Question 1

It is very easy to remove cheatgrass once it has initiated its life cycle in an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is the main reason that makes Bar-Headed Geese unusual among birds?

Accepted Answer

A) They often fly just above 7000 m, where the air contains only 40% of the oxygen. 
B) They often fly just above 5000 m, where the air contains only 40% of the oxygen. 
C) They often fly just above 7000 m, where the air contains only 30% of the oxygen. 
D) They often fly just above 5000 m, where the air contains only 30% of the oxygen. 
A) They often fly just above 7000 m, where the air contains only 40% of the oxygen. 
B) They often fly just above 5000 m, where the air contains only 40% of the oxygen. 
C) They often fly just above 7000 m, where the air contains only 30% of the oxygen. 
D) They often fly just above 5000 m, where the air contains only 30% of the oxygen.

Question 3

Brine shrimp have very little genetic diversity within each species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following is the main feature that allows adaptation at the cellular level to extreme life in Artemia?

Accepted Answer

A) The water replacement hypothesis maintains replacement of water in cytoplasm and macromolecules with sugars during anhydrobiosis, while another hypothesis maintains that water-repellent molecules prevent denaturation by stabilizing macromolecules during anhydrobiosis. 
B) The water replacement hypothesis maintains replacement of water in membranes and macromolecules with proteins during anhydrobiosis, while another hypothesis maintains that water-repellent molecules prevent denaturation by stabilizing macromolecules during anhydrobiosis. 
C) The water replacement hypothesis maintains replacement of water in membranes and macromolecules with proteins during anhydrobiosis, while another hypothesis maintains that water-repellent molecules prevent denaturation by immobilizing macromolecules during anhydrobiosis. 
D) The water replacement hypothesis maintains replacement of water in membranes and macromolecules with sugars during anhydrobiosis, while another hypothesis maintains that water-repellent molecules prevent denaturation by immobilizing macromolecules during anhydrobiosis. 
A) The water replacement hypothesis maintains replacement of water in cytoplasm and macromolecules with sugars during anhydrobiosis, while another hypothesis maintains that water-repellent molecules prevent denaturation by stabilizing macromolecules during anhydrobiosis. 
B) The water replacement hypothesis maintains replacement of water in membranes and macromolecules with proteins during anhydrobiosis, while another hypothesis maintains that water-repellent molecules prevent denaturation by stabilizing macromolecules during anhydrobiosis. 
C) The water replacement hypothesis maintains replacement of water in membranes and macromolecules with proteins during anhydrobiosis, while another hypothesis maintains that water-repellent molecules prevent denaturation by immobilizing macromolecules during anhydrobiosis. 
D) The water replacement hypothesis maintains replacement of water in membranes and macromolecules with sugars during anhydrobiosis, while another hypothesis maintains that water-repellent molecules prevent denaturation by immobilizing macromolecules during anhydrobiosis.

Question 5

In which ways can humans recover coho salmon from by-catch stress?

Accepted Answer

Live release of "nontarget species" (i.e

Question 6

Which of the following best describes plant life in the tundra?

Accepted Answer

A) Tundra plants rely on the production of seeds that can withstand freezing to produce new plants perennially in the spring. 
B) Tundra plants do not rely on the production of seeds that can withstand freezing to produce new plants annually in the spring. 
C) Tundra plants must survive freezing in winter and desiccation in summer and must reproduce during the short window of opportunity in the spring and summer. 
D) Tundra plants must survive freezing in winter and desiccation in summer and must reproduce during the short window of opportunity in the spring. 
A) Tundra plants rely on the production of seeds that can withstand freezing to produce new plants perennially in the spring. 
B) Tundra plants do not rely on the production of seeds that can withstand freezing to produce new plants annually in the spring. 
C) Tundra plants must survive freezing in winter and desiccation in summer and must reproduce during the short window of opportunity in the spring and summer. 
D) Tundra plants must survive freezing in winter and desiccation in summer and must reproduce during the short window of opportunity in the spring.

Question 7

Which of the following allow brine shrimp to live in extreme environments?

Accepted Answer

A) their adaptations at the cellular, organ, individual, and population level 
B) their adaptations at the molecular, cellular, organ, individual, and population level 
C) their adaptations at the molecular, cellular, organ, and individual level 
D) their adaptations at the molecular, cellular, individual, and population level 
A) their adaptations at the cellular, organ, individual, and population level 
B) their adaptations at the molecular, cellular, organ, individual, and population level 
C) their adaptations at the molecular, cellular, organ, and individual level 
D) their adaptations at the molecular, cellular, individual, and population level

Question 8

How does evaporation affect the salinity in hypersaline lakes?

Accepted Answer

A) Evaporation removes only ions leaving water behind, and salinity gradually decreases. 
B) Evaporation removes only ions leaving water behind, and salinity gradually increases. 
C) Evaporation removes only water leaving ions behind, and salinity gradually decreases. 
D) Evaporation removes only water leaving ions behind, and salinity gradually increases. 
A) Evaporation removes only ions leaving water behind, and salinity gradually decreases. 
B) Evaporation removes only ions leaving water behind, and salinity gradually increases. 
C) Evaporation removes only water leaving ions behind, and salinity gradually decreases. 
D) Evaporation removes only water leaving ions behind, and salinity gradually increases.

Question 9

What is the importance of the research performed by Claude Bernard and August Krogh?

Accepted Answer

Bernard and Krogh separately considered

Question 10

Which of the following is the main feature that allows adaptation at the molecular level to extreme life in Artemia?

Accepted Answer

A) They have stress lipids that disrupt other lipids and help them change their structure. 
B) They have stress proteins that disrupt other proteins and help them change their structure. 
C) They have stress lipids that stabilize other lipids and help them retain their structure. 
D) They have stress proteins that stabilize other proteins and help them retain their structure. 
A) They have stress lipids that disrupt other lipids and help them change their structure. 
B) They have stress proteins that disrupt other proteins and help them change their structure. 
C) They have stress lipids that stabilize other lipids and help them retain their structure. 
D) They have stress proteins that stabilize other proteins and help them retain their structure.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes conservation physiology?

Accepted Answer

A) It strives to understand the physiological basis of conservation problems and to use that information to evaluate and develop conservation strategies. 
B) It strives to understand the ecological basis of conservation problems and to use that information to evaluate and develop conservation strategies. 
C) It strives to understand the evolutionary basis of conservation problems and to use that information to evaluate and develop conservation strategies. 
D) It strives to understand the morphological basis of conservation problems and to use that information to evaluate and develop conservation strategies. 
A) It strives to understand the physiological basis of conservation problems and to use that information to evaluate and develop conservation strategies. 
B) It strives to understand the ecological basis of conservation problems and to use that information to evaluate and develop conservation strategies. 
C) It strives to understand the evolutionary basis of conservation problems and to use that information to evaluate and develop conservation strategies. 
D) It strives to understand the morphological basis of conservation problems and to use that information to evaluate and develop conservation strategies.

Question 12

Which of the following are the main features that allow adaptation at the physiological level to high altitudes in Bar-Headed Geese?

Accepted Answer

A) They have enhanced lung diffusion, hemoglobin with a greater oxygen affinity, and greater diffusion of oxygen into the mitochondria. 
B) They have lack of metabolic suppression, hemoglobin with a greater oxygen affinity, and greater diffusion of oxygen into the mitochondria. 
C) They have a lack of metabolic suppression, enhanced lung diffusion, hemoglobin with a greater oxygen affinity, and greater diffusion of oxygen into the mitochondria. 
D) They have a lack of metabolic suppression, enhanced lung diffusion, and hemoglobin with a greater oxygen affinity. 
A) They have enhanced lung diffusion, hemoglobin with a greater oxygen affinity, and greater diffusion of oxygen into the mitochondria. 
B) They have lack of metabolic suppression, hemoglobin with a greater oxygen affinity, and greater diffusion of oxygen into the mitochondria. 
C) They have a lack of metabolic suppression, enhanced lung diffusion, hemoglobin with a greater oxygen affinity, and greater diffusion of oxygen into the mitochondria. 
D) They have a lack of metabolic suppression, enhanced lung diffusion, and hemoglobin with a greater oxygen affinity.

Question 13

What adaptations does Artemia (the Brine Shrimp) have to life in hypersaline lakes?

Accepted Answer

It has adaptations at various levels of

Question 14

Which of the following is the strategy that arctic insects use to succeed in their reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A) They produce eggs that can withstand dryness. 
B) They produce eggs only in years that are warmer. 
C) They produce eggs only in the summer. 
D) They produce eggs that can withstand freezing. 
A) They produce eggs that can withstand dryness. 
B) They produce eggs only in years that are warmer. 
C) They produce eggs only in the summer. 
D) They produce eggs that can withstand freezing.

Question 15

Which of the following is the main feature that allows adaptation at the organ level to extreme life in Artemia?

Accepted Answer

A) They continuously gain water by osmosis. 
B) They are osmoconformers. 
C) They have salt glands that actively pump salts out of the animals. 
D) They have salt glands that passively let salts out of the animals. 
A) They continuously gain water by osmosis. 
B) They are osmoconformers. 
C) They have salt glands that actively pump salts out of the animals. 
D) They have salt glands that passively let salts out of the animals.

Question 16

Which of the following is the way that female Artemia deal with their changing environment while reproducing?

Accepted Answer

A) When the environment is not stable, they produce larva called nauplii via live birth, and when the environment is stable, they produce dormant eggs called cysts. 
B) When the environment is stable, they produce larva called nauplii via live birth, and when the environment is not stable, they produce dormant eggs called cysts. 
C) When the environment is stable, they produce larva called cysts via live birth, and when the environment is not stable, they produce dormant eggs called nauplii. 
D) When the environment is not stable, they produce larva called cysts via live birth, and when the environment is stable, they produce dormant eggs called nauplii. 
A) When the environment is not stable, they produce larva called nauplii via live birth, and when the environment is stable, they produce dormant eggs called cysts. 
B) When the environment is stable, they produce larva called nauplii via live birth, and when the environment is not stable, they produce dormant eggs called cysts. 
C) When the environment is stable, they produce larva called cysts via live birth, and when the environment is not stable, they produce dormant eggs called nauplii. 
D) When the environment is not stable, they produce larva called cysts via live birth, and when the environment is stable, they produce dormant eggs called nauplii.

Question 17

Which of the following describes the lack of metabolic suppression in Bar-Headed Geese?

Accepted Answer

A) Body temperature is raised, but metabolism and the need for oxygen are reduced at the level of individual cells. 
B) Body temperature and metabolism are reduced, but the need for oxygen is raised at the level of individual cells. 
C) Body temperature is reduced, and thus metabolism and the need for oxygen are also reduced at the level of individual cells. 
D) Body temperature is raised, and thus metabolism and the need for oxygen are also raised at the level of individual cells. 
A) Body temperature is raised, but metabolism and the need for oxygen are reduced at the level of individual cells. 
B) Body temperature and metabolism are reduced, but the need for oxygen is raised at the level of individual cells. 
C) Body temperature is reduced, and thus metabolism and the need for oxygen are also reduced at the level of individual cells. 
D) Body temperature is raised, and thus metabolism and the need for oxygen are also raised at the level of individual cells.

Question 18

Why do plants that live in phosphorus-poor soils produce cluster roots?

Accepted Answer

A) because they are rare and produce carbonic acids, which solubilize the phosphorus complexes with iron and aluminum 
B) because they are numerous and produce carboxylic acids, which solubilize the phosphorus complexes with iron and aluminum 
C) because they are soft and produce carboxylic acids, which solubilize the phosphorus complexes with calcium and aluminum 
D) because they are tough and produce carboxylic acids, which solubilize the phosphorus complexes with iron and calcium 
A) because they are rare and produce carbonic acids, which solubilize the phosphorus complexes with iron and aluminum 
B) because they are numerous and produce carboxylic acids, which solubilize the phosphorus complexes with iron and aluminum 
C) because they are soft and produce carboxylic acids, which solubilize the phosphorus complexes with calcium and aluminum 
D) because they are tough and produce carboxylic acids, which solubilize the phosphorus complexes with iron and calcium

Question 19

Why are sea monkeys unusual?

Accepted Answer

A) because they live in hypersaline lakes and are the only eukaryotes able to do so 
B) because they live in hypersaline lakes and are the only prokaryotes able to do so 
C) because they live in the sea and are the only eukaryotes able to do so 
D) because they live in the sea and are the only prokaryotes able to do so 
A) because they live in hypersaline lakes and are the only eukaryotes able to do so 
B) because they live in hypersaline lakes and are the only prokaryotes able to do so 
C) because they live in the sea and are the only eukaryotes able to do so 
D) because they live in the sea and are the only prokaryotes able to do so

Question 20

What did physiological studies of the response of various grass species, including cheatgrass, to increased CO2 levels reveal?

Accepted Answer

Physiological studies of the response of

Exam 52: Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

It is very easy to remove cheatgrass once it has initiated its life cycle in an ecosystem.

Which of the following is the main reason that makes Bar-Headed Geese unusual among birds?

Brine shrimp have very little genetic diversity within each species.

Which of the following is the main feature that allows adaptation at the cellular level to extreme life in Artemia?

In which ways can humans recover coho salmon from by-catch stress?

Which of the following best describes plant life in the tundra?

Which of the following allow brine shrimp to live in extreme environments?

How does evaporation affect the salinity in hypersaline lakes?

What is the importance of the research performed by Claude Bernard and August Krogh?

Which of the following is the main feature that allows adaptation at the molecular level to extreme life in Artemia?

Which of the following best describes conservation physiology?

Which of the following are the main features that allow adaptation at the physiological level to high altitudes in Bar-Headed Geese?

What adaptations does Artemia (the Brine Shrimp) have to life in hypersaline lakes?

Which of the following is the strategy that arctic insects use to succeed in their reproduction?

Which of the following is the main feature that allows adaptation at the organ level to extreme life in Artemia?

Which of the following is the way that female Artemia deal with their changing environment while reproducing?

Which of the following describes the lack of metabolic suppression in Bar-Headed Geese?

Why do plants that live in phosphorus-poor soils produce cluster roots?

Why are sea monkeys unusual?

What did physiological studies of the response of various grass species, including cheatgrass, to increased CO2 levels reveal?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Filters

What did physiological studies of the response of various grass species, including cheatgrass, to increased CO₂ levels reveal?