Question 1

Plant cells are exposed to an inhibitor of H+-ATPase in the tonoplast membrane.What will the immediate effect be?

Accepted Answer

Since the enzyme pumps H⁺ ions

Question 2

Studies of cell physiology that occur in test tubes that do not contain whole cells are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) in vivo systems 
B) cell-free systems 
C) test tube systems 
D) onsite systems 
E) cellonic systems 
A) in vivo systems 
B) cell-free systems 
C) test tube systems 
D) onsite systems 
E) cellonic systems

Question 3

What is the name of the structure in the sperm head that is a specialized lysosome whose contents are released extracellularly to digest the egg's outer covering?

Accepted Answer

A) spermosome 
B) dictyosome 
C) actinosome 
D) acrosome 
E) disovacrosome 
A) spermosome 
B) dictyosome 
C) actinosome 
D) acrosome 
E) disovacrosome

Question 4

What evidence suggests that the translocon,by itself,can properly orient transmembrane segments?

Accepted Answer

A) Studies performed with purified components in cell-free systems show that the translocon,by itself,is capable of properly orienting transmembrane segments. 
B) Reconstituted translocons properly oriented membrane proteins in a natural membrane. 
C) Translocons orient proteins in red blood cells when exposed to them. 
D) Translocons bind to proteins in vitro. 
E) When translocons are missing,membrane proteins are not appropriately oriented. 
A) Studies performed with purified components in cell-free systems show that the translocon,by itself,is capable of properly orienting transmembrane segments. 
B) Reconstituted translocons properly oriented membrane proteins in a natural membrane. 
C) Translocons orient proteins in red blood cells when exposed to them. 
D) Translocons bind to proteins in vitro. 
E) When translocons are missing,membrane proteins are not appropriately oriented.

Question 5

Which of the following strategies is used by Listeria monocytogenes,a bacterium that causes meningitis,to avoid being destroyed by a lysosome's fusion with the phagosome in which it was ingested?

Accepted Answer

A) The bacterium allows fusion with the lysosome,but the acidic pH cannot destroy it. 
B) The bacterium inhibits fusion of the phagosome with a lysosome. 
C) The bacterium allows fusion with the lysosome,but the lysosomal enzymes cannot destroy it. 
D) The bacterium produces proteins that destroy lysosomal membrane integrity so that the bacterium can escape into the cell cytosol. 
E) The bacterium neutralizes the enzymes in the lysosome. 
A) The bacterium allows fusion with the lysosome,but the acidic pH cannot destroy it. 
B) The bacterium inhibits fusion of the phagosome with a lysosome. 
C) The bacterium allows fusion with the lysosome,but the lysosomal enzymes cannot destroy it. 
D) The bacterium produces proteins that destroy lysosomal membrane integrity so that the bacterium can escape into the cell cytosol. 
E) The bacterium neutralizes the enzymes in the lysosome.

Question 6

Phospholipids are made by integral ER membrane enzymes whose active sites face the cytosol and they are inserted into the outer (cytoplasmic)leaflet of the ER membrane.How then do lipids destined for the luminal leaflet of the ER membrane get there?

Accepted Answer

A) They diffuse freely into the luminal leaflet. 
B) There are enzymes called flippases that flip these lipids later into the opposite leaflet. 
C) They are disassembled on the cytoplasmic side and reassembled on the luminal side. 
D) They move to the cytoplasmic leaflet by osmosis. 
E) There are enzymes called translocases that flip these lipids later into the opposite leaflet. 
A) They diffuse freely into the luminal leaflet. 
B) There are enzymes called flippases that flip these lipids later into the opposite leaflet. 
C) They are disassembled on the cytoplasmic side and reassembled on the luminal side. 
D) They move to the cytoplasmic leaflet by osmosis. 
E) There are enzymes called translocases that flip these lipids later into the opposite leaflet.

Question 7

What kind of molecule has been implicated in preparing polypeptides for mitochondrial uptake,including those that specifically direct mitochondrial proteins to the cytosolic surface of the outer mitochondrial membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) proteases 
B) aggregases 
C) molecular chaperones 
D) carbohydratase 
E) pronases 
A) proteases 
B) aggregases 
C) molecular chaperones 
D) carbohydratase 
E) pronases

Question 8

What happened to COPI-coated vesicles within the cell when the cell was treated with GTP analogues that could not be hydrolyzed?

Accepted Answer

A) They accumulated in the nucleus. 
B) They accumulated in the cytoplasm. 
C) They fused into one giant vesicle that was seen in the cytoplasm. 
D) They decreased substantially in number in the nucleus. 
E) They decreased substantially in number in the cytoplasm. 
A) They accumulated in the nucleus. 
B) They accumulated in the cytoplasm. 
C) They fused into one giant vesicle that was seen in the cytoplasm. 
D) They decreased substantially in number in the nucleus. 
E) They decreased substantially in number in the cytoplasm.

Question 9

Which of the following enzymes are typically found in lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolytic enzymes (acid hydrolases) 
B) oxidoreductases 
C) transferases 
D) lyases 
E) ligases 
A) hydrolytic enzymes (acid hydrolases) 
B) oxidoreductases 
C) transferases 
D) lyases 
E) ligases

Question 10

What are the differences between ribosomes that make secretory proteins and those that make proteins intended for the cytosol?

Accepted Answer

A) The ribosomes that make secretory proteins are smaller. 
B) The ribosomes that make cytosolic proteins are larger. 
C) There are no differences between them. 
D) The ribosomes that make secretory proteins are denser. 
E) The ribosomes that secretory proteins have extra subunits. 
A) The ribosomes that make secretory proteins are smaller. 
B) The ribosomes that make cytosolic proteins are larger. 
C) There are no differences between them. 
D) The ribosomes that make secretory proteins are denser. 
E) The ribosomes that secretory proteins have extra subunits.

Question 11

How do misfolded proteins get to the cytoplasm to be destroyed?

Accepted Answer

A) They diffuse freely through the lipid bilayer. 
B) A process called reverse transcription takes proteins back through the translocons they passed through on their way into the ER lumen. 
C) They diffuse through gap junctions. 
D) An enzyme flips them through the hydrophobic part of the lipid bilayer. 
E) Proteins are transported back to the cytosol through the translocon that brought them into the ER lumen or through a separate dislocation channel of uncertain identity. 
A) They diffuse freely through the lipid bilayer. 
B) A process called reverse transcription takes proteins back through the translocons they passed through on their way into the ER lumen. 
C) They diffuse through gap junctions. 
D) An enzyme flips them through the hydrophobic part of the lipid bilayer. 
E) Proteins are transported back to the cytosol through the translocon that brought them into the ER lumen or through a separate dislocation channel of uncertain identity.

Question 12

Which of the following is a mitochondrial subcompartment into which proteins can be delivered?

Accepted Answer

A) outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) 
B) inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) 
C) intermembrane space 
D) matrix 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) 
B) inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) 
C) intermembrane space 
D) matrix 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 13

The targeting sequence of mitochondrial-matrix proteins is found at the molecule's N-terminus and includes a number of positively charged residues.What is this targeting sequence called?

Accepted Answer

A) PTS 
B) mPTS 
C) signal peptide 
D) presequence 
E) mitochondrial targeting signal 
A) PTS 
B) mPTS 
C) signal peptide 
D) presequence 
E) mitochondrial targeting signal

Question 14

Which of the proteins below is(are)not made on the membrane-bound ribosomes of the RER?

Accepted Answer

A) peripheral proteins of the inner surface of the plasma membrane 
B) soluble lysosomal proteins 
C) vacuolar enzymes 
D) proteins of the extracellular matrix 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) peripheral proteins of the inner surface of the plasma membrane 
B) soluble lysosomal proteins 
C) vacuolar enzymes 
D) proteins of the extracellular matrix 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 15

What happens to the clathrin coat once the vesicle has budded from the Golgi body?

Accepted Answer

A) It is lost. 
B) It is strengthened. 
C) It is rearranged. 
D) It is thickened. 
E) It swells. 
A) It is lost. 
B) It is strengthened. 
C) It is rearranged. 
D) It is thickened. 
E) It swells.

Question 16

What is the effect on a yeast cell of the presence of a mutant gene involved in vesicle fusion?

Accepted Answer

A) The ER shrank. 
B) The nucleus became swollen. 
C) The Golgi complex expanded greatly. 
D) Cells accumulated expanded ER cisternae. 
E) Cells amassed an excess number of unfused vesicles. 
A) The ER shrank. 
B) The nucleus became swollen. 
C) The Golgi complex expanded greatly. 
D) Cells accumulated expanded ER cisternae. 
E) Cells amassed an excess number of unfused vesicles.

Question 17

Which protein(s)below is(are)recruited to the COPII coat by Sar1-GTP?

Accepted Answer

A) ARF1 
B) Sec23 
C) Sec32 
D) Sec24 
E) both Sec23 and Sec24 
A) ARF1 
B) Sec23 
C) Sec32 
D) Sec24 
E) both Sec23 and Sec24

Question 18

The SRP and SRP receptor are thought to bind GTP ______ interacting with each other.

Accepted Answer

A) while 
B) before 
C) after 
D) before and after 
E) instead of 
A) while 
B) before 
C) after 
D) before and after 
E) instead of

Question 19

Drugs that lower blood LDL levels are referred to as _______.

Accepted Answer

A) olefins 
B) statins 
C) ancestrins 
D) cholestrins 
E) cholestrans 
A) olefins 
B) statins 
C) ancestrins 
D) cholestrins 
E) cholestrans

Question 20

What determines the function of a cell's smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

A) its lipid content 
B) its polynucleotide content 
C) its carbohydrate content 
D) its protein content 
E) its age 
A) its lipid content 
B) its polynucleotide content 
C) its carbohydrate content 
D) its protein content 
E) its age

Plant cells are exposed to an inhibitor of H⁺-ATPase in the tonoplast membrane.What will the immediate effect be?

Studies of cell physiology that occur in test tubes that do not contain whole cells are called ______.

What is the name of the structure in the sperm head that is a specialized lysosome whose contents are released extracellularly to digest the egg's outer covering?

What evidence suggests that the translocon,by itself,can properly orient transmembrane segments?

Which of the following strategies is used by Listeria monocytogenes,a bacterium that causes meningitis,to avoid being destroyed by a lysosome's fusion with the phagosome in which it was ingested?

Phospholipids are made by integral ER membrane enzymes whose active sites face the cytosol and they are inserted into the outer (cytoplasmic)leaflet of the ER membrane.How then do lipids destined for the luminal leaflet of the ER membrane get there?

What kind of molecule has been implicated in preparing polypeptides for mitochondrial uptake,including those that specifically direct mitochondrial proteins to the cytosolic surface of the outer mitochondrial membrane?

What happened to COPI-coated vesicles within the cell when the cell was treated with GTP analogues that could not be hydrolyzed?

Which of the following enzymes are typically found in lysosomes?

What are the differences between ribosomes that make secretory proteins and those that make proteins intended for the cytosol?

How do misfolded proteins get to the cytoplasm to be destroyed?

Which of the following is a mitochondrial subcompartment into which proteins can be delivered?

The targeting sequence of mitochondrial-matrix proteins is found at the molecule's N-terminus and includes a number of positively charged residues.What is this targeting sequence called?

Which of the proteins below is(are)not made on the membrane-bound ribosomes of the RER?

What happens to the clathrin coat once the vesicle has budded from the Golgi body?

What is the effect on a yeast cell of the presence of a mutant gene involved in vesicle fusion?

Which protein(s)below is(are)recruited to the COPII coat by Sar1-GTP?

The SRP and SRP receptor are thought to bind GTP ______ interacting with each other.

Drugs that lower blood LDL levels are referred to as _______.

What determines the function of a cell's smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 8: Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

Plant cells are exposed to an inhibitor of H+-ATPase in the tonoplast membrane.What will the immediate effect be?

Studies of cell physiology that occur in test tubes that do not contain whole cells are called ______.

What is the name of the structure in the sperm head that is a specialized lysosome whose contents are released extracellularly to digest the egg's outer covering?

What evidence suggests that the translocon,by itself,can properly orient transmembrane segments?

Which of the following strategies is used by Listeria monocytogenes,a bacterium that causes meningitis,to avoid being destroyed by a lysosome's fusion with the phagosome in which it was ingested?

Phospholipids are made by integral ER membrane enzymes whose active sites face the cytosol and they are inserted into the outer (cytoplasmic)leaflet of the ER membrane.How then do lipids destined for the luminal leaflet of the ER membrane get there?

What kind of molecule has been implicated in preparing polypeptides for mitochondrial uptake,including those that specifically direct mitochondrial proteins to the cytosolic surface of the outer mitochondrial membrane?

What happened to COPI-coated vesicles within the cell when the cell was treated with GTP analogues that could not be hydrolyzed?

Which of the following enzymes are typically found in lysosomes?

What are the differences between ribosomes that make secretory proteins and those that make proteins intended for the cytosol?

How do misfolded proteins get to the cytoplasm to be destroyed?

Which of the following is a mitochondrial subcompartment into which proteins can be delivered?

The targeting sequence of mitochondrial-matrix proteins is found at the molecule's N-terminus and includes a number of positively charged residues.What is this targeting sequence called?

Which of the proteins below is(are)not made on the membrane-bound ribosomes of the RER?

What happens to the clathrin coat once the vesicle has budded from the Golgi body?

What is the effect on a yeast cell of the presence of a mutant gene involved in vesicle fusion?

Which protein(s)below is(are)recruited to the COPII coat by Sar1-GTP?

The SRP and SRP receptor are thought to bind GTP ______ interacting with each other.

Drugs that lower blood LDL levels are referred to as _______.

What determines the function of a cell's smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Plant cells are exposed to an inhibitor of H⁺-ATPase in the tonoplast membrane.What will the immediate effect be?