Question 1

When DNA is imprinted, the methylation pattern is preserved.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Where is the Trp repressor gene located?

Accepted Answer

A) just upstream of the trp operon 
B) on a region of the chromosome quite distant from the trp operon 
C) just downstream of the trp operon 
D) adjacent to the Lac repressor gene9 
A) just upstream of the trp operon 
B) on a region of the chromosome quite distant from the trp operon 
C) just downstream of the trp operon 
D) adjacent to the Lac repressor gene9

Question 3

What is the single most important stage when regulating eukaryotic gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA interference 
B) translational regulation 
C) degradation of mRNA 
D) initiation of transcription 
A) RNA interference 
B) translational regulation 
C) degradation of mRNA 
D) initiation of transcription

Question 4

What is the default state of a repressible operon such as the trp operon?

Accepted Answer

A) normal transcription 
B) no transcription 
C) low level transcription 
D) high level transcription 
A) normal transcription 
B) no transcription 
C) low level transcription 
D) high level transcription

Question 5

Which of the following describes the role of acetylation during the chromatin remodelling that accompanies gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A) It adds an acetyl group (CH3CH2-) to the DNA of a promoter sequence. 
B) It adds an acetyl group (CH3CO-) to the histone protecting the promoter region of a gene. 
C) It adds an acetyl group (CH3CO-) to the cytosine nucleotides of DNA. 
D) It adds an acetyl group (CH3CO-) to the histone protecting the transcription unit of a gene. 
A) It adds an acetyl group (CH3CH2-) to the DNA of a promoter sequence. 
B) It adds an acetyl group (CH3CO-) to the histone protecting the promoter region of a gene. 
C) It adds an acetyl group (CH3CO-) to the cytosine nucleotides of DNA. 
D) It adds an acetyl group (CH3CO-) to the histone protecting the transcription unit of a gene.

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct order in the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) transcriptional regulation - posttranscriptional regulation - translational regulation - posttranslational regulation 
B) translational regulation - posttranslational regulation - transcriptional regulation - posttranscriptional regulation 
C) posttranscriptional regulation - transcriptional regulation - translational regulation - posttranslational regulation 
D) posttranscriptional regulation - transcriptional regulation - posttranslational regulation - and translational regulation 
A) transcriptional regulation - posttranscriptional regulation - translational regulation - posttranslational regulation 
B) translational regulation - posttranslational regulation - transcriptional regulation - posttranscriptional regulation 
C) posttranscriptional regulation - transcriptional regulation - translational regulation - posttranslational regulation 
D) posttranscriptional regulation - transcriptional regulation - posttranslational regulation - and translational regulation

Question 7

Which of the following is a key difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Physical separation of transcription and translation occurs in eukaryotes, but no separation occurs in prokaryotes. 
B) Genes are arranged in order in eukaryotes, but the order is random in prokaryotes. 
C) Near simultaneous transcription and translation occurs in eukaryotes, but they are strictly sequential in prokaryotes. 
D) Gene expression is highly regulated in eukaryotes, but there is a lack of control of gene expression in prokaryotes. 
A) Physical separation of transcription and translation occurs in eukaryotes, but no separation occurs in prokaryotes. 
B) Genes are arranged in order in eukaryotes, but the order is random in prokaryotes. 
C) Near simultaneous transcription and translation occurs in eukaryotes, but they are strictly sequential in prokaryotes. 
D) Gene expression is highly regulated in eukaryotes, but there is a lack of control of gene expression in prokaryotes.

Question 8

Compare and contrast DNA methylation to histone acetylation.

Accepted Answer

DNA methylation and histone acetylation

Question 9

Identify each labelled part of this illustration of eukaryotic DNA.  
-coactivator multiprotein complex

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each labelled part of this illustration...

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic of normal cells relative to cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

A) dedifferentiation 
B) differentiation 
C) uncontrolled growth 
D) lack of tumour suppressor proteins 
A) dedifferentiation 
B) differentiation 
C) uncontrolled growth 
D) lack of tumour suppressor proteins

Question 11

Pepsin, a digestive enzyme that degrades proteins in the stomach, is synthesized as pepsinogen and converted to active pepsin in the stomach by the removal of several amino acids. What is the activation of pepsin an example of?

Accepted Answer

A) posttranslational regulation 
B) transcriptional regulation 
C) translational regulation 
D) posttranscriptional regulation 
A) posttranslational regulation 
B) transcriptional regulation 
C) translational regulation 
D) posttranscriptional regulation

Question 12

Eukaryotic genes are organized into operons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is part of posttranslational modification?

Accepted Answer

A) the chemical modification of proteins 
B) cleavage of poly(
A)  tails from mRNA 
C) chromatin remodelling 
D) the binding of miRNAs to mRNA 
A) the chemical modification of proteins 
B) cleavage of poly(
A)  tails from mRNA 
C) chromatin remodelling 
D) the binding of miRNAs to mRNA

Question 14

RNAi is a key regulator of transcription.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

How does methylation regulate transcription?

Accepted Answer

A) via the addition of a methyl group to cysteine bases of DNA 
B) via the addition of a methyl group to cysteine residues on RNA polymerase II 
C) via the addition of a methyl group to cytosine residues on RNA polymerase II 
D) via the addition of a methyl group to cytosine bases of DNA 
A) via the addition of a methyl group to cysteine bases of DNA 
B) via the addition of a methyl group to cysteine residues on RNA polymerase II 
C) via the addition of a methyl group to cytosine residues on RNA polymerase II 
D) via the addition of a methyl group to cytosine bases of DNA

Question 16

Identify each labelled part on the illustration of the Lac operon. 
 
-Lac repressor

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each labelled part on the illustration...

Question 17

What is the name of the process that displaces the acetylated nucleosomes in the promoter region from the DNA, or moves them along the DNA away from the promoter?

Accepted Answer

A) translation 
B) promoter remodelling 
C) transcriptional regulation 
D) chromatin remodelling 
A) translation 
B) promoter remodelling 
C) transcriptional regulation 
D) chromatin remodelling

Question 18

What does the presence of lactose allow in the E. coli lac operon?

Accepted Answer

A) dissociation of the Lac repressor from the promoter 
B) dissociation of the Lac repressor from the operator 
C) binding of the Lac repressor to the operator 
D) binding of the Lac repressor to glucose 
A) dissociation of the Lac repressor from the promoter 
B) dissociation of the Lac repressor from the operator 
C) binding of the Lac repressor to the operator 
D) binding of the Lac repressor to glucose

Question 19

Identify each labelled part on the illustration of the Lac operon. 
 
-lacA

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each labelled part on the illustration...

Question 20

The default state for the lac operon is off, while the default state for the trp operon is on. Explain this contradiction and the mechanism of control via the repressor proteins.

Accepted Answer

The lac operon's function is to allow a

Exam 14: Control of Gene Expression

When DNA is imprinted, the methylation pattern is preserved.

Where is the Trp repressor gene located?

What is the single most important stage when regulating eukaryotic gene expression?

What is the default state of a repressible operon such as the trp operon?

Which of the following describes the role of acetylation during the chromatin remodelling that accompanies gene expression?

Which of the following is the correct order in the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes?

Which of the following is a key difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes?

Compare and contrast DNA methylation to histone acetylation.

Identify each labelled part of this illustration of eukaryotic DNA. -coactivator multiprotein complex

Which of the following is a characteristic of normal cells relative to cancer cells?

Pepsin, a digestive enzyme that degrades proteins in the stomach, is synthesized as pepsinogen and converted to active pepsin in the stomach by the removal of several amino acids. What is the activation of pepsin an example of?

Eukaryotic genes are organized into operons.

Which of the following is part of posttranslational modification?

RNAi is a key regulator of transcription.

How does methylation regulate transcription?

Identify each labelled part on the illustration of the Lac operon. -Lac repressor

What is the name of the process that displaces the acetylated nucleosomes in the promoter region from the DNA, or moves them along the DNA away from the promoter?

What does the presence of lactose allow in the E. coli lac operon?

Identify each labelled part on the illustration of the Lac operon. -lacA

The default state for the lac operon is off, while the default state for the trp operon is on. Explain this contradiction and the mechanism of control via the repressor proteins.

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

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