Exam 5: Learning Concepts to Improve Performance: Part B

Negative reinforcement and punishment are often confused.Differentiate the two and describe the desired outcome of each.

When an unpleasant event is added,the contingency of reinforcement is:

Reinforcement is always delivered according to a:

According to social learning theory,people use ____ to process visual experiences and use the memories of them to guide their behavior.

As a manager,Carl encourages employees to question his directives because innovation and professional judgment are crucial to the organization's success.This is an example of how ____ affect the labeling behaviors as desirable or undesirable.

An event for which the individual already knows the value is:

To qualify as a reinforcer,a reward must:

For most people,getting demoted at work would be an example of:

Which of the following responses may not be under the conscious control of the individual?

In ____ schedule of reinforcement,the amount of time between reinforcements varies.

When a manager engages in ____,employees are given the authority,skills,and self-control to perform their tasks.

A(n)____ precedes and is a stimulus to a behavior.

Guidelines for improving behavior in organizations through social learning theory include all of the following except:

Explain the difference between punishment and negative reinforcement and why they are often confused with each other.

For a ____ to cause an employee to repeat a desired behavior,it must have value to that employee.

An event that a person finds desirable or pleasing is:

A relatively permanent change in knowledge or observable behavior that results from practice or experience is:

If leaders fail to reinforce desirable behaviors,they may be using ______ without recognizing it.

Positive reinforcement refers to a(n)____ event that is ____ contingent upon the proper behavior.

Explain why positive reinforcement is more effective than punishment over the long run.