Question 1

According to Erikson, successful resolution of the industry vs. inferiority crisis involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  achieving a core sense of identity. 
B)  developing a conscience. 
C)  mastering important skills and cooperating with others. 
D)  identifying with one's powerful parent. 
A)  achieving a core sense of identity. 
B)  developing a conscience. 
C)  mastering important skills and cooperating with others. 
D)  identifying with one's powerful parent.

Question 2

According to Freud, if a person's fundamental needs are not met during a particular stage, the person may:

Accepted Answer

A)  become fixated on the issues relevant to that stage. 
B)  experience an identity crisis. 
C)  make hostile attributions. 
D)  develop infantile amnesia. 
A)  become fixated on the issues relevant to that stage. 
B)  experience an identity crisis. 
C)  make hostile attributions. 
D)  develop infantile amnesia.

Question 3

_____ is an example of a weapon against the negative effects of media on children that occurs at the macrosystem level.

Accepted Answer

A)  Parental control of children's access 
B)  Community center programs aimed at children 
C)  School-based programs to educate children about the effects of media 
D)  Regulation of advertising 
A)  Parental control of children's access 
B)  Community center programs aimed at children 
C)  School-based programs to educate children about the effects of media 
D)  Regulation of advertising

Question 4

Imprinting is of particular concern to _____ theorists.

Accepted Answer

A)  bioecological 
B)  psychoanalytic 
C)  ethological 
D)  social learning 
A)  bioecological 
B)  psychoanalytic 
C)  ethological 
D)  social learning

Question 5

If the superego, as theorized by Freud, could speak, which statement would it be MOST likely to say?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Let's consider our options." 
B)  "I want it NOW!" 
C)  "That's not the right thing to do." 
D)  "That's going to cause problems in the future." 
A)  "Let's consider our options." 
B)  "I want it NOW!" 
C)  "That's not the right thing to do." 
D)  "That's going to cause problems in the future."

Question 6

What percentage of children in Canada spend more than the recommended amount of time watching television?

Accepted Answer

A)  20% 
B)  40% 
C)  50% 
D)  70% 
A)  20% 
B)  40% 
C)  50% 
D)  70%

Question 7

Bernard believes that his intelligence is fixed and that there is little he can do to change it. When Bernard encounters failure, he would be expected to:

Accepted Answer

A)  work persistently to solve the problem. 
B)  believe that his failure is due to a lack of effort. 
C)  believe he is still smart regardless of the failure. 
D)  feel helpless. 
A)  work persistently to solve the problem. 
B)  believe that his failure is due to a lack of effort. 
C)  believe he is still smart regardless of the failure. 
D)  feel helpless.

Question 8

The superego is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the reality principle. 
B)  internalization of parents' standards for acceptable behaviour. 
C)  the pleasure principle. 
D)  none of these. 
A)  the reality principle. 
B)  internalization of parents' standards for acceptable behaviour. 
C)  the pleasure principle. 
D)  none of these.

Question 9

According to Freud, infantile amnesia results from:

Accepted Answer

A)  identification with the father. 
B)  internalizing parents' beliefs, values, and attitudes. 
C)  repression of anxiety-producing thoughts and impulses. 
D)  parental insistence on delay of gratification and toilet training. 
A)  identification with the father. 
B)  internalizing parents' beliefs, values, and attitudes. 
C)  repression of anxiety-producing thoughts and impulses. 
D)  parental insistence on delay of gratification and toilet training.

Question 10

The program implemented by Bugental in an experimental effort to prevent child maltreatment focused particularly on the:

Accepted Answer

A)  mesosystem. 
B)  microsystem. 
C)  exosystem. 
D)  chronosystem. 
A)  mesosystem. 
B)  microsystem. 
C)  exosystem. 
D)  chronosystem.

Question 11

A person's beliefs about how well he or she can control his or her behaviour, thoughts, and emotions in order to achieve a desired goal are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal determinism. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  perceived self-efficacy. 
D)  intelligence. 
A)  reciprocal determinism. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  perceived self-efficacy. 
D)  intelligence.

Question 12

Ethological theorists hypothesize that the play preferences of males and females are due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  parents' encouragement. 
B)  evolved predispositions. 
C)  imprinting. 
D)  the desire to be like others of the same sex. 
A)  parents' encouragement. 
B)  evolved predispositions. 
C)  imprinting. 
D)  the desire to be like others of the same sex.

Question 13

Erikson's stages are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the personality structure that emerges during the particular stage. 
B)  a specific crisis that must be resolved. 
C)  the erogenous zones in which the psychic energy is focused. 
D)  a particular manner of responding to reward and reinforcement. 
A)  the personality structure that emerges during the particular stage. 
B)  a specific crisis that must be resolved. 
C)  the erogenous zones in which the psychic energy is focused. 
D)  a particular manner of responding to reward and reinforcement.

Question 14

Which personality structure is considered the conscience?

Accepted Answer

A)  ego 
B)  id 
C)  superego 
D)  subego 
A)  ego 
B)  id 
C)  superego 
D)  subego

Question 15

Which characteristic is common among parents who maltreat their children?

Accepted Answer

A)  poor impulse control 
B)  low self-esteem 
C)  strong negative reactions to stress 
D)  all of these 
A)  poor impulse control 
B)  low self-esteem 
C)  strong negative reactions to stress 
D)  all of these

Question 16

Freud theorized that individuals' development is propelled by:

Accepted Answer

A)  their instinctual drives. 
B)  the contexts in which they live. 
C)  interpretations of their parents' behaviour. 
D)  their attributional biases. 
A)  their instinctual drives. 
B)  the contexts in which they live. 
C)  interpretations of their parents' behaviour. 
D)  their attributional biases.

Question 17

Freud's stages are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the context that is important during that time period. 
B)  a specific crisis that must be resolved. 
C)  the erogenous zones in which the psychic energy is focused. 
D)  a particular manner of responding to reward and reinforcement. 
A)  the context that is important during that time period. 
B)  a specific crisis that must be resolved. 
C)  the erogenous zones in which the psychic energy is focused. 
D)  a particular manner of responding to reward and reinforcement.

Question 18

Pria's friends love to gossip, and they wish Pria would gossip more than she currently does. According to operant conditioning, which scenario is likely to increase Pria's gossiping?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her friends yell at her when she is not gossiping and threaten that they will not be friends with her if she does not gossip more. 
B)  Her friends stop talking to her altogether. 
C)  Her friends pay lots of attention to her when she is gossiping and walk away when she is not gossiping. 
D)  Her friends explain to her why they want her to gossip more and ask her to please do so. 
A)  Her friends yell at her when she is not gossiping and threaten that they will not be friends with her if she does not gossip more. 
B)  Her friends stop talking to her altogether. 
C)  Her friends pay lots of attention to her when she is gossiping and walk away when she is not gossiping. 
D)  Her friends explain to her why they want her to gossip more and ask her to please do so.

Question 19

Which of these is NOT associated with growing up in an affluent family in comparison to growing up in a middle-class family?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased substance abuse 
B)  increased anxiety 
C)  decreased feelings of maternal closeness 
D)  increased happiness 
A)  increased substance abuse 
B)  increased anxiety 
C)  decreased feelings of maternal closeness 
D)  increased happiness

Question 20

What can parents do to help their children successfully resolve Erikson's basic trust vs. mistrust stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  be consistent and warm in their caretaking 
B)  help the children have successful experiences 
C)  not be highly controlling 
D)  instill socially acceptable behaviours 
A)  be consistent and warm in their caretaking 
B)  help the children have successful experiences 
C)  not be highly controlling 
D)  instill socially acceptable behaviours

Exam 9: Section 2: Theories of Social Development

According to Erikson, successful resolution of the industry vs. inferiority crisis involves:

According to Freud, if a person's fundamental needs are not met during a particular stage, the person may:

_____ is an example of a weapon against the negative effects of media on children that occurs at the macrosystem level.

Imprinting is of particular concern to _____ theorists.

If the superego, as theorized by Freud, could speak, which statement would it be MOST likely to say?

What percentage of children in Canada spend more than the recommended amount of time watching television?

Bernard believes that his intelligence is fixed and that there is little he can do to change it. When Bernard encounters failure, he would be expected to:

The superego is based on:

According to Freud, infantile amnesia results from:

The program implemented by Bugental in an experimental effort to prevent child maltreatment focused particularly on the:

A person's beliefs about how well he or she can control his or her behaviour, thoughts, and emotions in order to achieve a desired goal are referred to as:

Ethological theorists hypothesize that the play preferences of males and females are due to:

Erikson's stages are characterized by:

Which personality structure is considered the conscience?

Which characteristic is common among parents who maltreat their children?

Freud theorized that individuals' development is propelled by:

Freud's stages are characterized by:

Pria's friends love to gossip, and they wish Pria would gossip more than she currently does. According to operant conditioning, which scenario is likely to increase Pria's gossiping?

Which of these is NOT associated with growing up in an affluent family in comparison to growing up in a middle-class family?

What can parents do to help their children successfully resolve Erikson's basic trust vs. mistrust stage?

Section 1: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 2: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 1: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 2: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 1: Biology and Behavior

Section 2: Biology and Behavior

Section 1: Theories of Cognitive Development

Section 2: Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Section 1: Conceptual Development

Section 2: Conceptual Development

Section 1: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 2: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 1: Theories of Social Development

Section 1: Emotional Development

Section 2: Emotional Development

Section 1: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 2: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 1: The Family

Section 2: The Family

Section 1: Peer Relationship

Section 2: Peer Relationship

Section 1: Moral Development

Section 2: Moral Development

Section 1: Gender Development

Section 2: Gender Development

Section 1: Conclusions

Section 2: Conclusions

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