Question 1

Which is a function of a plant cell vacuole?

Accepted Answer

A)  Energy metabolism 
B)  Physical support 
C)  Information storage 
D)  Metabolic regulation 
E)  Protein transport 
A)  Energy metabolism 
B)  Physical support 
C)  Information storage 
D)  Metabolic regulation 
E)  Protein transport

Question 2

A cancer drug is being tested, and it is found that although the cancer cells can divide, the nuclear envelope cannot re-form.It is determined that a protein substance is sequestered so that it cannot be polymerized into the necessary structure.What is the most likely protein target of the drug?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lamin 
B)  Keratin 
C)  α-tubulin 
D)  β-tubulin 
E)  Actin 
A)  Lamin 
B)  Keratin 
C)  α-tubulin 
D)  β-tubulin 
E)  Actin

Question 3

If the organelles of an animal cell were separated by centrifugation, which organelles would require the least centrifugal force to settle to the bottom of the centrifuge tube?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondria 
B)  Nuclei 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  Lysosomes 
E)  Chloroplasts 
A)  Mitochondria 
B)  Nuclei 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  Lysosomes 
E)  Chloroplasts

Question 4

You discover what looks to be a new organelle that is smaller than a mitochondrion, but you need to do further testing to best determine its cellular function.What would be your best plan of action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use a light microscope under normal culturing conditions, and watch the organelle's movement through the cell. 
B)  Observe the organelle with freeze-fracture electron microscopy. 
C)  Isolate the organelle using cell fractionation, and follow with further biochemical analysis. 
D)  Use a chemical against actin to prevent organelle transport within the cell and observe the resulting cellular function. 
E)  Use a detergent to break up the lipid membrane of the organelle in the cell, and observe the resulting cell function. 
A)  Use a light microscope under normal culturing conditions, and watch the organelle's movement through the cell. 
B)  Observe the organelle with freeze-fracture electron microscopy. 
C)  Isolate the organelle using cell fractionation, and follow with further biochemical analysis. 
D)  Use a chemical against actin to prevent organelle transport within the cell and observe the resulting cellular function. 
E)  Use a detergent to break up the lipid membrane of the organelle in the cell, and observe the resulting cell function.

Question 5

A cultured cell line appears to be having trouble surviving.Upon closer examination, you find that the cells do not appear to have normal chromosome separation.Based on this observation, you decide to check for the presence of a mutated protein.You will be sure to analyze the gene for which protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  Actin 
B)  Tubulin 
C)  Nexin 
D)  Myosin 
E)  Melanin 
A)  Actin 
B)  Tubulin 
C)  Nexin 
D)  Myosin 
E)  Melanin

Question 6

The diagram below shows the interface between a blood vessel and several kidney cells.The arrows indicate the direction of flow of molecules from the blood into the kidneys to form urine.The extracellular matrix is shown lying between the kidney cells and the cells lining the blood vessel walls.   This is an example of an extracellular matrix functioning in _______ of molecules, ensuring that proteins are retained in the blood while water, salts, and other small molecules pass into the urine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The diagram below shows the interface between...

Question 7

Microvilli are supported by a network of which type of structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microtubules 
B)  Microfilaments 
C)  Myosin 
D)  Intermediate filaments 
E)  Chromatin 
A)  Microtubules 
B)  Microfilaments 
C)  Myosin 
D)  Intermediate filaments 
E)  Chromatin

Question 8

Which statement about the nuclear envelope is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It contains pores for the passage of large molecules. 
B)  It is composed of a single membrane. 
C)  It contains ribosomes on the inner surface. 
D)  It allows proteins to freely pass through. 
E)  It cannot be separated from other subcellular structures by cell fractionation. 
A)  It contains pores for the passage of large molecules. 
B)  It is composed of a single membrane. 
C)  It contains ribosomes on the inner surface. 
D)  It allows proteins to freely pass through. 
E)  It cannot be separated from other subcellular structures by cell fractionation.

Question 9

A patient is admitted to the hospital for dehydration and malnutrition.On close observation of the intestine, it appears that the cells lining the intestine have fully formed microvilli.However, these microvilli are not uniformly standing upright and protruding into the lumen of the intestine, but are lying down so that full exposure to the contents of the intestine cannot be obtained.The doctors conclude that the patient may have a defect in what cellular component?

Accepted Answer

A)  Actin 
B)  Myosin 
C)  Intermediate filaments 
D)  Microfibers 
E)  Tubulin 
A)  Actin 
B)  Myosin 
C)  Intermediate filaments 
D)  Microfibers 
E)  Tubulin

Question 10

The _______ is the fundamental unit of life.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ is the fundamental unit of...

Question 11

When you cut an orange in half, you _______ the surface area-to-volume ratio.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When you cut an orange in half,...

Question 12

Which statement is true concerning endosymbiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endosymbiotic events never occur in modern times. 
B)  Endosymbiosis explains the evolution of mitochondria and plastids. 
C)  Endosymbiosis is a theory that has little evidence to support it. 
D)  The nucleus probably formed through an endosymbiotic event. 
E)  The endomembrane system likely formed as the result of endosymbiosis. 
A)  Endosymbiotic events never occur in modern times. 
B)  Endosymbiosis explains the evolution of mitochondria and plastids. 
C)  Endosymbiosis is a theory that has little evidence to support it. 
D)  The nucleus probably formed through an endosymbiotic event. 
E)  The endomembrane system likely formed as the result of endosymbiosis.

Question 13

Transport of cytoplasmic materials between plant cells is facilitated by

Accepted Answer

A)  motor proteins such as kinesin. 
B)  membrane-lined channels called plasmodesmata. 
C)  the semirigid cell wall. 
D)  constantly beating cilia. 
E)  an internal cytoskeleton. 
A)  motor proteins such as kinesin. 
B)  membrane-lined channels called plasmodesmata. 
C)  the semirigid cell wall. 
D)  constantly beating cilia. 
E)  an internal cytoskeleton.

Question 14

A mutant cell line is compared with a nonmutant cell line of the same type.The nonmutant cells secrete the steroid estrogen, but the mutant cells do not.Where should a researcher look to determine whether the mutant cells' defect is in the excretion of the hormone or in its synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The smooth ER 
B)  The rough ER 
C)  Mitochondria 
D)  Free ribosomes 
E)  The Golgi apparatus 
A)  The smooth ER 
B)  The rough ER 
C)  Mitochondria 
D)  Free ribosomes 
E)  The Golgi apparatus

Question 15

Sketch a prokaryotic cell and label at least six of its main features.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sketch a prokaryotic cell and label at...

Question 16

A ribosome is a cell structure but is not considered an organelle because it

Accepted Answer

A)  does not contain its own genetic material. 
B)  does not produce its own energy. 
C)  lacks a membrane. 
D)  is present in prokaryotes. 
E)  is not made up of proteins. 
A)  does not contain its own genetic material. 
B)  does not produce its own energy. 
C)  lacks a membrane. 
D)  is present in prokaryotes. 
E)  is not made up of proteins.

Question 17

Which technique could you use to determine whether the flagellum-like structure you are observing is made of the protein flagellin or the protein tubulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell fractionation 
B)  Light microscopy 
C)  Biochemical analysis 
D)  Cell culturing techniques 
E)  Videography of living cells 
A)  Cell fractionation 
B)  Light microscopy 
C)  Biochemical analysis 
D)  Cell culturing techniques 
E)  Videography of living cells

Question 18

The diagram below shows a cutaway side view of a plant cell wall and cell membrane.   Which biological function is emphasized by the structure shown?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transport of materials between cells 
B)  Uptake of water and materials from the environment 
C)  Cell-to-cell recognition and communication 
D)  Structural support of the whole plant 
E)  Growth and development 
A)  Transport of materials between cells 
B)  Uptake of water and materials from the environment 
C)  Cell-to-cell recognition and communication 
D)  Structural support of the whole plant 
E)  Growth and development

Question 19

A dye is injected into one plant cell and is observed to travel into adjacent plant cells.The dye is traveling between cells through

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis. 
B)  plasmodesmata. 
C)  nuclear pores. 
D)  integrin. 
E)  dynein. 
A)  osmosis. 
B)  plasmodesmata. 
C)  nuclear pores. 
D)  integrin. 
E)  dynein.

Question 20

What type of agent would be most likely to disrupt the structures of microvilli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Actin cross-linking agent 
B)  Tubulin polymerization inhibitor 
C)  Microtubule disruptors 
D)  Actin polymerizing agent 
E)  Actin depolymerizing agent 
A)  Actin cross-linking agent 
B)  Tubulin polymerization inhibitor 
C)  Microtubule disruptors 
D)  Actin polymerizing agent 
E)  Actin depolymerizing agent

Exam 5: Cells: the Working Units of Life

Which is a function of a plant cell vacuole?

A cancer drug is being tested, and it is found that although the cancer cells can divide, the nuclear envelope cannot re-form.It is determined that a protein substance is sequestered so that it cannot be polymerized into the necessary structure.What is the most likely protein target of the drug?

If the organelles of an animal cell were separated by centrifugation, which organelles would require the least centrifugal force to settle to the bottom of the centrifuge tube?

You discover what looks to be a new organelle that is smaller than a mitochondrion, but you need to do further testing to best determine its cellular function.What would be your best plan of action?

Microvilli are supported by a network of which type of structure?

Which statement about the nuclear envelope is true?

The _______ is the fundamental unit of life.

When you cut an orange in half, you _______ the surface area-to-volume ratio.

Which statement is true concerning endosymbiosis?

Transport of cytoplasmic materials between plant cells is facilitated by

A mutant cell line is compared with a nonmutant cell line of the same type.The nonmutant cells secrete the steroid estrogen, but the mutant cells do not.Where should a researcher look to determine whether the mutant cells' defect is in the excretion of the hormone or in its synthesis?

Sketch a prokaryotic cell and label at least six of its main features.

A ribosome is a cell structure but is not considered an organelle because it

Which technique could you use to determine whether the flagellum-like structure you are observing is made of the protein flagellin or the protein tubulin?

The diagram below shows a cutaway side view of a plant cell wall and cell membrane. Which biological function is emphasized by the structure shown?

A dye is injected into one plant cell and is observed to travel into adjacent plant cells.The dye is traveling between cells through

What type of agent would be most likely to disrupt the structures of microvilli?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters