Question 1

Describe the three types of endocytosis.

Accepted Answer

The three types of endocytosis are recep

Question 2

Define apoptosis.

Accepted Answer

A) Apoptosis is the process of somatic cell division. 
B) Apoptosis is the process of gamete cell division. 
C) Apoptosis is uncontrolled cell division. 
D) Apoptosis is the breakdown of a cell by lysosomal enzymes after phagocytosis by a white blood cell. 
E) Apoptosis is genetically controlled cell death. 
A) Apoptosis is the process of somatic cell division. 
B) Apoptosis is the process of gamete cell division. 
C) Apoptosis is uncontrolled cell division. 
D) Apoptosis is the breakdown of a cell by lysosomal enzymes after phagocytosis by a white blood cell. 
E) Apoptosis is genetically controlled cell death.

Question 3

During mitosis,two daughter cells form,each of which has

Accepted Answer

A) a different number of chromosomes than the original cell. 
B) twice as many chromosomes as the original cell. 
C) the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. 
D) a lesser number of chromosomes than the original cell. 
E) half as many chromosomes as the original cell. 
A) a different number of chromosomes than the original cell. 
B) twice as many chromosomes as the original cell. 
C) the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. 
D) a lesser number of chromosomes than the original cell. 
E) half as many chromosomes as the original cell.

Question 4

Anchoring proteins

Accepted Answer

A) attach the plasma membrane to other structures in the cell. 
B) are detected by immune cells. 
C) have enzymatic functions. 
D) transport solutes across plasma membrane. 
E) permit the passage of water and small solutes. 
A) attach the plasma membrane to other structures in the cell. 
B) are detected by immune cells. 
C) have enzymatic functions. 
D) transport solutes across plasma membrane. 
E) permit the passage of water and small solutes.

Question 5

A function of the glycocalyx is

Accepted Answer

A) regulating movement across the membrane. 
B) lubrication of the cell surface. 
C) stiffening the membrane. 
D) forming a bilayer. 
E) isolating the cytoplasm from extracellular fluid. 
A) regulating movement across the membrane. 
B) lubrication of the cell surface. 
C) stiffening the membrane. 
D) forming a bilayer. 
E) isolating the cytoplasm from extracellular fluid.

Question 6

What is a benign tumor?

Accepted Answer

A) A mass produced by abnormal growth and division of cells that remains within the original tissue and does not spread. 
B) A mass produced by abnormal growth and division of cells that spreads beyond the original tissue and usually threatens life. 
C) A blockage of the blood vessels due to an accumulation of plaque. 
D) A mass produced when auto-antibodies attack and destroy an organ. 
E) A collection of blood vessels that are produced to serve a highly metabolic organ. 
A) A mass produced by abnormal growth and division of cells that remains within the original tissue and does not spread. 
B) A mass produced by abnormal growth and division of cells that spreads beyond the original tissue and usually threatens life. 
C) A blockage of the blood vessels due to an accumulation of plaque. 
D) A mass produced when auto-antibodies attack and destroy an organ. 
E) A collection of blood vessels that are produced to serve a highly metabolic organ.

Question 7

As each codon arrives at the active site of a ribosome,it attracts another molecule containing the anticodon.This molecule is called

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) mRNA. 
C) rRNA. 
D) tRNA. 
E) RER. 
A) DNA. 
B) mRNA. 
C) rRNA. 
D) tRNA. 
E) RER.

Question 8

Each of the following is true concerning mitochondria  except

Accepted Answer

A) the cristae increase the inner surface area of the organelle. 
B) it has its own DNA. 
C) it contains ribosomes. 
D) in glycolysis reaction pyruvate is produced from glucose inside the mitochondria. 
E) the matrix is the fluid that is enclosed by inner membrane. 
A) the cristae increase the inner surface area of the organelle. 
B) it has its own DNA. 
C) it contains ribosomes. 
D) in glycolysis reaction pyruvate is produced from glucose inside the mitochondria. 
E) the matrix is the fluid that is enclosed by inner membrane.

Question 9

Terminal web is a layer of ________ just inside plasma membrane at the exposed surface of the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) centrioles 
B) centromeres 
C) microfilaments 
D) intermediate filaments 
E) microtubules 
A) centrioles 
B) centromeres 
C) microfilaments 
D) intermediate filaments 
E) microtubules

Question 10

Which one of the following is an extension of plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) centrioles 
B) centromeres 
C) microfilaments 
D) cilia 
E) microtubules 
A) centrioles 
B) centromeres 
C) microfilaments 
D) cilia 
E) microtubules

Question 11

The physical process by which a single animal cell separates into two cells is called

Accepted Answer

A) meiosis. 
B) mitosis. 
C) cytokinesis. 
D) meiokinesis. 
E) mitokinesis. 
A) meiosis. 
B) mitosis. 
C) cytokinesis. 
D) meiokinesis. 
E) mitokinesis.

Question 12

The following is a list of the steps involved in the process of secretion by the Golgi apparatus. 
1.Material moves from cisterna to cisterna by means of transfer vesicles.
2)Exocytosis.
3)Products from RER are packaged into transport vesicles.
4)Secretory vesicles are formed at the trans face.
5)Vesicles arrive at the cis face.
6)Enzymes modify arriving proteins and glycoproteins.
What is the proper order for these steps?

Accepted Answer

A) 5,6,1,4,2,3 
B) 2,3,5,6,1,4 
C) 4,3,1,6,5,2 
D) 3,5,6,1,4,2 
E) 1,3,6,4,2,5 
A) 5,6,1,4,2,3 
B) 2,3,5,6,1,4 
C) 4,3,1,6,5,2 
D) 3,5,6,1,4,2 
E) 1,3,6,4,2,5

Question 13

Which of the following consists of a network of intracellular membranes with attached ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
C) mitochondria 
D) nucleoli 
E) Golgi apparatus 
A) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
C) mitochondria 
D) nucleoli 
E) Golgi apparatus

Question 14

What two factors limit the rate of facilitated diffusion across a plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) the size of the substance and the charge of the substance 
B) the size of the substance relative to the size of the carrier protein 
C) the charge of the substance relative to the resting membrane potential of the cell 
D) the concentration gradient of the substance and the number of carrier proteins 
E) the temperature of the interstitial fluid and the pH of the interstitial fluid 
A) the size of the substance and the charge of the substance 
B) the size of the substance relative to the size of the carrier protein 
C) the charge of the substance relative to the resting membrane potential of the cell 
D) the concentration gradient of the substance and the number of carrier proteins 
E) the temperature of the interstitial fluid and the pH of the interstitial fluid

Question 15

What is a gene?

Accepted Answer

A) A gene is a sequence of three nitrogenous bases along a DNA strand. 
B) A gene is a polypeptide formed by linked amino acids. 
C) A gene is a sequence of three nitrogenous bases along an RNA strand. 
D) A gene is a portion of a DNA strand that functions as a hereditary unit and codes for a specific protein. 
E) A gene is the sequence of tRNAs needed to form a polypeptide. 
A) A gene is a sequence of three nitrogenous bases along a DNA strand. 
B) A gene is a polypeptide formed by linked amino acids. 
C) A gene is a sequence of three nitrogenous bases along an RNA strand. 
D) A gene is a portion of a DNA strand that functions as a hereditary unit and codes for a specific protein. 
E) A gene is the sequence of tRNAs needed to form a polypeptide.

Question 16

Mitosis is to somatic cells as meiosis is to ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A) visceral 
B) reproductive 
C) plant 
D) sensory 
E) stem 
A) visceral 
B) reproductive 
C) plant 
D) sensory 
E) stem

Question 17

Some pediatricians recommend using a 10 percent salt solution to relieve nasal congestion in infants.Explain the effects this treatment would have on the cells lining the nasal cavity.Would it be effective?

Accepted Answer

The 10 percent salt solution is hyperton

Question 18

Some cells contain large numbers of mitochondria while others have relatively few or none.This suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) cells with large numbers of mitochondria are short-lived. 
B) cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a high energy demand. 
C) cells with small numbers of mitochondria have a large ATP supply. 
D) cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a low energy demand. 
E) some cells are older than others. 
A) cells with large numbers of mitochondria are short-lived. 
B) cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a high energy demand. 
C) cells with small numbers of mitochondria have a large ATP supply. 
D) cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a low energy demand. 
E) some cells are older than others.

Question 19

A cell duplicates its chromosomes during the ________ phase.

Accepted Answer

A) G0 
B) G1 
C) G2 
D) Gm 
E) S 
A) G0 
B) G1 
C) G2 
D) Gm 
E) S

Question 20

Red blood cell shrinkage is to ________ as cell bursting is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) crenation; hemolysis 
B) lysis; crenation 
C) hypotonic; isotonic 
D) isotonic; hypotonic 
E) isotonic; hypertonic 
A) crenation; hemolysis 
B) lysis; crenation 
C) hypotonic; isotonic 
D) isotonic; hypotonic 
E) isotonic; hypertonic

Exam 3: Cellular Level of Organization

Describe the three types of endocytosis.

Define apoptosis.

During mitosis,two daughter cells form,each of which has

Anchoring proteins

A function of the glycocalyx is

What is a benign tumor?

As each codon arrives at the active site of a ribosome,it attracts another molecule containing the anticodon.This molecule is called

Each of the following is true concerning mitochondria except

Terminal web is a layer of ________ just inside plasma membrane at the exposed surface of the cell.

Which one of the following is an extension of plasma membrane?

The physical process by which a single animal cell separates into two cells is called

Which of the following consists of a network of intracellular membranes with attached ribosomes?

What two factors limit the rate of facilitated diffusion across a plasma membrane?

What is a gene?

Mitosis is to somatic cells as meiosis is to ________ cells.

Some pediatricians recommend using a 10 percent salt solution to relieve nasal congestion in infants.Explain the effects this treatment would have on the cells lining the nasal cavity.Would it be effective?

Some cells contain large numbers of mitochondria while others have relatively few or none.This suggests that

A cell duplicates its chromosomes during the ________ phase.

Red blood cell shrinkage is to ________ as cell bursting is to ________.

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Joints

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain, cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

Red blood cell shrinkage is to as cell bursting is to .