Question 1

What types of molecules below can a cell internalize by receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A) hormones and growth factors 
B) enzymes 
C) bloode-borne proteins carrying certain nutrients 
D) hormones and growth factors and enzymes 
E) All of these are correct 
A) hormones and growth factors 
B) enzymes 
C) bloode-borne proteins carrying certain nutrients 
D) hormones and growth factors and enzymes 
E) All of these are correct

Question 2

What are the functions of housekeeping receptors in the endocytic pathway? What is the function of signaling receptors in the endocytic pathway? How do the fates of housekeeping and signaling receptors generally differ?

Accepted Answer

Housekeeping receptors in the endocytic

Question 3

When Rabs have bound to GTP,what do they do?

Accepted Answer

A) They fuse membranes directly. 
B) They pass through the membrane. 
C) They recruit specific cytosolic tethering proteins to specific membrane surfaces. 
D) They denature specific membrane proteins. 
E) They fuse to the nuclear membrane. 
A) They fuse membranes directly. 
B) They pass through the membrane. 
C) They recruit specific cytosolic tethering proteins to specific membrane surfaces. 
D) They denature specific membrane proteins. 
E) They fuse to the nuclear membrane.

Question 4

The separation of organelles or vesicles derived from different organelles is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) cell division 
B) mitosis 
C) meiosis 
D) subcellular fractionation 
E) cell ostentation 
A) cell division 
B) mitosis 
C) meiosis 
D) subcellular fractionation 
E) cell ostentation

Question 5

What is thought to dissociate the 4-stranded SNARE complex by attaching to the SNARE bundle and,using energy from ATP hydrolysis,twisting it apart?

Accepted Answer

A) a doughnut-shaped,cytosolic protein called NSF 
B) a doughnut-shaped,cytosolic protein called ARF1 
C) a doughnut-shaped,cytosolic protein called Rab 
D) a cylindrical,cytosolic protein called NSF 
E) a cylindrical,cytosolic protein called ARF1 
A) a doughnut-shaped,cytosolic protein called NSF 
B) a doughnut-shaped,cytosolic protein called ARF1 
C) a doughnut-shaped,cytosolic protein called Rab 
D) a cylindrical,cytosolic protein called NSF 
E) a cylindrical,cytosolic protein called ARF1

Question 6

Why does glucocerebrosidase taken into macrophages by receptor-mediated endocytosis end up in lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) The enzyme travels through the cytoplasm to get to lysosomes. 
B) The enzyme denatures and then goes through a channel into lysosomes. 
C) Lysosomes are the natural target of enzymes taken into macrophages by endocytosis. 
D) Lysosomes adsorb glucocerebrosidase to their surfaces. 
E) Lysosomes pick up the enzyme from mitochondria. 
A) The enzyme travels through the cytoplasm to get to lysosomes. 
B) The enzyme denatures and then goes through a channel into lysosomes. 
C) Lysosomes are the natural target of enzymes taken into macrophages by endocytosis. 
D) Lysosomes adsorb glucocerebrosidase to their surfaces. 
E) Lysosomes pick up the enzyme from mitochondria.

Question 7

What is the arrangement of organelles in a secretory cell from the basal end to the apical end,an arrangement that reflects the flow of secretory products from synthesis to discharge?

Accepted Answer

A) nucleus and RER - SER - Golgi complex - secretory vesicles 
B) Golgi complex - nucleus and RER - SER - secretory vesicles 
C) nucleus and RER - Golgi complex - SER - secretory vesicles 
D) SER - nucleus and RER - Golgi complex - secretory vesicles 
E) secretory vesicles - nucleus and RER - SER - Golgi complex 
A) nucleus and RER - SER - Golgi complex - secretory vesicles 
B) Golgi complex - nucleus and RER - SER - secretory vesicles 
C) nucleus and RER - Golgi complex - SER - secretory vesicles 
D) SER - nucleus and RER - Golgi complex - secretory vesicles 
E) secretory vesicles - nucleus and RER - SER - Golgi complex

Question 8

Which of the models below suggests that the Golgi cisternae are transient structures that form at the cis face of the stack by fusion of membranous carriers from the ER and ERGIC and that each cisterna travels through the Golgi complex from the cis to the trans end of the stack,changing in composition as it progresses?

Accepted Answer

A) the cisternal maturation model 
B) the cargo carrying model 
C) the vesicular transport model 
D) the secretory transport model 
E) the chemiosmotic model 
A) the cisternal maturation model 
B) the cargo carrying model 
C) the vesicular transport model 
D) the secretory transport model 
E) the chemiosmotic model

Question 9

What is it about lysosomes that initially deactivates most ingested bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) low pH 
B) high pH 
C) neutral pH 
D) lysosomal carbohydrate content 
E) lysosomal lipid content 
A) low pH 
B) high pH 
C) neutral pH 
D) lysosomal carbohydrate content 
E) lysosomal lipid content

Question 10

Synaptic vesicle fusion to the presynaptic membrane in a neuron is regulated by what calcium-binding protein found in the membrane of the synaptic vesicle?

Accepted Answer

A) synaptin 
B) synaptogenin 
C) calmodulin 
D) calcitonin 
E) synaptotagmin 
A) synaptin 
B) synaptogenin 
C) calmodulin 
D) calcitonin 
E) synaptotagmin

Question 11

How does GT recognize incompletely folded or misfolded proteins that have been recently synthesized?

Accepted Answer

A) Such proteins display exposed hydrophilic residues that are absent from properly folded proteins. 
B) Five histidine residues are exposed on the protein's surface when it is improperly folded. 
C) Such proteins display exposed hydrophobic residues that are absent from properly folded proteins. 
D) Six arginine residues are exposed on the protein's surface when it is improperly folded. 
E) Such proteins display numerous carboxyl groups on their surfaces,which decreases their solubility. 
A) Such proteins display exposed hydrophilic residues that are absent from properly folded proteins. 
B) Five histidine residues are exposed on the protein's surface when it is improperly folded. 
C) Such proteins display exposed hydrophobic residues that are absent from properly folded proteins. 
D) Six arginine residues are exposed on the protein's surface when it is improperly folded. 
E) Such proteins display numerous carboxyl groups on their surfaces,which decreases their solubility.

Question 12

Why does the cell use proteasomes to destroy misfolded proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) Destruction of misfolded proteins assures that aberrant proteins are not sent to other parts of the cell. 
B) These proteins can be degraded into components that can be used to make polynucleotides. 
C) These proteins are degraded into components that can be used to make polysaccharides. 
D) These proteins are degraded into components that are used to make lipids. 
E) Destruction of misfolded proteins prevents the dissolution of the plasma membrane. 
A) Destruction of misfolded proteins assures that aberrant proteins are not sent to other parts of the cell. 
B) These proteins can be degraded into components that can be used to make polynucleotides. 
C) These proteins are degraded into components that can be used to make polysaccharides. 
D) These proteins are degraded into components that are used to make lipids. 
E) Destruction of misfolded proteins prevents the dissolution of the plasma membrane.

Question 13

Which list below names the compartments into which chloroplast proteins must be imported?

Accepted Answer

A) inner and outer chloroplast membranes,the intermembrane space,the stroma,thylakoid membranes,thylakoid lumen 
B) inner and outer chloroplast membranes,the intercristal space,the stroma,thylakoid membranes,thylakoid lumen 
C) inner and outer chloroplast membranes,the intermembrane space,the cytoplasm,thylakoid membranes,thylakoid lumen 
D) inner and medial chloroplast membranes,the intermembrane space,the stroma,thylakoid membranes,thylakoid lumen 
E) inner and outer chloroplast membranes,the intermembrane space,the stroma,cristae membranes,thylakoid lumen 
A) inner and outer chloroplast membranes,the intermembrane space,the stroma,thylakoid membranes,thylakoid lumen 
B) inner and outer chloroplast membranes,the intercristal space,the stroma,thylakoid membranes,thylakoid lumen 
C) inner and outer chloroplast membranes,the intermembrane space,the cytoplasm,thylakoid membranes,thylakoid lumen 
D) inner and medial chloroplast membranes,the intermembrane space,the stroma,thylakoid membranes,thylakoid lumen 
E) inner and outer chloroplast membranes,the intermembrane space,the stroma,cristae membranes,thylakoid lumen

Question 14

What is responsible for adding sugars to dolichol phosphate?

Accepted Answer

A) membrane-bound glycosyltransferases 
B) membrane-bound oligosaccharyltransferase 
C) membrane-bound gangliosidase 
D) glycosylsynthetase 
E) peptidyltransferase 
A) membrane-bound glycosyltransferases 
B) membrane-bound oligosaccharyltransferase 
C) membrane-bound gangliosidase 
D) glycosylsynthetase 
E) peptidyltransferase

Question 15

The mRNA for a well-known secretory protein is isolated and placed in a test tube in the presence of all the substances required for in vitro protein synthesis.The sequence of the protein produced in vitro is then compared to the sequence of the purified secretory protein.The sequences of the two proteins are not the same.What is the explanation?

Accepted Answer

A short expanse of hydrophobic

Question 16

What is usually the retrieval signal for ER integral membrane proteins,like the SRP receptor?

Accepted Answer

A) KKXX at the C-terminus of the protein 
B) KDEL at the C-terminus of the protein 
C) KDEL at the N-terminus of the protein 
D) KKXX at the N-terminus of the protein 
E) KXEL at the C-terminus of the protein 
A) KKXX at the C-terminus of the protein 
B) KDEL at the C-terminus of the protein 
C) KDEL at the N-terminus of the protein 
D) KKXX at the N-terminus of the protein 
E) KXEL at the C-terminus of the protein

Question 17

What are the two sites within a cell at which protein synthesis is generally thought to occur?

Accepted Answer

A) cytosolic surface of RER and cisternal surface of RER 
B) cytosolic surface of RER and free ribosomes 
C) cisternal surface of RER and free ribosomes 
D) free ribosomes and cytosolic surface of SER 
E) cytosolic surface of RER and cytosolic surface of SER 
A) cytosolic surface of RER and cisternal surface of RER 
B) cytosolic surface of RER and free ribosomes 
C) cisternal surface of RER and free ribosomes 
D) free ribosomes and cytosolic surface of SER 
E) cytosolic surface of RER and cytosolic surface of SER

Question 18

What always serves as the donor of a sugar to the growing oligosaccharide chain of a glycoprotein?

Accepted Answer

A) a sugared nucleotide 
B) a nucleotide peptide 
C) a nucleotide sugar 
D) a sugar 
E) ATP 
A) a sugared nucleotide 
B) a nucleotide peptide 
C) a nucleotide sugar 
D) a sugar 
E) ATP

Question 19

The _______ binds integral proteins of the inner mitochondrial membrane and inserts them into lipid bilayer and the ______ binds matrix proteins and translocates them completely through the inner mitochondrial membrane into the aqueous matrix compartment.

Accepted Answer

A) TIM complex,TOM complex 
B) TOM complex,TIM complex 
C) TIM22 complex,TIM23 complex 
D) TIM23 complex,TIM22 complex 
E) TOM complex,TIM23 complex 
A) TIM complex,TOM complex 
B) TOM complex,TIM complex 
C) TIM22 complex,TIM23 complex 
D) TIM23 complex,TIM22 complex 
E) TOM complex,TIM23 complex

Question 20

What process is responsible for organelle turnover in the cell and carries out the regulated destruction of the cell's own organelles for the purpose of recycling the components of which they are made?

Accepted Answer

A) autolysis 
B) autophagolysosome 
C) apoptosis 
D) autophagy 
E) autonomy 
A) autolysis 
B) autophagolysosome 
C) apoptosis 
D) autophagy 
E) autonomy

What types of molecules below can a cell internalize by receptor-mediated endocytosis?

What are the functions of housekeeping receptors in the endocytic pathway? What is the function of signaling receptors in the endocytic pathway? How do the fates of housekeeping and signaling receptors generally differ?

When Rabs have bound to GTP,what do they do?

The separation of organelles or vesicles derived from different organelles is called ______.

What is thought to dissociate the 4-stranded SNARE complex by attaching to the SNARE bundle and,using energy from ATP hydrolysis,twisting it apart?

Why does glucocerebrosidase taken into macrophages by receptor-mediated endocytosis end up in lysosomes?

What is the arrangement of organelles in a secretory cell from the basal end to the apical end,an arrangement that reflects the flow of secretory products from synthesis to discharge?

What is it about lysosomes that initially deactivates most ingested bacteria?

Synaptic vesicle fusion to the presynaptic membrane in a neuron is regulated by what calcium-binding protein found in the membrane of the synaptic vesicle?

How does GT recognize incompletely folded or misfolded proteins that have been recently synthesized?

Why does the cell use proteasomes to destroy misfolded proteins?

Which list below names the compartments into which chloroplast proteins must be imported?

What is responsible for adding sugars to dolichol phosphate?

What is usually the retrieval signal for ER integral membrane proteins,like the SRP receptor?

What are the two sites within a cell at which protein synthesis is generally thought to occur?

What always serves as the donor of a sugar to the growing oligosaccharide chain of a glycoprotein?

The _ binds integral proteins of the inner mitochondrial membrane and inserts them into lipid bilayer and the binds matrix proteins and translocates them completely through the inner mitochondrial membrane into the aqueous matrix compartment.

What process is responsible for organelle turnover in the cell and carries out the regulated destruction of the cell's own organelles for the purpose of recycling the components of which they are made?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 8: Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

What types of molecules below can a cell internalize by receptor-mediated endocytosis?

What are the functions of housekeeping receptors in the endocytic pathway? What is the function of signaling receptors in the endocytic pathway? How do the fates of housekeeping and signaling receptors generally differ?

When Rabs have bound to GTP,what do they do?

The separation of organelles or vesicles derived from different organelles is called ______.

What is thought to dissociate the 4-stranded SNARE complex by attaching to the SNARE bundle and,using energy from ATP hydrolysis,twisting it apart?

Why does glucocerebrosidase taken into macrophages by receptor-mediated endocytosis end up in lysosomes?

What is the arrangement of organelles in a secretory cell from the basal end to the apical end,an arrangement that reflects the flow of secretory products from synthesis to discharge?

What is it about lysosomes that initially deactivates most ingested bacteria?

Synaptic vesicle fusion to the presynaptic membrane in a neuron is regulated by what calcium-binding protein found in the membrane of the synaptic vesicle?

How does GT recognize incompletely folded or misfolded proteins that have been recently synthesized?

Why does the cell use proteasomes to destroy misfolded proteins?

Which list below names the compartments into which chloroplast proteins must be imported?

What is responsible for adding sugars to dolichol phosphate?

What is usually the retrieval signal for ER integral membrane proteins,like the SRP receptor?

What are the two sites within a cell at which protein synthesis is generally thought to occur?

What always serves as the donor of a sugar to the growing oligosaccharide chain of a glycoprotein?

The _______ binds integral proteins of the inner mitochondrial membrane and inserts them into lipid bilayer and the ______ binds matrix proteins and translocates them completely through the inner mitochondrial membrane into the aqueous matrix compartment.

What process is responsible for organelle turnover in the cell and carries out the regulated destruction of the cell's own organelles for the purpose of recycling the components of which they are made?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

The _ binds integral proteins of the inner mitochondrial membrane and inserts them into lipid bilayer and the binds matrix proteins and translocates them completely through the inner mitochondrial membrane into the aqueous matrix compartment.