Question 1

Which of the following is common to all vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A) a small brain 
B) large ganglia 
C) a midbrain 
D) a convoluted cerebrum 
A) a small brain 
B) large ganglia 
C) a midbrain 
D) a convoluted cerebrum

Question 2

What will be caused in the postsynaptic membrane by the binding of a neurotransmitter to ligand-gated Na+ channels?

Accepted Answer

A) hyperpolarization 
B) depolarization 
C) repolarization 
D) apolarization 
A) hyperpolarization 
B) depolarization 
C) repolarization 
D) apolarization

Question 3

Which of the following is a component of neural signalling mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A) integration 
B) reaction 
C) rejection 
D) action 
A) integration 
B) reaction 
C) rejection 
D) action

Question 4

Match each term with its definition.
-ventricles

Accepted Answer

A) loose meshwork of neurons organized with radial symmetry 
B) cavities in the vertebrate brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid 
C) efferent portion of the PNS that deals with body movements that are under conscious, voluntary control 
D) neuronal activity that occurs without conscious effort; often associated with protection 
E) carries nervous activity from the brain and spinal cord to effector structures
F)composed of the midbrain, pons, and medulla
G)import with the ability to speak 
A) loose meshwork of neurons organized with radial symmetry 
B) cavities in the vertebrate brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid 
C) efferent portion of the PNS that deals with body movements that are under conscious, voluntary control 
D) neuronal activity that occurs without conscious effort; often associated with protection 
E) carries nervous activity from the brain and spinal cord to effector structures
F)composed of the midbrain, pons, and medulla
G)import with the ability to speak

Question 5

Which of the following is a reasonable estimation of the duration of an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A) approximately 5 microseconds 
B) approximately 5 milliseconds 
C) approximately 5 centiseconds 
D) approximately 5 seconds 
A) approximately 5 microseconds 
B) approximately 5 milliseconds 
C) approximately 5 centiseconds 
D) approximately 5 seconds

Question 6

Which structures aid in saltatory conduction?

Accepted Answer

A) nonmyelinated axons 
B) synapses 
C) myelinated axons 
D) dendrites 
A) nonmyelinated axons 
B) synapses 
C) myelinated axons 
D) dendrites

Question 7

What will be caused in the postsynaptic membrane by the binding of a neurotransmitter to ligand-gated Cl- channels?

Accepted Answer

A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
D) apolarization 
A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
D) apolarization

Question 8

-In the action potential diagram, at what point are many Na+ activation gates open and K+ activation gates closed?

Accepted Answer

A) point A 
B) point B 
C) point C 
D) point E 
A) point A 
B) point B 
C) point C 
D) point E

Question 9

During an action potential, what level can the membrane potential reach?

Accepted Answer

A) as high as +70 mV 
B) as high as +60 mV 
C) as high as +50 mV 
D) as high as +30 mV 
A) as high as +70 mV 
B) as high as +60 mV 
C) as high as +50 mV 
D) as high as +30 mV

Question 10

Why is an action potential propagated down an unmyelinated neuron plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) because the action potential stimulates voltage-gated Cl- channels adjacent to it 
B) because the action potential stimulates voltage-gated Ca2+ channels adjacent to it 
C) because the action potential stimulates voltage-gated Mg+ channels adjacent to it 
D) because the action potential stimulates voltage-gated Na+ channels adjacent to it 
A) because the action potential stimulates voltage-gated Cl- channels adjacent to it 
B) because the action potential stimulates voltage-gated Ca2+ channels adjacent to it 
C) because the action potential stimulates voltage-gated Mg+ channels adjacent to it 
D) because the action potential stimulates voltage-gated Na+ channels adjacent to it

Question 11

Which sequence places the components of a neural signalling pathway in the correct order, from beginning to end?

Accepted Answer

A) reception, integration, transmission, response 
B) integration, transmission, reception, response 
C) response, reception, transmission, integration 
D) transmission, integration, reception, response 
A) reception, integration, transmission, response 
B) integration, transmission, reception, response 
C) response, reception, transmission, integration 
D) transmission, integration, reception, response

Question 12

Match each situation to the most appropriate term.
-describes the change in resting membrane potential that causes it to approach threshold potential

Accepted Answer

A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization

Question 13

Which of the following refers to a graded, subthreshold change in the postsynaptic membrane potential that moves toward threshold?

Accepted Answer

A) depolarization 
B) IPSP 
C) hyperpolarization 
D) EPSP 
A) depolarization 
B) IPSP 
C) hyperpolarization 
D) EPSP

Question 14

For which axon might you expect action potential propagation to be the fastest?

Accepted Answer

A) a myelinated axon with a large diameter 
B) an unmyelinated axon with a small diameter 
C) a myelinated axon with a small diameter 
D) a myelinated axon of any diameter 
A) a myelinated axon with a large diameter 
B) an unmyelinated axon with a small diameter 
C) a myelinated axon with a small diameter 
D) a myelinated axon of any diameter

Question 15

Match each term with its description.
-graded potential

Accepted Answer

A) electrical potential difference across a plasma membrane 
B) subthreshold change in membrane potential toward the threshold potential of a neuron 
C) membrane potential of an excitable membrane when it is not being stimulated 
D) subthreshold change in membrane potential away from the threshold potential of a neuron 
E) abrupt, transient change in membrane potential, consisting of membrane depolarization followed by repolarization
F)minimum membrane potential required to form an action potential
G)any subthreshold change in membrane potential whose effects are additive 
A) electrical potential difference across a plasma membrane 
B) subthreshold change in membrane potential toward the threshold potential of a neuron 
C) membrane potential of an excitable membrane when it is not being stimulated 
D) subthreshold change in membrane potential away from the threshold potential of a neuron 
E) abrupt, transient change in membrane potential, consisting of membrane depolarization followed by repolarization
F)minimum membrane potential required to form an action potential
G)any subthreshold change in membrane potential whose effects are additive

Question 16

Depolarization occurs due to the diffusion of K+ across a neuron plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What will a hollow neural tube develop into?

Accepted Answer

A) spinal nerves 
B) the brain 
C) motor nerves 
D) the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain 
A) spinal nerves 
B) the brain 
C) motor nerves 
D) the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain

Question 18

In vertebrates, what does the CNS consist of?

Accepted Answer

A) the brain and grey matter 
B) the brain and the spinal cord 
C) the brain and reflexes 
D) the spinal cord and grey matter 
A) the brain and grey matter 
B) the brain and the spinal cord 
C) the brain and reflexes 
D) the spinal cord and grey matter

Question 19

What would be disrupted if the K+ channels of an excitable plasma membrane were blocked by the action of a drug?

Accepted Answer

A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
D) hypopolarization 
A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
D) hypopolarization

Question 20

Distinguish between the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Accepted Answer

The central nervous system involves the

Exam 44: Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Which of the following is common to all vertebrates?

What will be caused in the postsynaptic membrane by the binding of a neurotransmitter to ligand-gated Na+ channels?

Which of the following is a component of neural signalling mechanisms?

Match each term with its definition. -ventricles

Which of the following is a reasonable estimation of the duration of an action potential?

Which structures aid in saltatory conduction?

What will be caused in the postsynaptic membrane by the binding of a neurotransmitter to ligand-gated Cl- channels?

-In the action potential diagram, at what point are many Na+ activation gates open and K+ activation gates closed?

During an action potential, what level can the membrane potential reach?

Why is an action potential propagated down an unmyelinated neuron plasma membrane?

Which sequence places the components of a neural signalling pathway in the correct order, from beginning to end?

Match each situation to the most appropriate term. -describes the change in resting membrane potential that causes it to approach threshold potential

Which of the following refers to a graded, subthreshold change in the postsynaptic membrane potential that moves toward threshold?

For which axon might you expect action potential propagation to be the fastest?

Match each term with its description. -graded potential

Depolarization occurs due to the diffusion of K+ across a neuron plasma membrane.

What will a hollow neural tube develop into?

In vertebrates, what does the CNS consist of?

What would be disrupted if the K+ channels of an excitable plasma membrane were blocked by the action of a drug?

Distinguish between the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

Filters

What will be caused in the postsynaptic membrane by the binding of a neurotransmitter to ligand-gated Na⁺ channels?

-In the action potential diagram, at what point are many Na⁺ activation gates open and K⁺ activation gates closed?

Depolarization occurs due to the diffusion of K⁺ across a neuron plasma membrane.

What would be disrupted if the K⁺ channels of an excitable plasma membrane were blocked by the action of a drug?