Question 1

Of the following structures of an animal cell, the one with the largest volume is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cilium. 
B)  mitochondrion. 
C)  lysosome. 
D)  nucleus. 
E)  ribosome. 
A)  cilium. 
B)  mitochondrion. 
C)  lysosome. 
D)  nucleus. 
E)  ribosome.

Question 2

Which structure is involved in the breakdown of food particles by an animal cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  Cytoskeleton 
C)  Secondary lysosome 
D)  Ribosome 
E)  Mitochondrion 
A)  Endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  Cytoskeleton 
C)  Secondary lysosome 
D)  Ribosome 
E)  Mitochondrion

Question 3

Patients with diabetes mellitus can develop excess fibrous material in and around various organs, including the heart and kidneys.This fibrotic growth can reduce effectiveness of function in these organs, eventually leading to their inability to function.The table below shows data collected from a study of heart cells isolated from two groups of mice (one group was normal and the other was diabetic) and cultured under lab conditions.The data show relative levels of mRNA coding for the protein collagen in the two sets of cells.   Use these data to explain how the extracellular matrix is involved in the fibrotic growth observed in cardiac tissue in diabetic individuals.

Accepted Answer

The data show that the gene for collagen

Question 4

Compare and contrast the structures and functions of plant and animal cell extracellular matrices.

Accepted Answer

In both plants and animals, the extracel

Question 5

The surface area-to-volume ratio of a cell

Accepted Answer

A)  increases with increasing volume of the cell. 
B)  decreases with decreasing surface area of the cell. 
C)  accounts for the size limit of cells. 
D)  is of little significance in maintaining cell homeostasis. 
E)  affects how molecules are distributed across the cell. 
A)  increases with increasing volume of the cell. 
B)  decreases with decreasing surface area of the cell. 
C)  accounts for the size limit of cells. 
D)  is of little significance in maintaining cell homeostasis. 
E)  affects how molecules are distributed across the cell.

Question 6

Which statement can be used as evidence for the endosymbiosis theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondria and plastids have DNA that encodes some proteins used by the organelles. 
B)  Internal membranes are the sites of photosynthesis in photosynthetic prokaryotes. 
C)  Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles that store toxic molecules and waste products. 
D)  Compartmentalization of individual functions in separate organelles allows eukaryotes greater ability to carry out a wide diversity of functions. 
E)  In eukaryotes, the endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the nuclear envelope. 
A)  Mitochondria and plastids have DNA that encodes some proteins used by the organelles. 
B)  Internal membranes are the sites of photosynthesis in photosynthetic prokaryotes. 
C)  Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles that store toxic molecules and waste products. 
D)  Compartmentalization of individual functions in separate organelles allows eukaryotes greater ability to carry out a wide diversity of functions. 
E)  In eukaryotes, the endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the nuclear envelope.

Question 7

The organelle with many folds called cristae is the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The organelle with many folds called cristae...

Question 8

If you wanted to stop the movement of a ciliated protist in culture, you could incubate it in a substance that inhibits

Accepted Answer

A)  flagellin. 
B)  myosin. 
C)  actin. 
D)  dynein. 
E)  kinesin. 
A)  flagellin. 
B)  myosin. 
C)  actin. 
D)  dynein. 
E)  kinesin.

Question 9

The rough ER is the portion of the ER that

Accepted Answer

A)  lacks ribosomes. 
B)  is the oldest and was once the smooth ER. 
C)  is connected to the Golgi apparatus. 
D)  is the site of steroid synthesis. 
E)  has ribosomes attached to it. 
A)  lacks ribosomes. 
B)  is the oldest and was once the smooth ER. 
C)  is connected to the Golgi apparatus. 
D)  is the site of steroid synthesis. 
E)  has ribosomes attached to it.

Question 10

Which structure would require the greatest centrifugal force to settle to the bottom of a centrifuge tube?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Nucleus 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  Chloroplast 
E)  Whole cell 
A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Nucleus 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  Chloroplast 
E)  Whole cell

Question 11

Diffusion of cytoplasmic materials between cells within plant tissues is enabled by

Accepted Answer

A)  motor proteins such as kinesin. 
B)  membrane-lined channels called plasmodesmata. 
C)  the semirigid cell wall. 
D)  constantly beating cilia. 
E)  an internal cytoskeleton. 
A)  motor proteins such as kinesin. 
B)  membrane-lined channels called plasmodesmata. 
C)  the semirigid cell wall. 
D)  constantly beating cilia. 
E)  an internal cytoskeleton.

Question 12

In animal cells, lipids and steroids are synthesized in the _______.

Accepted Answer

smooth ER

Question 13

The folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the volume of the mitochondrial matrix. 
B)  create membrane-enclosed compartments within the mitochondrion. 
C)  increase the surface area of the membrane. 
D)  anchor the mitochondrial DNA. 
E)  have no known purpose. 
A)  increase the volume of the mitochondrial matrix. 
B)  create membrane-enclosed compartments within the mitochondrion. 
C)  increase the surface area of the membrane. 
D)  anchor the mitochondrial DNA. 
E)  have no known purpose.

Question 14

In which location would you not expect to find RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleolus 
B)  Mitochondrion 
C)  Vacuole 
D)  Ribosome 
E)  Prokaryotic cell 
A)  Nucleolus 
B)  Mitochondrion 
C)  Vacuole 
D)  Ribosome 
E)  Prokaryotic cell

Question 15

Which structure would be found in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Chloroplast 
C)  Nuclear envelope 
D)  Ribosome 
E)  Endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Chloroplast 
C)  Nuclear envelope 
D)  Ribosome 
E)  Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 16

Mitochondria have an inner membrane and an outer membrane.In an endosymbiotic event, which membrane comes from the engulfing cell and which from the ingested cell?

Accepted Answer

The outer membrane comes from

Question 17

Suppose you are given an unknown single-celled organism with a flagellum and asked to classify it as either prokaryote or eukaryote.Compilation of all the following characteristics of your cell can help you, except the

Accepted Answer

A)  size of the cell. 
B)  presence or absence of ribosomes. 
C)  presence or absence of a nucleus. 
D)  presence or absence of a peptidoglycan layer. 
E)  type of protein monomer in the flagellum. 
A)  size of the cell. 
B)  presence or absence of ribosomes. 
C)  presence or absence of a nucleus. 
D)  presence or absence of a peptidoglycan layer. 
E)  type of protein monomer in the flagellum.

Question 18

Refer to the figure below.   The figure depicts a theoretical model describing an evolutionary process involving invagination of the cell membrane to form the _______ system that is now observed in all modern eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure below.  ...

Question 19

Members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea have all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclei. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  DNA. 
D)  cell membranes. 
E)  cytoplasm. 
A)  nuclei. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  DNA. 
D)  cell membranes. 
E)  cytoplasm.

Question 20

Which step is thought to have occurred, according to endosymbiotic theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  A dependent prokaryotic cell was engulfed by an independent prokaryotic cell, allowing the dependent cell to survive within the independent host cell. 
B)  A dependent prokaryotic cell was engulfed by another dependent prokaryotic cell, allowing each cell to survive with the help of the other. 
C)  An independent prokaryotic cell was engulfed by a dependent prokaryotic cell, allowing the dependent host cell to survive with the help of the engulfed cell. 
D)  An independent prokaryotic cell was engulfed by another independent prokaryotic cell, after which the engulfed cell lost certain functions and became dependent on the host cell. 
E)  An independent prokaryotic cell was engulfed by another independent prokaryotic cell, and both continued activities independent of one another. 
A)  A dependent prokaryotic cell was engulfed by an independent prokaryotic cell, allowing the dependent cell to survive within the independent host cell. 
B)  A dependent prokaryotic cell was engulfed by another dependent prokaryotic cell, allowing each cell to survive with the help of the other. 
C)  An independent prokaryotic cell was engulfed by a dependent prokaryotic cell, allowing the dependent host cell to survive with the help of the engulfed cell. 
D)  An independent prokaryotic cell was engulfed by another independent prokaryotic cell, after which the engulfed cell lost certain functions and became dependent on the host cell. 
E)  An independent prokaryotic cell was engulfed by another independent prokaryotic cell, and both continued activities independent of one another.

Exam 5: Cells: the Working Units of Life

Of the following structures of an animal cell, the one with the largest volume is the

Which structure is involved in the breakdown of food particles by an animal cell?

Compare and contrast the structures and functions of plant and animal cell extracellular matrices.

The surface area-to-volume ratio of a cell

Which statement can be used as evidence for the endosymbiosis theory?

The organelle with many folds called cristae is the _______.

If you wanted to stop the movement of a ciliated protist in culture, you could incubate it in a substance that inhibits

The rough ER is the portion of the ER that

Which structure would require the greatest centrifugal force to settle to the bottom of a centrifuge tube?

Diffusion of cytoplasmic materials between cells within plant tissues is enabled by

In animal cells, lipids and steroids are synthesized in the _______.

The folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane

In which location would you not expect to find RNA?

Which structure would be found in prokaryotic cells?

Mitochondria have an inner membrane and an outer membrane.In an endosymbiotic event, which membrane comes from the engulfing cell and which from the ingested cell?

Suppose you are given an unknown single-celled organism with a flagellum and asked to classify it as either prokaryote or eukaryote.Compilation of all the following characteristics of your cell can help you, except the

Refer to the figure below. The figure depicts a theoretical model describing an evolutionary process involving invagination of the cell membrane to form the _______ system that is now observed in all modern eukaryotes.

Members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea have all of the following except

Which step is thought to have occurred, according to endosymbiotic theory?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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