Question 1

What are the two functional categories of SNAREs?

Accepted Answer

A) v-SNAREs and g-SNAREs 
B) t-SNAREs and g-SNAREs 
C) v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs 
D) v-SNAREs and er-SNAREs 
E) er-SNAREs and g-SNAREs 
A) v-SNAREs and g-SNAREs 
B) t-SNAREs and g-SNAREs 
C) v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs 
D) v-SNAREs and er-SNAREs 
E) er-SNAREs and g-SNAREs

Question 2

The mRNA for a well-known secretory protein is isolated and placed in a test tube in the presence of all the substances required for in vitro protein synthesis.The sequence of the protein produced in vitro is then compared to the sequence of the purified secretory protein.The sequences of the two proteins are not the same.What is the explanation?

Accepted Answer

A short expanse of hydrophobic

Question 3

You have isolated from a cell vesicles that are shown to be derived from the Golgi apparatus.They take up a large amount of osmium tetroxide when stained and contain little nucleotide diphosphatase activity.These vesicles also contain a few proteins typical of the endoplasmic reticulum.Is it possible to determine where in the Golgi body these vesicles originated? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

Since the Golgi apparatus is not uniform

Question 4

Which molecule below is a GTP-binding protein that is required for the release of a clathrin-coated vesicle from the membrane on which it was formed?

Accepted Answer

A) AP2 
B) GGA 
C) clathrin 
D) dynamin 
E) opsonin 
A) AP2 
B) GGA 
C) clathrin 
D) dynamin 
E) opsonin

Question 5

What is one problem created by the detoxifying enzymes of the SER?

Accepted Answer

A) They often create compounds that cause excessive weight gain. 
B) They often create compounds that cause excessive weight loss. 
C) They can cause a compound to be converted into a carcinogen. 
D) They can cause the denaturation of an essential enzyme or protein. 
E) They can lead to addiction. 
A) They often create compounds that cause excessive weight gain. 
B) They often create compounds that cause excessive weight loss. 
C) They can cause a compound to be converted into a carcinogen. 
D) They can cause the denaturation of an essential enzyme or protein. 
E) They can lead to addiction.

Question 6

The N-terminal targeting sequence of mitochondrial-matrix proteins is ultimately removed by _______ following import into the matrix.

Accepted Answer

A) signal peptidase 
B) mitochondrial processing peptidase 
C) mitochondrial processing lipase 
D) mitochodrial signal peptidase 
E) mitochondrial signalase 
A) signal peptidase 
B) mitochondrial processing peptidase 
C) mitochondrial processing lipase 
D) mitochodrial signal peptidase 
E) mitochondrial signalase

Question 7

Which phosphoinositide is localized at the TGN,secretory granules and synaptic vesicles?

Accepted Answer

A) PI(4,5)P2 
B) PI(4)P 
C) PI(3,5)P2 
D) PI(3)P 
E) PI(5)P 
A) PI(4,5)P2 
B) PI(4)P 
C) PI(3,5)P2 
D) PI(3)P 
E) PI(5)P

Question 8

Substances that enter the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis bind receptors that collect in specialized domains of the plasma membrane called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) coated vesicles 
B) coated pits 
C) RME pits 
D) gap junctions 
E) tight junctions 
A) coated vesicles 
B) coated pits 
C) RME pits 
D) gap junctions 
E) tight junctions

Question 9

What always serves as the donor of a sugar to the growing oligosaccharide chain of a glycoprotein?

Accepted Answer

A) a sugared nucleotide 
B) a nucleotide peptide 
C) a nucleotide sugar 
D) a sugar 
E) ATP 
A) a sugared nucleotide 
B) a nucleotide peptide 
C) a nucleotide sugar 
D) a sugar 
E) ATP

Question 10

What is a lysosomal storage disease?

Accepted Answer

A lysosomal storage disease arises when

Question 11

Once an organelle to be destroyed,like a mitochondrion,has been surrounded with a double membrane,what is the name of the structure that has been produced?

Accepted Answer

A) autophagolysosome 
B) phagolysosome 
C) bacteriophage 
D) phagosome 
E) autophagosome 
A) autophagolysosome 
B) phagolysosome 
C) bacteriophage 
D) phagosome 
E) autophagosome

Question 12

Treatment of lysosomal storage disorders with substrate reduction therapy involves _______.

Accepted Answer

A) targeting functional copies of the missing enzyme to the cell sites where the deficiency is manifested 
B) targeting mutant copies of the missing enzyme to the cell sites where the deficiency is manifested 
C) targeting functional copies of another enzyme to the cell sites where the deficiency is manifested 
D) administration of small molecular weight drugs to inhibit the synthesis of the substances that accumulate in the disease 
E) administration of large molecular weight drugs to inhibit the synthesis of the substances that accumulate in the disease 
A) targeting functional copies of the missing enzyme to the cell sites where the deficiency is manifested 
B) targeting mutant copies of the missing enzyme to the cell sites where the deficiency is manifested 
C) targeting functional copies of another enzyme to the cell sites where the deficiency is manifested 
D) administration of small molecular weight drugs to inhibit the synthesis of the substances that accumulate in the disease 
E) administration of large molecular weight drugs to inhibit the synthesis of the substances that accumulate in the disease

Question 13

In carrying out a pulse-chase experiment,radiolabel appears first over the ER in the basal portion of the cell.It moves next to the Golgi apparatus located centrally.Next,the radiolabel appears in the cell's apical region near a number of small cytoplasmic vesicles.What kind of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

It is a se

Question 14

What subunit(s)of the COPII coat bind(s)to the vesicle membrane to form the outer structural cage of the protein coat?

Accepted Answer

A) Sec31 
B) Sec24 
C) Sec23 
D) Sec13 
E) both Sec31and Sec13 
A) Sec31 
B) Sec24 
C) Sec23 
D) Sec13 
E) both Sec31and Sec13

Question 15

Most vesicles budding from the Golgi body have a fuzzy,electron-dense coat on their ______ surface.The coat appears to be made of _______.

Accepted Answer

A) luminal,protein 
B) cytosolic,protein 
C) luminal,lipid 
D) cytosolic,carbohydrate 
E) cytosolic,lipid 
A) luminal,protein 
B) cytosolic,protein 
C) luminal,lipid 
D) cytosolic,carbohydrate 
E) cytosolic,lipid

Question 16

How do misfolded proteins get to the cytoplasm to be destroyed?

Accepted Answer

A) They diffuse freely through the lipid bilayer. 
B) A process called reverse transcription takes proteins back through the translocons they passed through on their way into the ER lumen. 
C) They diffuse through gap junctions. 
D) An enzyme flips them through the hydrophobic part of the lipid bilayer. 
E) Proteins are transported back to the cytosol through the translocon that brought them into the ER lumen or through a separate dislocation channel of uncertain identity. 
A) They diffuse freely through the lipid bilayer. 
B) A process called reverse transcription takes proteins back through the translocons they passed through on their way into the ER lumen. 
C) They diffuse through gap junctions. 
D) An enzyme flips them through the hydrophobic part of the lipid bilayer. 
E) Proteins are transported back to the cytosol through the translocon that brought them into the ER lumen or through a separate dislocation channel of uncertain identity.

Question 17

Which of the following has not been identified as a phosphoinositide?

Accepted Answer

A) PI(3)P 
B) PI(4)P 
C) PI(5)P 
D) PI(6)P 
E) PI(3,4)P2 
A) PI(3)P 
B) PI(4)P 
C) PI(5)P 
D) PI(6)P 
E) PI(3,4)P2

Question 18

In a pulse-chase procedure,if the chase is longer,which statement below correctly describes the location of the radioactively labeled proteins in the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) closer to the synthesis site 
B) farther from the nucleus 
C) farther from the synthesis site 
D) closer to the nucleus 
E) farther from the mitonchondria 
A) closer to the synthesis site 
B) farther from the nucleus 
C) farther from the synthesis site 
D) closer to the nucleus 
E) farther from the mitonchondria

Question 19

What happens to a newly synthesized glycoprotein after the binding of calnexin or calreticulin to help the protein correctly complete its folding?

Accepted Answer

A) When the glycoprotein's folding is correctly completed,the remaining glucose on its oligosaccharide chain is eventually reduced and the glycoprotein is released from the chaperone. 
B) The oligosaccharide chain is totally degraded 
C) Nothing happens. 
D) When the glycoprotein's folding is correctly completed,the remaining glucose on its oligosaccharide chain is eventually removed enzymatically and the glycoprotein is released from the chaperone. 
E) The oligosaccharide chain is totally degraded. 
A) When the glycoprotein's folding is correctly completed,the remaining glucose on its oligosaccharide chain is eventually reduced and the glycoprotein is released from the chaperone. 
B) The oligosaccharide chain is totally degraded 
C) Nothing happens. 
D) When the glycoprotein's folding is correctly completed,the remaining glucose on its oligosaccharide chain is eventually removed enzymatically and the glycoprotein is released from the chaperone. 
E) The oligosaccharide chain is totally degraded.

Question 20

What powers the movement of proteins into the mitochondrial matrix?

Accepted Answer

A) electric potential across the inner mitochondrial membrane acting on the positively-charged targeting signal 
B) electric potential across the outer mitochondrial membrane acting on the positively-charged targeting signal 
C) ATP 
D) GTP 
E) electric potential across the inner mitochondrial membrane acting on the negatively-charged targeting signal 
A) electric potential across the inner mitochondrial membrane acting on the positively-charged targeting signal 
B) electric potential across the outer mitochondrial membrane acting on the positively-charged targeting signal 
C) ATP 
D) GTP 
E) electric potential across the inner mitochondrial membrane acting on the negatively-charged targeting signal

What are the two functional categories of SNAREs?

Which molecule below is a GTP-binding protein that is required for the release of a clathrin-coated vesicle from the membrane on which it was formed?

What is one problem created by the detoxifying enzymes of the SER?

The N-terminal targeting sequence of mitochondrial-matrix proteins is ultimately removed by _______ following import into the matrix.

Which phosphoinositide is localized at the TGN,secretory granules and synaptic vesicles?

Substances that enter the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis bind receptors that collect in specialized domains of the plasma membrane called ______.

What always serves as the donor of a sugar to the growing oligosaccharide chain of a glycoprotein?

What is a lysosomal storage disease?

Once an organelle to be destroyed,like a mitochondrion,has been surrounded with a double membrane,what is the name of the structure that has been produced?

Treatment of lysosomal storage disorders with substrate reduction therapy involves _______.

In carrying out a pulse-chase experiment,radiolabel appears first over the ER in the basal portion of the cell.It moves next to the Golgi apparatus located centrally.Next,the radiolabel appears in the cell's apical region near a number of small cytoplasmic vesicles.What kind of cell is this?

What subunit(s)of the COPII coat bind(s)to the vesicle membrane to form the outer structural cage of the protein coat?

Most vesicles budding from the Golgi body have a fuzzy,electron-dense coat on their surface.The coat appears to be made of _.

How do misfolded proteins get to the cytoplasm to be destroyed?

Which of the following has not been identified as a phosphoinositide?

In a pulse-chase procedure,if the chase is longer,which statement below correctly describes the location of the radioactively labeled proteins in the cell?

What happens to a newly synthesized glycoprotein after the binding of calnexin or calreticulin to help the protein correctly complete its folding?

What powers the movement of proteins into the mitochondrial matrix?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 8: Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

What are the two functional categories of SNAREs?

Which molecule below is a GTP-binding protein that is required for the release of a clathrin-coated vesicle from the membrane on which it was formed?

What is one problem created by the detoxifying enzymes of the SER?

The N-terminal targeting sequence of mitochondrial-matrix proteins is ultimately removed by _______ following import into the matrix.

Which phosphoinositide is localized at the TGN,secretory granules and synaptic vesicles?

Substances that enter the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis bind receptors that collect in specialized domains of the plasma membrane called ______.

What always serves as the donor of a sugar to the growing oligosaccharide chain of a glycoprotein?

What is a lysosomal storage disease?

Once an organelle to be destroyed,like a mitochondrion,has been surrounded with a double membrane,what is the name of the structure that has been produced?

Treatment of lysosomal storage disorders with substrate reduction therapy involves _______.

In carrying out a pulse-chase experiment,radiolabel appears first over the ER in the basal portion of the cell.It moves next to the Golgi apparatus located centrally.Next,the radiolabel appears in the cell's apical region near a number of small cytoplasmic vesicles.What kind of cell is this?

What subunit(s)of the COPII coat bind(s)to the vesicle membrane to form the outer structural cage of the protein coat?

Most vesicles budding from the Golgi body have a fuzzy,electron-dense coat on their ______ surface.The coat appears to be made of _______.

How do misfolded proteins get to the cytoplasm to be destroyed?

Which of the following has not been identified as a phosphoinositide?

In a pulse-chase procedure,if the chase is longer,which statement below correctly describes the location of the radioactively labeled proteins in the cell?

What happens to a newly synthesized glycoprotein after the binding of calnexin or calreticulin to help the protein correctly complete its folding?

What powers the movement of proteins into the mitochondrial matrix?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Most vesicles budding from the Golgi body have a fuzzy,electron-dense coat on their surface.The coat appears to be made of _.