Question 1

What is the founder effect a type of?

Accepted Answer

A) natural selection 
B) mutation 
C) genetic drift 
D) gene flow 
A) natural selection 
B) mutation 
C) genetic drift 
D) gene flow

Question 2

If individuals move from one population to another, it may cause a shift in allele frequencies. What causes this shift?

Accepted Answer

A) genetic drift 
B) directional selection 
C) mutation 
D) gene flow 
A) genetic drift 
B) directional selection 
C) mutation 
D) gene flow

Question 3

The distribution of the genetic disorder called sickle cell anemia is correlated with the distribution of malaria in tropical countries. What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A) heterozygote advantage 
B) a genetic bottleneck 
C) genetic drift 
D) evolutionary convergence 
A) heterozygote advantage 
B) a genetic bottleneck 
C) genetic drift 
D) evolutionary convergence

Question 4

If the frequency of the recessive allele (q) for a particular two-allele gene in a population is 0.20, what percentage of the individuals in the population will be heterozygotes for that gene?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.16 
B) 0.20 
C) 0.32 
D) 0.80 
A) 0.16 
B) 0.20 
C) 0.32 
D) 0.80

Question 5

What is the decline in the occurrence of sickle cell anemia in the American population most likely the result of?

Accepted Answer

A) a lower mutation rate in the United States than in Africa 
B) the advantage of both homozygous forms over the heterozygous form 
C) the development of appropriate medical treatment for the sickle cell condition in the United States 
D) a decline in the occurrence of malaria in the United States 
A) a lower mutation rate in the United States than in Africa 
B) the advantage of both homozygous forms over the heterozygous form 
C) the development of appropriate medical treatment for the sickle cell condition in the United States 
D) a decline in the occurrence of malaria in the United States

Question 6

Match each of the following definitions with the correct agent.
-change in allele frequencies as individuals join a population and reproduce

Accepted Answer

A) gene flow 
B) nonrandom mating 
C) genetic drift 
D) mutation 
E) natural selection 
A) gene flow 
B) nonrandom mating 
C) genetic drift 
D) mutation 
E) natural selection

Question 7

Intermediate forms are often absent in characters showing qualitative variation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Population bottleneck greatly reduces population size even if the population numbers later rebound.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What is the production of random evolutionary changes in small breeding populations known as?

Accepted Answer

A) gene flow 
B) genetic drift 
C) disruptive selection 
D) mutation 
A) gene flow 
B) genetic drift 
C) disruptive selection 
D) mutation

Question 10

Which evolution-related events are in the correct cause-and-effect sequence?

Accepted Answer

A) mutation → variation → natural selection → adaptation → speciation 
B) variation → adaptation → mutation → natural selection → speciation 
C) speciation → adaptation → variation → mutation → natural selection 
D) mutation → speciation → adaptation → variation → natural selection 
A) mutation → variation → natural selection → adaptation → speciation 
B) variation → adaptation → mutation → natural selection → speciation 
C) speciation → adaptation → variation → mutation → natural selection 
D) mutation → speciation → adaptation → variation → natural selection

Question 11

Natural selection results in organisms perfectly adapted to their environments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What is the stable presence of more than one allele for a particular gene in a population called?

Accepted Answer

A) balanced polymorphism 
B) mixed gene pool 
C) mutation pressure 
D) genetic drift 
A) balanced polymorphism 
B) mixed gene pool 
C) mutation pressure 
D) genetic drift

Question 13

Match the Hardy-Weinberg factor with the correct genetic designation.
-p2

Accepted Answer

A) frequency of heterozygotes 
B) frequency of the dominant allele 
C) frequency of the recessive allele 
D) the total gene pool for a gene with two alleles 
E) frequency of homozygous recessive genotypes
F)frequency of homozygous dominant genotypes 
A) frequency of heterozygotes 
B) frequency of the dominant allele 
C) frequency of the recessive allele 
D) the total gene pool for a gene with two alleles 
E) frequency of homozygous recessive genotypes
F)frequency of homozygous dominant genotypes

Question 14

All of the population attributes listed below can be calculated with the Hardy-Weinberg equation EXCEPT which?

Accepted Answer

A) the frequency of heterozygotes 
B) the frequency of a dominant allele 
C) the frequency of a recessive allele 
D) the frequency of mutation 
A) the frequency of heterozygotes 
B) the frequency of a dominant allele 
C) the frequency of a recessive allele 
D) the frequency of mutation

Question 15

Natural selection quickly eliminates harmful alleles from the population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What would changing environmental conditions most likely cause in an existing species?

Accepted Answer

A) disruptive selection 
B) mutation 
C) directional selection 
D) stabilizing selection 
A) disruptive selection 
B) mutation 
C) directional selection 
D) stabilizing selection

Question 17

According to the modern synthetic theory of evolution, what does the accumulation of mutations over time result in?

Accepted Answer

A) microevolution 
B) adaptation 
C) an increase in genetic variation 
D) speciation 
A) microevolution 
B) adaptation 
C) an increase in genetic variation 
D) speciation

Question 18

What is the natural selection that shifts the adaptation of an entire population called?

Accepted Answer

A) stabilizing selection 
B) directional selection 
C) disruptive selection 
D) artificial selection 
A) stabilizing selection 
B) directional selection 
C) disruptive selection 
D) artificial selection

Question 19

Match the Hardy-Weinberg factor with the correct genetic designation.
-q

Accepted Answer

A) frequency of heterozygotes 
B) frequency of the dominant allele 
C) frequency of the recessive allele 
D) the total gene pool for a gene with two alleles 
E) frequency of homozygous recessive genotypes
F)frequency of homozygous dominant genotypes 
A) frequency of heterozygotes 
B) frequency of the dominant allele 
C) frequency of the recessive allele 
D) the total gene pool for a gene with two alleles 
E) frequency of homozygous recessive genotypes
F)frequency of homozygous dominant genotypes

Question 20

New traits arise from scratch through the formation of a new gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 18: Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

What is the founder effect a type of?

If individuals move from one population to another, it may cause a shift in allele frequencies. What causes this shift?

The distribution of the genetic disorder called sickle cell anemia is correlated with the distribution of malaria in tropical countries. What is this an example of?

If the frequency of the recessive allele (q) for a particular two-allele gene in a population is 0.20, what percentage of the individuals in the population will be heterozygotes for that gene?

What is the decline in the occurrence of sickle cell anemia in the American population most likely the result of?

Match each of the following definitions with the correct agent. -change in allele frequencies as individuals join a population and reproduce

Intermediate forms are often absent in characters showing qualitative variation.

Population bottleneck greatly reduces population size even if the population numbers later rebound.

What is the production of random evolutionary changes in small breeding populations known as?

Which evolution-related events are in the correct cause-and-effect sequence?

Natural selection results in organisms perfectly adapted to their environments.

What is the stable presence of more than one allele for a particular gene in a population called?

Match the Hardy-Weinberg factor with the correct genetic designation. -p2

All of the population attributes listed below can be calculated with the Hardy-Weinberg equation EXCEPT which?

Natural selection quickly eliminates harmful alleles from the population.

What would changing environmental conditions most likely cause in an existing species?

According to the modern synthetic theory of evolution, what does the accumulation of mutations over time result in?

What is the natural selection that shifts the adaptation of an entire population called?

Match the Hardy-Weinberg factor with the correct genetic designation. -q

New traits arise from scratch through the formation of a new gene.

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

Filters

Match the Hardy-Weinberg factor with the correct genetic designation. -p²