Question 1

Which two scientists evidenced evolution via natural selection as an idea whose time had come?

Accepted Answer

A) Darwin and Wallace 
B) Darwin and Lamarck 
C) Darwin and Malthus 
D) Lamarck and Wallace 
A) Darwin and Wallace 
B) Darwin and Lamarck 
C) Darwin and Malthus 
D) Lamarck and Wallace

Question 2

Which of the following is modern synthesis NOT based on?

Accepted Answer

A) linking Darwinism with Mendelism 
B) linking population growth with variation to explain natural selection 
C) interpreting microevolution and macroevolution 
D) interpreting data from a wide variety of biological disciplines in an evolutionary framework 
A) linking Darwinism with Mendelism 
B) linking population growth with variation to explain natural selection 
C) interpreting microevolution and macroevolution 
D) interpreting data from a wide variety of biological disciplines in an evolutionary framework

Question 3

Which of the following explains why snakes do not have forelimbs or necks?

Accepted Answer

A) A mutation causes the expression of Hoxc6 to extend into a more backward region of the animal's body. 
B) A mutation causes the expression of Hoxc8 to extend into a more backward region of the animal's body. 
C) A mutation causes the expression of Hoxc8 to extend into a more forward region of the animal's body. 
D) A mutation causes the expression of Hoxc6 to extend into a more forward region of the animal's body. 
A) A mutation causes the expression of Hoxc6 to extend into a more backward region of the animal's body. 
B) A mutation causes the expression of Hoxc8 to extend into a more backward region of the animal's body. 
C) A mutation causes the expression of Hoxc8 to extend into a more forward region of the animal's body. 
D) A mutation causes the expression of Hoxc6 to extend into a more forward region of the animal's body.

Question 4

Which of the following matches between evolutionary evidence and biological disciplines is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A) gill pouches in embryos of four-limbed vertebrates-comparative embryology 
B) forelimbs or all four-legged vertebrates are homologous-comparative morphology 
C) short tails of African and Asian monkeys-historical biogeography 
D) pesticide resistance-historical biogeography 
A) gill pouches in embryos of four-limbed vertebrates-comparative embryology 
B) forelimbs or all four-legged vertebrates are homologous-comparative morphology 
C) short tails of African and Asian monkeys-historical biogeography 
D) pesticide resistance-historical biogeography

Question 5

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline.
-This describes the small-scale genetic changes in populations.

Accepted Answer

A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil record
G)molecular techniques 
A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil record
G)molecular techniques

Question 6

What is the main unifying concept in biology, explaining how the diversity of life on Earth arose and how species change over time in response to changes in their environment?

Accepted Answer

A) evolution 
B) biodiversity 
C) environmentalismd. 
D) development 
A) evolution 
B) biodiversity 
C) environmentalismd. 
D) development

Question 7

Which of the following is the reason for existence of vestigial structures (useless parts of the body)?

Accepted Answer

A) They must have functioned in the near past. 
B) They must have functioned in ancestral organisms. 
C) They must have functioned in other organisms. 
D) They must have functioned in similar organisms. 
A) They must have functioned in the near past. 
B) They must have functioned in ancestral organisms. 
C) They must have functioned in other organisms. 
D) They must have functioned in similar organisms.

Question 8

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline.
-Species on oceanic islands often closely resemble species on the nearest mainland, suggesting that the islands and mainland species have a common ancestry.

Accepted Answer

A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil record
G)molecular techniques 
A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil record
G)molecular techniques

Question 9

Which of the following best compares microevolution with macroevolution?

Accepted Answer

A) Microevolution describes the small-scale evolutionary changes that populations undergo. Macroevolution describes larger-scale genetic changes observed in species. 
B) Microevolution describes the large-scale genetic changes that populations undergo. Macroevolution describes small-scale evolutionary changes observed in species. 
C) Microevolution describes the small-scale genetic changes that populations undergo. Macroevolution describes larger-scale evolutionary changes observed in species. 
D) Microevolution describes the small-scale genetic changes that species undergo. Macroevolution describes larger-scale evolutionary changes observed in populations. 
A) Microevolution describes the small-scale evolutionary changes that populations undergo. Macroevolution describes larger-scale genetic changes observed in species. 
B) Microevolution describes the large-scale genetic changes that populations undergo. Macroevolution describes small-scale evolutionary changes observed in species. 
C) Microevolution describes the small-scale genetic changes that populations undergo. Macroevolution describes larger-scale evolutionary changes observed in species. 
D) Microevolution describes the small-scale genetic changes that species undergo. Macroevolution describes larger-scale evolutionary changes observed in populations.

Question 10

Suppose that inherited characteristics of an individual allow it to survive longer and reproduce more than others without those characteristics. What do these individuals have?

Accepted Answer

A) These individuals have enhanced fitness: they are better adapted to their environment. 
B) These individuals have reduced fitness: they are less adapted to their environment. 
C) These individuals have enhanced genetics: they are better adapted to their environment. 
D) These individuals have reduced genetics: they are less adapted to their environment. 
A) These individuals have enhanced fitness: they are better adapted to their environment. 
B) These individuals have reduced fitness: they are less adapted to their environment. 
C) These individuals have enhanced genetics: they are better adapted to their environment. 
D) These individuals have reduced genetics: they are less adapted to their environment.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of sexual dimorphism?

Accepted Answer

A) a lion looking different than a lioness 
B) a lion looking the same as another lion 
C) a lioness looking the same as another lioness 
D) a lioness looking different than another lioness 
A) a lion looking different than a lioness 
B) a lion looking the same as another lion 
C) a lioness looking the same as another lioness 
D) a lioness looking different than another lioness

Question 12

Match each person with their correct concept.
-Jean Baptiste de Lamarck

Accepted Answer

A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) gradualism 
E) uniformitarianism 
A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) gradualism 
E) uniformitarianism

Question 13

Suppose that inherited characteristics of an individual allow it to survive longer and reproduce more than others without those characteristics. What are the particular traits that make these individuals more fit?

Accepted Answer

A) These particular traits that make these individuals more fit are considered redundant: they help the individual survive and are not needed after that. 
B) These particular traits that make these individuals more fit are considered adaptive: they help the individual survive. 
C) These particular traits that make these individuals more fit are considered non-functional any more: they help the individual survive and are not needed after that. 
D) These particular traits that make these individuals more fit are considered obsolete: they help the individual survive and are no longer needed. 
A) These particular traits that make these individuals more fit are considered redundant: they help the individual survive and are not needed after that. 
B) These particular traits that make these individuals more fit are considered adaptive: they help the individual survive. 
C) These particular traits that make these individuals more fit are considered non-functional any more: they help the individual survive and are not needed after that. 
D) These particular traits that make these individuals more fit are considered obsolete: they help the individual survive and are no longer needed.

Question 14

Why was Sir Francis Bacon important?

Accepted Answer

A) He established the importance of observation, experimentation, and finding evidence to support a proposal or theory, also called deductive reasoning. 
B) He established the importance of observation, experimentation, and finding evidence to support a proposal or theory, also called inductive reasoning. 
C) He established the importance of observation, experimentation, and theory to support a proposal, also called inductive reasoning. 
D) He established the importance of observation, experimentation, and theory to support a proposal, also called deductive reasoning. 
A) He established the importance of observation, experimentation, and finding evidence to support a proposal or theory, also called deductive reasoning. 
B) He established the importance of observation, experimentation, and finding evidence to support a proposal or theory, also called inductive reasoning. 
C) He established the importance of observation, experimentation, and theory to support a proposal, also called inductive reasoning. 
D) He established the importance of observation, experimentation, and theory to support a proposal, also called deductive reasoning.

Question 15

Which of the following probably influenced Darwin the most when he was developing his theory of evolution?

Accepted Answer

A) catastrophism 
B) uniformitarianism 
C) Scala Naturea 
D) vestigial structures 
A) catastrophism 
B) uniformitarianism 
C) Scala Naturea 
D) vestigial structures

Question 16

Which of the following was the specific discipline that linked Mendel's and Darwin's work?

Accepted Answer

A) modern synthesis 
B) biogeography 
C) population biology 
D) population genetics 
A) modern synthesis 
B) biogeography 
C) population biology 
D) population genetics

Question 17

What was the perceived fundamental conflict between Darwin's and Mendel's theories?

Accepted Answer

A) Darwin was a scientist while Mendel was a monk. 
B) Mendel's experiments were unbiased, while Darwin set out to prove evolution by natural selection. 
C) Mendel's experiments were based on simple traits while Darwin's evidence was based on complex characteristics. 
D) Mendel's theory was based on experimentation while Darwin's was based on observation. 
A) Darwin was a scientist while Mendel was a monk. 
B) Mendel's experiments were unbiased, while Darwin set out to prove evolution by natural selection. 
C) Mendel's experiments were based on simple traits while Darwin's evidence was based on complex characteristics. 
D) Mendel's theory was based on experimentation while Darwin's was based on observation.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of Scala Naturae?

Accepted Answer

A) Minerals rank below plants, plants below animals, animals below humans, and humans below the gods. 
B) Mosses rank below ferns, ferns below flowering plants, flowering plants below bushes, and bushes below trees. 
C) Cars rank below buses, buses below trucks, trucks below cars, and buses below airplanes. 
D) Blood cells rank below blood liquid, blood liquid below lymph, lymph below connective tissue, and connective tissue below skin. 
A) Minerals rank below plants, plants below animals, animals below humans, and humans below the gods. 
B) Mosses rank below ferns, ferns below flowering plants, flowering plants below bushes, and bushes below trees. 
C) Cars rank below buses, buses below trucks, trucks below cars, and buses below airplanes. 
D) Blood cells rank below blood liquid, blood liquid below lymph, lymph below connective tissue, and connective tissue below skin.

Question 19

Extinct glyptodont and living nine-banded armadillo were related according to Darwin. In what way are they related?

Accepted Answer

A) They were/are both living. 
B) They are both animals. 
C) Glyptodont is an ancestor and armadillo is a descendant. 
D) Glyptodont is a descendant and armadillo is an ancestor, 
A) They were/are both living. 
B) They are both animals. 
C) Glyptodont is an ancestor and armadillo is a descendant. 
D) Glyptodont is a descendant and armadillo is an ancestor,

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an observation made by Darwin?

Accepted Answer

A) If the next generation is subjected to the same process of selection, these favourable traits will become less common. 
B) Individuals within populations vary in size, form, colour, behaviour, and other characteristics. 
C) Many of these variations are passed on from parent to offspring. 
D) Some of the inherited variations enable some individuals to survive and reproduce better than others. 
A) If the next generation is subjected to the same process of selection, these favourable traits will become less common. 
B) Individuals within populations vary in size, form, colour, behaviour, and other characteristics. 
C) Many of these variations are passed on from parent to offspring. 
D) Some of the inherited variations enable some individuals to survive and reproduce better than others.

Exam 17: Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Which two scientists evidenced evolution via natural selection as an idea whose time had come?

Which of the following is modern synthesis NOT based on?

Which of the following explains why snakes do not have forelimbs or necks?

Which of the following matches between evolutionary evidence and biological disciplines is NOT correct?

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline. -This describes the small-scale genetic changes in populations.

What is the main unifying concept in biology, explaining how the diversity of life on Earth arose and how species change over time in response to changes in their environment?

Which of the following is the reason for existence of vestigial structures (useless parts of the body)?

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline. -Species on oceanic islands often closely resemble species on the nearest mainland, suggesting that the islands and mainland species have a common ancestry.

Which of the following best compares microevolution with macroevolution?

Suppose that inherited characteristics of an individual allow it to survive longer and reproduce more than others without those characteristics. What do these individuals have?

Which of the following is an example of sexual dimorphism?

Match each person with their correct concept. -Jean Baptiste de Lamarck

Suppose that inherited characteristics of an individual allow it to survive longer and reproduce more than others without those characteristics. What are the particular traits that make these individuals more fit?

Why was Sir Francis Bacon important?

Which of the following probably influenced Darwin the most when he was developing his theory of evolution?

Which of the following was the specific discipline that linked Mendel's and Darwin's work?

What was the perceived fundamental conflict between Darwin's and Mendel's theories?

Which of the following is an example of Scala Naturae?

Extinct glyptodont and living nine-banded armadillo were related according to Darwin. In what way are they related?

Which of the following is NOT an observation made by Darwin?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

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