Question 1

Which is a molecule found in plant extracellular matrices but not in animal cell extracellular matrices?

Accepted Answer

A)  Collagen 
B)  Cellulose 
C)  Proteoglycans 
D)  Keratin 
E)  Polysaccharides 
A)  Collagen 
B)  Cellulose 
C)  Proteoglycans 
D)  Keratin 
E)  Polysaccharides

Question 2

You examine an unknown organism using freeze-fracture electron microscopy and discover ribosomes in its cytoplasm.You also find that it has inner membranes, but it is difficult to tell whether they are contiguous with the cell membrane or not.Finding which of the following would allow you to classify this organism as a prokaryote?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA 
B)  A distinct mitochondrion 
C)  A capsule 
D)  Plastids 
E)  A nucleus 
A)  DNA 
B)  A distinct mitochondrion 
C)  A capsule 
D)  Plastids 
E)  A nucleus

Question 3

Refer to the sketch below showing the internal structures of a prokaryotic cell.   How would you label, in the correct sequence, the structures that you would encounter if you started at one exterior position of this cell and traveled straight through to its center?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell wall, capsule, cell membrane, nucleoid, cytoplasm, ribosome 
B)  Cell membrane, cell wall, capsule, cytoplasm, nucleoid, ribosome 
C)  Capsule, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosome, nucleoid 
D)  Cell wall, capsule, cell membrane, ribosome, cytoplasm, nucleoid 
E)  Cell membrane, cytoplasm, cell wall, nucleoid, ribosome, capsule 
A)  Cell wall, capsule, cell membrane, nucleoid, cytoplasm, ribosome 
B)  Cell membrane, cell wall, capsule, cytoplasm, nucleoid, ribosome 
C)  Capsule, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosome, nucleoid 
D)  Cell wall, capsule, cell membrane, ribosome, cytoplasm, nucleoid 
E)  Cell membrane, cytoplasm, cell wall, nucleoid, ribosome, capsule

Question 4

A(n) _______ cell always lacks a cell wall.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial 
B)  plant 
C)  animal 
D)  fungal 
E)  prokaryotic 
A)  bacterial 
B)  plant 
C)  animal 
D)  fungal 
E)  prokaryotic

Question 5

The membrane surrounding each organelle

Accepted Answer

A)  is composed of hydrophobic proteins. 
B)  regulates traffic into and out of the organelle. 
C)  is studded with ribosomes. 
D)  allows for interactions among molecules. 
E)  is perforated with pores. 
A)  is composed of hydrophobic proteins. 
B)  regulates traffic into and out of the organelle. 
C)  is studded with ribosomes. 
D)  allows for interactions among molecules. 
E)  is perforated with pores.

Question 6

Refer to the figure below.   Which numbers represent cytoplasm, pili, ribosome, and cell wall, in that order?

Accepted Answer

A)  2, 8, 6, 4 
B)  5, 2, 6, 3 
C)  5, 6, 1, 4 
D)  7, 2, 6, 3 
E)  7, 6, 5, 3 
A)  2, 8, 6, 4 
B)  5, 2, 6, 3 
C)  5, 6, 1, 4 
D)  7, 2, 6, 3 
E)  7, 6, 5, 3

Question 7

Which is a difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The DNA in a prokaryotic cell is not enclosed in a membrane-bound nucleus. 
B)  A prokaryotic cell does not use DNA as its genetic material. 
C)  Cellular processes in a prokaryotic cell are compartmentalized, whereas compartmentalization is absent in a eukaryotic cell. 
D)  A prokaryotic cell does not use ribosomes for protein synthesis, whereas a eukaryotic cell does. 
E)  A prokaryotic cell is not enclosed by a cell membrane, and a eukaryotic cell is enclosed. 
A)  The DNA in a prokaryotic cell is not enclosed in a membrane-bound nucleus. 
B)  A prokaryotic cell does not use DNA as its genetic material. 
C)  Cellular processes in a prokaryotic cell are compartmentalized, whereas compartmentalization is absent in a eukaryotic cell. 
D)  A prokaryotic cell does not use ribosomes for protein synthesis, whereas a eukaryotic cell does. 
E)  A prokaryotic cell is not enclosed by a cell membrane, and a eukaryotic cell is enclosed.

Question 8

The microvilli of intestinal cells

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the ability of the intestine to move nutrients through the intestinal tract. 
B)  slow down the movement of nutrients through the intestinal tract. 
C)  increase the surface area of the cells to allow increased uptake of nutrients from the intestinal tract. 
D)  decrease the surface area of the cells relative to their volume to prevent loss of nutrients back into the intestinal tract. 
E)  increase the movement of nutrients once they are inside cells and into the bloodstream. 
A)  increase the ability of the intestine to move nutrients through the intestinal tract. 
B)  slow down the movement of nutrients through the intestinal tract. 
C)  increase the surface area of the cells to allow increased uptake of nutrients from the intestinal tract. 
D)  decrease the surface area of the cells relative to their volume to prevent loss of nutrients back into the intestinal tract. 
E)  increase the movement of nutrients once they are inside cells and into the bloodstream.

Exam 5: Cells: the Working Units of Life

Which is a molecule found in plant extracellular matrices but not in animal cell extracellular matrices?

Refer to the sketch below showing the internal structures of a prokaryotic cell. How would you label, in the correct sequence, the structures that you would encounter if you started at one exterior position of this cell and traveled straight through to its center?

A(n) _______ cell always lacks a cell wall.

The membrane surrounding each organelle

Refer to the figure below. Which numbers represent cytoplasm, pili, ribosome, and cell wall, in that order?

Which is a difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?

The microvilli of intestinal cells

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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