Question 1

Refer to the diagram below.   The diagram illustrates the early steps in the evolution of eukaryotes according to the theory of _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the diagram below.  ...

Question 2

In symbiotic relationships, each organism provides the other with something.Use your knowledge of organelle function to suggest what the original chloroplast and mitochondrial symbionts might have provided for and received from the host eukaryotic cell.

Accepted Answer

Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are i

Question 3

Which protein is not part of the structure of a cilium?

Accepted Answer

A)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-tubulin 
B)  Keratin 
C)  Nexin 
D)  Dynein 
E)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-tubulin 
A)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-tubulin 
B)  Keratin 
C)  Nexin 
D)  Dynein 
E)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-tubulin

Question 4

Refer to the diagram of a cell below.   Based on the presence of the large structure occupying most of the cell, the cell can be classified as a(n) _______ cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial 
B)  plant 
C)  animal 
D)  archaeal 
E)  human 
A)  bacterial 
B)  plant 
C)  animal 
D)  archaeal 
E)  human

Question 5

In your biology course, your professor gives you a sample of cells and tells you that they can only be prokaryotic cells.What characteristics identify them definitively as prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A prokaryote has a nucleoid region inste

Question 6

Starch molecules are stored inside

Accepted Answer

A)  chromoplasts. 
B)  peroxisomes. 
C)  chloroplasts. 
D)  glyoxysomes. 
E)  amyloplasts. 
A)  chromoplasts. 
B)  peroxisomes. 
C)  chloroplasts. 
D)  glyoxysomes. 
E)  amyloplasts.

Question 7

Refer to the figure below.   Which statement accurately classifies the two cells and provides correct reasons for the classifications?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell A and cell B are both prokaryotes, because each is surrounded by a cell membrane and DNA is located in each cell interior. 
B)  Cell A and cell B are both eukaryotes, because ribosomes are present in each cell's cytoplasm. 
C)  Cell A and cell B are both eukaryotes, because they have about equal amounts of DNA in their nuclei. 
D)  Cell B is a eukaryote and cell A is a prokaryote, because cell B contains a cell wall and cell A does not. 
E)  Cell A is a eukaryote and cell B is a prokaryote, because cell A contains membrane-bound organelles and internal membranes and cell B does not. 
A)  Cell A and cell B are both prokaryotes, because each is surrounded by a cell membrane and DNA is located in each cell interior. 
B)  Cell A and cell B are both eukaryotes, because ribosomes are present in each cell's cytoplasm. 
C)  Cell A and cell B are both eukaryotes, because they have about equal amounts of DNA in their nuclei. 
D)  Cell B is a eukaryote and cell A is a prokaryote, because cell B contains a cell wall and cell A does not. 
E)  Cell A is a eukaryote and cell B is a prokaryote, because cell A contains membrane-bound organelles and internal membranes and cell B does not.

Question 8

Membrane-bound compartments with distinctive shapes and functions are termed _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Membrane-bound compartments with distinctive shapes and functions...

Question 9

Which structure is not surrounded by one or more membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosome 
B)  Chloroplast 
C)  Mitochondrion 
D)  Peroxisome 
E)  Vacuole 
A)  Ribosome 
B)  Chloroplast 
C)  Mitochondrion 
D)  Peroxisome 
E)  Vacuole

Question 10

Which plant cell structure likely has the greatest volume?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glyoxysome 
B)  Lysosome 
C)  Nucleus 
D)  Mitochondrion 
E)  Vacuole 
A)  Glyoxysome 
B)  Lysosome 
C)  Nucleus 
D)  Mitochondrion 
E)  Vacuole

Question 11

The _______ theory proposes that some organelles originated when one cell ingested another cell, creating a mutually beneficial relationship.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ theory proposes that some organelles...

Question 12

Chromatin is a series of entangled threads composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  microtubules. 
B)  DNA and protein. 
C)  fibrous proteins. 
D)  cytoskeleton. 
E)  membranes. 
A)  microtubules. 
B)  DNA and protein. 
C)  fibrous proteins. 
D)  cytoskeleton. 
E)  membranes.

Question 13

The _______ is an organelle that processes, packages, and sends proteins to various destinations in the cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ is an organelle that processes,...

Question 14

Which lab procedure is the best to use to determine whether a newly discovered single-celled organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Search for the presence of membrane-bound structures within the cell, using transmission electron microscopy. 
B)  Determine the molecular makeup of the organism's cell membrane, using chemical analysis. 
C)  Stain cells with a ribosome-specific stain, and then use light microscopy to assess whether ribosomes are present or absent in the cells. 
D)  Use biochemical methods to determine whether the organism has a cell wall and is also capable of carrying out photosynthesis. 
E)  Use analytical techniques to determine the number of genes encoded in the organism's DNA. 
A)  Search for the presence of membrane-bound structures within the cell, using transmission electron microscopy. 
B)  Determine the molecular makeup of the organism's cell membrane, using chemical analysis. 
C)  Stain cells with a ribosome-specific stain, and then use light microscopy to assess whether ribosomes are present or absent in the cells. 
D)  Use biochemical methods to determine whether the organism has a cell wall and is also capable of carrying out photosynthesis. 
E)  Use analytical techniques to determine the number of genes encoded in the organism's DNA.

Question 15

Refer to the figure below.   The villi of the small intestine are lined with epithelial cells that absorb nutrients from digested food on one side and transfer these nutrients into the blood on the other side.Which cell shown in the figure would be most efficient as an epithelial cell in the intestinal villi, and why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell B because it has a greater volume than cell A. 
B)  Cell A because its volume is greater than its surface area. 
C)  Cell B because it has a greater surface area than cell A. 
D)  Cell A because it has a larger surface area-to-volume ratio than cell B. 
E)  Cell B because it has a larger overall size than cell A. 
A)  Cell B because it has a greater volume than cell A. 
B)  Cell A because its volume is greater than its surface area. 
C)  Cell B because it has a greater surface area than cell A. 
D)  Cell A because it has a larger surface area-to-volume ratio than cell B. 
E)  Cell B because it has a larger overall size than cell A.

Question 16

Some people develop such breakdown and wear to joints that they no longer function properly.Physicians can surgically replace these joints with artificial joints.However, after surgery the artificial joints tend to come loose from their attachment points over time unless they are covered with biological coatings that contain proteins present in the human extracellular matrix.Which function of the extracellular matrix is highlighted in this instance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Filtration of materials passing between different tissues 
B)  Orientation of cell movements during development 
C)  Strengthening of bone, cartilage, and skin 
D)  Recognition of cells and cell-to-cell adhesion 
E)  Providing a medium for chemical signals to move between cells 
A)  Filtration of materials passing between different tissues 
B)  Orientation of cell movements during development 
C)  Strengthening of bone, cartilage, and skin 
D)  Recognition of cells and cell-to-cell adhesion 
E)  Providing a medium for chemical signals to move between cells

Question 17

The shape of the nucleus is maintained by a protein meshwork called the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The shape of the nucleus is maintained...

Question 18

Some proteins on the surface of a mammalian cell contain carbohydrates.These proteins are synthesized by _______ and the sugars are added in the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondrial ribosomes; smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum; Golgi apparatus 
C)  cytoplasmic ribosomes; smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  the Golgi apparatus; rough endoplasmic reticulum 
E)  cytoplasmic ribosomes; plasma membrane 
A)  mitochondrial ribosomes; smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum; Golgi apparatus 
C)  cytoplasmic ribosomes; smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  the Golgi apparatus; rough endoplasmic reticulum 
E)  cytoplasmic ribosomes; plasma membrane

Question 19

While using electron microscopy to examine the cell membrane of a bacterium, you have discovered the presence of a complex motor protein assembly.You do not find any evidence of a proper flagellum.You can conclude that the bacterium most likely has lost its ability to make

Accepted Answer

A)  flagellin. 
B)  tubulin. 
C)  actin. 
D)  keratin. 
E)  myosin. 
A)  flagellin. 
B)  tubulin. 
C)  actin. 
D)  keratin. 
E)  myosin.

Question 20

What are the functions of a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

The cell membrane acts as a selectively

Exam 5: Cells: the Working Units of Life

Refer to the diagram below. The diagram illustrates the early steps in the evolution of eukaryotes according to the theory of _______.

In symbiotic relationships, each organism provides the other with something.Use your knowledge of organelle function to suggest what the original chloroplast and mitochondrial symbionts might have provided for and received from the host eukaryotic cell.

Which protein is not part of the structure of a cilium?

Refer to the diagram of a cell below. Based on the presence of the large structure occupying most of the cell, the cell can be classified as a(n) _______ cell.

In your biology course, your professor gives you a sample of cells and tells you that they can only be prokaryotic cells.What characteristics identify them definitively as prokaryotic cells?

Starch molecules are stored inside

Refer to the figure below. Which statement accurately classifies the two cells and provides correct reasons for the classifications?

Membrane-bound compartments with distinctive shapes and functions are termed _______.

Which structure is not surrounded by one or more membranes?

Which plant cell structure likely has the greatest volume?

The _______ theory proposes that some organelles originated when one cell ingested another cell, creating a mutually beneficial relationship.

Chromatin is a series of entangled threads composed of

The _______ is an organelle that processes, packages, and sends proteins to various destinations in the cell.

Which lab procedure is the best to use to determine whether a newly discovered single-celled organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

The shape of the nucleus is maintained by a protein meshwork called the _______.

Some proteins on the surface of a mammalian cell contain carbohydrates.These proteins are synthesized by _______ and the sugars are added in the _______.

While using electron microscopy to examine the cell membrane of a bacterium, you have discovered the presence of a complex motor protein assembly.You do not find any evidence of a proper flagellum.You can conclude that the bacterium most likely has lost its ability to make

What are the functions of a cell membrane?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

Some proteins on the surface of a mammalian cell contain carbohydrates.These proteins are synthesized by _ and the sugars are added in the _.