Question 1

Which gene sequence elements are present in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) codons 
B) capping signals 
C) poly(
A)  signals 
D) sorting signals on proteins 
A) codons 
B) capping signals 
C) poly(
A)  signals 
D) sorting signals on proteins

Question 2

Which process occurs in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA replication 
B) translation 
C) transcription 
D) translocation 
A) DNA replication 
B) translation 
C) transcription 
D) translocation

Question 3

Which type of molecule is a translation elongation factor?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA 
B) amino acid 
C) tRNA 
D) protein 
A) mRNA 
B) amino acid 
C) tRNA 
D) protein

Question 4

Match each term with its definition.
-terminator

Accepted Answer

A) indicates the end for transcription 
B) first codon read in translation 
C) amino-acid coding sequence retained in finished mRNA 
D) indicates the end for translation 
E) control sequence ahead of a transcription unit 
A) indicates the end for transcription 
B) first codon read in translation 
C) amino-acid coding sequence retained in finished mRNA 
D) indicates the end for translation 
E) control sequence ahead of a transcription unit

Question 5

In a messenger RNA, what region of the mRNA does the 3' UTR refer to?

Accepted Answer

A) the coding region 
B) the region after the stop codon 
C) the region before the start codon 
D) the region before the site for initiation of transcription 
A) the coding region 
B) the region after the stop codon 
C) the region before the start codon 
D) the region before the site for initiation of transcription

Question 6

Proteins are assembled from the instructions found in which molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA 
B) ribosome 
C) tRNA 
D) DNA 
A) mRNA 
B) ribosome 
C) tRNA 
D) DNA

Question 7

Match each term with its definition.
-start codon

Accepted Answer

A) indicates the end for transcription 
B) first codon read in translation 
C) amino-acid coding sequence retained in finished mRNA 
D) indicates the end for translation 
E) control sequence ahead of a transcription unit 
A) indicates the end for transcription 
B) first codon read in translation 
C) amino-acid coding sequence retained in finished mRNA 
D) indicates the end for translation 
E) control sequence ahead of a transcription unit

Question 8

Which of the following are unique to prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases 
B) UTRs in mRNA 
C) introns 
D) polysomes connected to DNA 
A) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases 
B) UTRs in mRNA 
C) introns 
D) polysomes connected to DNA

Question 9

What is the function of the 5' cap in eukaryotic mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) It provides an intron splicing signal. 
B) It helps with nuclear export. 
C) It provides attachment site for ribosomes. 
D) It stabilizes pre-mRNA. 
A) It provides an intron splicing signal. 
B) It helps with nuclear export. 
C) It provides attachment site for ribosomes. 
D) It stabilizes pre-mRNA.

Question 10

Which sentence describes the routing of proteins to their final destinations in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A) It is essentially random. 
B) It is based on transcription factors. 
C) It is directed by signals that are part of the proteins. 
D) It is controlled by the type of ribosome used. 
A) It is essentially random. 
B) It is based on transcription factors. 
C) It is directed by signals that are part of the proteins. 
D) It is controlled by the type of ribosome used.

Question 11

After processing of pre-mRNAs is complete, some regions are retained in finished mRNAs. What are these regions called?

Accepted Answer

A) exons 
B) snRNPs 
C) UTRs 
D) domains 
A) exons 
B) snRNPs 
C) UTRs 
D) domains

Question 12

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with.
-promoter

Accepted Answer

A) processing of pre-mRNA 
B) translation 
C) sorting proteins in cells 
D) transcription 
A) processing of pre-mRNA 
B) translation 
C) sorting proteins in cells 
D) transcription

Question 13

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with.
-tRNA

Accepted Answer

A) processing of pre-mRNA 
B) translation 
C) sorting proteins in cells 
D) transcription 
A) processing of pre-mRNA 
B) translation 
C) sorting proteins in cells 
D) transcription

Question 14

Which of the following best defines what occurs during translation?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA is used to make a polypeptide. 
B) RNA is used to make a DNA strand. 
C) DNA is used to make a polypeptide. 
D) A polypeptide is used to make RNA. 
A) RNA is used to make a polypeptide. 
B) RNA is used to make a DNA strand. 
C) DNA is used to make a polypeptide. 
D) A polypeptide is used to make RNA.

Question 15

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with.
-signal peptidase

Accepted Answer

A) processing of pre-mRNA 
B) translation 
C) sorting proteins in cells 
D) transcription 
A) processing of pre-mRNA 
B) translation 
C) sorting proteins in cells 
D) transcription

Question 16

Match each type of RNA with its description.
-tRNA

Accepted Answer

A) RNA transcribed from a protein-coding gene that is ready to be used in translation 
B) RNA that binds with proteins to make a particle that is involved in removal of introns and joining of exons 
C) RNA that forms part of the ribosome 
D) RNA with an anticodon and a linkage site for a specific amino acid 
E) RNA in eukaryotes that must be processed in the nucleus before it is ready to be translated 
A) RNA transcribed from a protein-coding gene that is ready to be used in translation 
B) RNA that binds with proteins to make a particle that is involved in removal of introns and joining of exons 
C) RNA that forms part of the ribosome 
D) RNA with an anticodon and a linkage site for a specific amino acid 
E) RNA in eukaryotes that must be processed in the nucleus before it is ready to be translated

Question 17

What is the most likely fate of a molecule of eukaryotic mRNA that contains no 5' cap?

Accepted Answer

A) It would be translated at a reduced level. 
B) It would be translated as usual. 
C) It would not be translated. 
D) It would be degraded. 
A) It would be translated at a reduced level. 
B) It would be translated as usual. 
C) It would not be translated. 
D) It would be degraded.

Question 18

Which of the following is included in the lariat structure?

Accepted Answer

A) the intron 
B) the exon 
C) the snRNP 
D) the mRNA 
A) the intron 
B) the exon 
C) the snRNP 
D) the mRNA

Question 19

The gene for byssus was inserted into which organism in order to produce a large amount of the protein?

Accepted Answer

A) a mussel 
B) yeast 
C) E. coli 
D) a fruit fly 
A) a mussel 
B) yeast 
C) E. coli 
D) a fruit fly

Question 20

What does the degeneracy of the genetic code refer to?

Accepted Answer

A) the fact that the code varies considerably between different organisms 
B) the fact that the code is commaless 
C) the fact that the code is universal 
D) the fact that the code has multiple codons for some amino acids 
A) the fact that the code varies considerably between different organisms 
B) the fact that the code is commaless 
C) the fact that the code is universal 
D) the fact that the code has multiple codons for some amino acids

Exam 13: Gene Structure and Expression

Which gene sequence elements are present in prokaryotes?

Which process occurs in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?

Which type of molecule is a translation elongation factor?

Match each term with its definition. -terminator

In a messenger RNA, what region of the mRNA does the 3' UTR refer to?

Proteins are assembled from the instructions found in which molecule?

Match each term with its definition. -start codon

Which of the following are unique to prokaryotes?

What is the function of the 5' cap in eukaryotic mRNA?

Which sentence describes the routing of proteins to their final destinations in eukaryotic cells?

After processing of pre-mRNAs is complete, some regions are retained in finished mRNAs. What are these regions called?

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with. -promoter

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with. -tRNA

Which of the following best defines what occurs during translation?

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with. -signal peptidase

Match each type of RNA with its description. -tRNA

What is the most likely fate of a molecule of eukaryotic mRNA that contains no 5' cap?

Which of the following is included in the lariat structure?

The gene for byssus was inserted into which organism in order to produce a large amount of the protein?

What does the degeneracy of the genetic code refer to?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

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