Question 1

Which of the following represents what Darwin thought of artificial selection?

Accepted Answer

A) He reasoned that if characteristics that better enable organisms to adapt to specific environmental pressures exist, then artificial selection will tend to increase those in succeeding generations. 
B) He reasoned that if a person could select different characteristics when breeding organisms, then nature could do so as well. 
C) Humans were selecting the characteristics they wanted in the offspring by choosing parents with those traits. 
D) Humans were selecting the characteristics they wanted in the offspring by eliminating individuals that did not show these characteristics. 
A) He reasoned that if characteristics that better enable organisms to adapt to specific environmental pressures exist, then artificial selection will tend to increase those in succeeding generations. 
B) He reasoned that if a person could select different characteristics when breeding organisms, then nature could do so as well. 
C) Humans were selecting the characteristics they wanted in the offspring by choosing parents with those traits. 
D) Humans were selecting the characteristics they wanted in the offspring by eliminating individuals that did not show these characteristics.

Question 2

Which of the following is evidence that woolly mammoths were determined to be more closely related to Asian elephants than to African elephants?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA sequencing of nuclear genes 
B) anatomical evidence 
C) embryological evidence 
D) mitochondrial DNA sequences 
A) DNA sequencing of nuclear genes 
B) anatomical evidence 
C) embryological evidence 
D) mitochondrial DNA sequences

Question 3

Which of the following represents what Darwin thought of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A) He reasoned that if characteristics that better enable organisms to adapt to specific environmental pressures exist, then selective breeding could do the same. 
B) He reasoned that if a person could select different characteristics when breeding organisms, then nature could do so as well. 
C) Humans were selecting the characteristics they wanted in the offspring by choosing parents with those traits. 
D) Humans were selecting the characteristics they wanted in the offspring by eliminating individuals that did not show these characteristics. 
A) He reasoned that if characteristics that better enable organisms to adapt to specific environmental pressures exist, then selective breeding could do the same. 
B) He reasoned that if a person could select different characteristics when breeding organisms, then nature could do so as well. 
C) Humans were selecting the characteristics they wanted in the offspring by choosing parents with those traits. 
D) Humans were selecting the characteristics they wanted in the offspring by eliminating individuals that did not show these characteristics.

Question 4

What was a basic truth of inheritance that had been known well before Darwin's time?

Accepted Answer

A) Offspring frequently resemble their parents, offspring inherit genes from their parents, and selective breeding improves domesticated plants and animals. 
B) Offspring frequently resemble their parents and selective breeding improves domesticated plants and animals. 
C) Offspring inherit genes from their parents. 
D) Offspring frequently resemble their parents. 
A) Offspring frequently resemble their parents, offspring inherit genes from their parents, and selective breeding improves domesticated plants and animals. 
B) Offspring frequently resemble their parents and selective breeding improves domesticated plants and animals. 
C) Offspring inherit genes from their parents. 
D) Offspring frequently resemble their parents.

Question 5

Suppose that each species of Galápagos tortoise has a distinctive shell. Variations in shell size make some tortoises better adapted for defence. Imagine an island where many hunt on these tortoises; individuals with a larger shell would be more likely to survive and reproduce than would tortoises with smaller shells. These favoured individuals would pass on the genes that produce larger shells to their descendants, while those with smaller shells would not reproduce, leading to extinction. Which of the following would be most likely to drive this event?

Accepted Answer

A) spontaneous selection 
B) hereditary selection 
C) natural selection 
D) artificial selection 
A) spontaneous selection 
B) hereditary selection 
C) natural selection 
D) artificial selection

Exam 17: Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Which of the following represents what Darwin thought of artificial selection?

Which of the following is evidence that woolly mammoths were determined to be more closely related to Asian elephants than to African elephants?

Which of the following represents what Darwin thought of natural selection?

What was a basic truth of inheritance that had been known well before Darwin's time?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

Filters