Exam 12: Experimental Research

When subjects are randomly assigned to treatment groups to study the effects of manipulating an independent variable, this is called a(n) ______ design.

A researcher is examining the impact of pictures in advertisements and whether including instructions to imagine impact subjects' mental imagery. She manipulated three treatment levels of pictures: concrete picture, abstract picture, or no picture. Instructions to imagine were either present or not present. How many cells are there in this experiment?

In which experimental research design does each subject receive only one treatment combination?

A 3 x 3 factorial experiment requires six combinations of treatment groups.

When different interviewers are used in a pretest from those used in the posttest and this produces different results in the study, this is an example of a(n) _____.

Variables that naturally exist in the environment that may have some systematic effect on the dependent variable in an experiment are referred to as _____.

When a food company tests a new product by having one group of experimental subjects taste this product first and then taste a competitor's product second, while a second group of experimental subjects tastes these two products in the reverse order, the experimental design has been _____.

Factorial experimental designs are the least sophisticated type of experimental design.

Experiments are widely used in which type of research designs?

Kim and Mary are both participating in an experiment examining the effect of adding graphic warning labels on cigarette packages to the written warning labels that are already required by law. Kim saw a package in which half of the package had a picture of diseased lungs included with the written warning label, whereas Mary only saw the written warning label without a picture on the package the researcher showed her. Kim was part of which group in the experiment?

All of the following are ways to reduce demand characteristics EXCEPT _____.

The question as to whether the experimental treatment was the "sole cause" of the changes in the dependent variable is the basic issue in internal validity.

A _____ effect is a nuisance effect occurring when the initial measurement or test alerts or primes subjects in a way that affects their response to the experimental treatments.

Systematic error can occur in experiments.

"Does package size affect consumption rates in snack products?" is a typical question in what type of research design?

When an experiment is conducted on the premises of the research organization, this is an example of a _____.

Which of the following is the term used to refer to a treatment combination within an experiment?

Karen is conducting an experiment examining how different managerial styles impact employee trainees' productivity. Each trainee is rotated through different departments of a company and exposed to managers who execute different managerial styles. This is an example of which type of experimental design?

An experiment in which each subject receives only one treatment combination is called a(n) _____ design.

When high school students who take the ACT in their junior year perform better on that exam during their senior year because they know better how to take the exam because of what they experienced on the first exam, this is an example of a _____.