Exam 9: Interpersonal Communication in Organizations: Part B
Whenever a message sent by a member of one culture is received and understood by a member of another culture,____ has occurred.
B
Explain what is meant by dialogue,why it is important,and specify the skills and behaviors that are necessary to foster it.
Dialogue refers to a communication process where people have learned to suspend their defensive exchanges to enable a free flow of inquiry into their own and others' assumptions and beliefs.Dialogue is important because it can build mutual trust and common ground.A necessary,but not sufficient,condition for dialogue is assertive communication,which means confidently expressing what you think,feel,and believe while respecting the right of the other to hold different views.In addition to assertive communication,true dialogue requires that interacting individuals demonstrate multiple skills and behaviors,including: communication openness,constructive feedback,appropriate self-disclosure,active listening,and supportive nonverbal cues.
Explain how the underlying barriers in interpersonal communication frequently form the basis for the direct barriers as impediments to effective communication.Provide an example of how this process might occur.
Since the distinction between underlying and direct barriers as challenges to interpersonal communication is not strongly emphasized in the chapter,this question may be particularly challenging to some.The underlying barriers include problems associated with individual differences in personality and perceptions.Specific personality traits can serve as barriers.These include low adjustment,low sociability,low conscientiousness,low agreeableness,and low intellectual openness.Similarly,individual perceptual errors can serve as barriers to effective interpersonal communication.Such errors include perceptual defense,stereotyping,halo effect,projection,high expectancy effect,the fundamental attribution error,and the self-serving bias.These underlying barriers are often responsible for causing the direct barriers,at least to some extent.The direct barriers include noise,semantics,language routines,and lying and distortion.Student answers should point out that since the cognitive and perceptual processes related to the evaluation of information and the (conscious and unconscious)selection of behavioral strategies form the basis for the interpersonal behavior that comprises the communication process,these underlying processes can act as barriers that are manifest in a wide range of different behaviors which impede communication.Better answers will provide examples of how such personality or perceptual influences may result in behaviors associated with one or more of the direct barriers.For example,a highly dogmatic person,characterized by low intellectual openness,may be more likely to stereotype certain groups of individuals in accordance with their personal belief systems,as,for example,such an individual who is pro-choice or pro-life.These personality and perceptual influences and predispositions,in turn,can lead to different understandings (semantics)and uses of words (language routines),and be used to personally justify less than total honesty (lying and/or distortion).Numerous other such examples would be possible.
In the PERCEIVE framework,the term for considering types of personal nonverbal cues which demonstrates closeness,familiarity,and degree of liking is:
Which of the following is not a transmitter and/or receptor of a message?
All of the following would be appropriately considered components of an employee's interpersonal communication network except:
All of the following are contextual factors particularly likely to influence the degree of openness in a particular interpersonal communication exchange except:
According to the Across Cultures Competency: Tahir Ayub,Partner,PwC,how did Tahir's time in Africa change him:
According to the Communication Competency: Poor Nonverbal Signals Prior to Layoffs,what were the effects of the nonverbal signals made by the technology company that Simma Lieberman was hired to deal with:
Define political skill.Describe three of the four dimensions of political skill.
The type of network that typically includes customers,suppliers,regulatory agencies,pressure groups,professional peers,and friends is:
All of the following are principles of constructive feedback except:
____ is used to refer to a process whereby people suspend their defensive exchanges to enable a free flow of inquiry into their own and other's assumptions and beliefs.
Meta-communication brings out the ____ assumptions,inferences,and interpretations of the parties that form the basis of ____ messages.
Game playing and deception are rampant in ____ communication.
To increase the probability of communicating complex messages more rapidly and effectively,you should probably use a medium that is ____ in media richness.
Interpersonal communication becomes a dynamic,two way process,rather than just an event,through:
Messages that are ____ in media richness require a long time to digest.
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