biology will prepare the student for biology classes where she will find the answer to her question.

Question 4

Some bacteria are able to propel themselves through liquid by means of a structure called the

Accepted Answer

A)  flagellum. 
B)  pilus. 
C)  cytoplasm. 
D)  cell wall. 
E)  peptidoglycan molecule. 
A)  flagellum. 
B)  pilus. 
C)  cytoplasm. 
D)  cell wall. 
E)  peptidoglycan molecule.

Question 5

The cytoskeleton consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  cilia, flagella, and microfilaments. 
B)  cilia, microtubules, and microfilaments. 
C)  internal cell walls. 
D)  microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments. 
E)  calcified microtubules. 
A)  cilia, flagella, and microfilaments. 
B)  cilia, microtubules, and microfilaments. 
C)  internal cell walls. 
D)  microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments. 
E)  calcified microtubules.

Question 6

Hair and some intermediate filaments are composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  microtubules. 
B)  microfilaments. 
C)  collagen. 
D)  proteoglycans. 
E)  keratin. 
A)  microtubules. 
B)  microfilaments. 
C)  collagen. 
D)  proteoglycans. 
E)  keratin.

Question 7

The role of a certain cell in an organism is to secrete a protein.Create a flowchart that traces the production of that protein from the nucleus through all necessary organelles to the point of release from the cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The role of a certain cell in...

Question 8

Membrane-bound organelles are present in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes.These structures

Accepted Answer

A)  provide structural support for the eukaryotic cell. 
B)  decrease the flow of materials into and out of the eukaryotic cell. 
C)  increase the efficiency of cellular activities in eukaryotes. 
D)  provide a means of cellular reproduction in eukaryotes. 
E)  regulate the flow of traffic inside the eukaryotic cell. 
A)  provide structural support for the eukaryotic cell. 
B)  decrease the flow of materials into and out of the eukaryotic cell. 
C)  increase the efficiency of cellular activities in eukaryotes. 
D)  provide a means of cellular reproduction in eukaryotes. 
E)  regulate the flow of traffic inside the eukaryotic cell.

Question 9

Proteins packaged by the Golgi apparatus are delivered to the correct location by means of

Accepted Answer

A)  identifying proteins embedded in the vesicle membrane. 
B)  the general flow of vesicles within the cell. 
C)  the control provided by the nucleus. 
D)  motor proteins that direct the Golgi apparatus. 
E)  microfilaments. 
A)  identifying proteins embedded in the vesicle membrane. 
B)  the general flow of vesicles within the cell. 
C)  the control provided by the nucleus. 
D)  motor proteins that direct the Golgi apparatus. 
E)  microfilaments.

Question 10

Refer to the figure below showing a prokaryotic cell.   What are two fundamental differences between all prokaryotic cells and all eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

First, a prokaryotic cell has a nucleoid

Question 11

Refer to the diagram of a plant cell below.   The structure that takes up the largest amount of space in the cell is a _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the diagram of a plant...

Question 12

Which is an observation that supports the theory of endosymbiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis. 
B)  Chloroplasts divide independently of the nucleus. 
C)  Mitochondria are present in large numbers in some cells. 
D)  Mitochondria are found in both plant and animal cells. 
E)  Plastids are organelles found only in plant cells. 
A)  Chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis. 
B)  Chloroplasts divide independently of the nucleus. 
C)  Mitochondria are present in large numbers in some cells. 
D)  Mitochondria are found in both plant and animal cells. 
E)  Plastids are organelles found only in plant cells.

Question 13

One benefit of scanning electron microscopy is that it enables researchers

Accepted Answer

A)  to observe cells dividing. 
B)  to determine the age of a cell. 
C)  to visualize 3-D topography of a cell or tissue sample. 
D)  to sequence DNA molecules. 
E)  to follow metabolic reactions inside cells. 
A)  to observe cells dividing. 
B)  to determine the age of a cell. 
C)  to visualize 3-D topography of a cell or tissue sample. 
D)  to sequence DNA molecules. 
E)  to follow metabolic reactions inside cells.

Question 14

A new protein with a molecular weight of 25,000 Da is discovered and found to reside only in the nucleus.For this to happen, the protein must

Accepted Answer

A)  be made in the nucleolus. 
B)  be transported across the nuclear envelope. 
C)  contain a large number of hydrophobic amino acids. 
D)  exist in a denatured state. 
E)  be synthesized by a unique mechanism. 
A)  be made in the nucleolus. 
B)  be transported across the nuclear envelope. 
C)  contain a large number of hydrophobic amino acids. 
D)  exist in a denatured state. 
E)  be synthesized by a unique mechanism.

Question 15

Which is not a component of the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  Lysosome 
E)  Plastid 
A)  Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  Lysosome 
E)  Plastid

Question 16

Refer to the figure below.   Which letter is paired with the correct label?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 = cell wall 
B)  2 = flagellum 
C)  4 = capsule 
D)  5 = nucleoid 
E)  7 = chromosome 
A)  1 = cell wall 
B)  2 = flagellum 
C)  4 = capsule 
D)  5 = nucleoid 
E)  7 = chromosome

Question 17

Researchers studying a proteolytic enzyme observed that it could not be found free in the cytoplasm but was localized inside lysosomes within the cytoplasm.This compartmentalization of proteolytic enzymes _______ the cell against unwanted digestion of cytoplasmic proteins.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Researchers studying a proteolytic enzyme observed that...

Question 18

Which cell carries out the most chemical activity within a minute (all else being equal)?

Accepted Answer

A)  A spherical cell 1 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10m in diameter 
B)  A spherical cell 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10m in diameter 
C)  A spherical cell 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10m in diameter 
D)  A spherical cell 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10m in diameter 
E)  A nonspherical cell of any diameter 
A)  A spherical cell 1 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10m in diameter 
B)  A spherical cell 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10m in diameter 
C)  A spherical cell 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10m in diameter 
D)  A spherical cell 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10m in diameter 
E)  A nonspherical cell of any diameter

Question 19

Microtubules are composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  α- and β-tubulin. 
B)  δ- and λ-actin. 
C)  ρ- and σ-myosin. 
D)  κ tubules. 
E)  κ actinomin. 
A)  α- and β-tubulin. 
B)  δ- and λ-actin. 
C)  ρ- and σ-myosin. 
D)  κ tubules. 
E)  κ actinomin.

Question 20

Cells that are active in movement and growth and require the most chemical energy typically have large numbers or amounts of

Accepted Answer

A)  rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  mitochondria. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
E)  lysosomes. 
A)  rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  mitochondria. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
E)  lysosomes.

Exam 5: Cells: the Working Units of Life

As you traveled through a prokaryotic cell from outside to inside, in what order would you encounter the following layers?

The semirigid structure that supports the plant cell and determines its shape is the

Some bacteria are able to propel themselves through liquid by means of a structure called the

The cytoskeleton consists of

Hair and some intermediate filaments are composed of

The role of a certain cell in an organism is to secrete a protein.Create a flowchart that traces the production of that protein from the nucleus through all necessary organelles to the point of release from the cell.

Membrane-bound organelles are present in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes.These structures

Proteins packaged by the Golgi apparatus are delivered to the correct location by means of

Refer to the figure below showing a prokaryotic cell. What are two fundamental differences between all prokaryotic cells and all eukaryotic cells?

Refer to the diagram of a plant cell below. The structure that takes up the largest amount of space in the cell is a _______.

Which is an observation that supports the theory of endosymbiosis?

One benefit of scanning electron microscopy is that it enables researchers

A new protein with a molecular weight of 25,000 Da is discovered and found to reside only in the nucleus.For this to happen, the protein must

Which is not a component of the endomembrane system?

Refer to the figure below. Which letter is paired with the correct label?

Researchers studying a proteolytic enzyme observed that it could not be found free in the cytoplasm but was localized inside lysosomes within the cytoplasm.This compartmentalization of proteolytic enzymes _______ the cell against unwanted digestion of cytoplasmic proteins.

Which cell carries out the most chemical activity within a minute (all else being equal)?

Microtubules are composed of

Cells that are active in movement and growth and require the most chemical energy typically have large numbers or amounts of

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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