Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding sexual and asexual reproduction is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell division only occurs after sexual reproduction. 
B)  Only offspring from asexual reproduction inherit traits from two parents. 
C)  Sexual reproduction typically includes the development of unfertilized eggs. 
D)  Sexual reproduction is more likely to increase genetic variation than is asexual reproduction. 
A)  Cell division only occurs after sexual reproduction. 
B)  Only offspring from asexual reproduction inherit traits from two parents. 
C)  Sexual reproduction typically includes the development of unfertilized eggs. 
D)  Sexual reproduction is more likely to increase genetic variation than is asexual reproduction.

Question 2

During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope re-form?

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  prophase 
D)  telophase 
A)  anaphase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  prophase 
D)  telophase

Question 3

Source: Adapted from C. A. Huether et al., Maternal age specific risk rate estimates for Down syndrome among live births in whites and other races from Ohio and Metropolitan Atlanta, 1970-1989, Journal of Medical Genetics 35: 482-90 (1998). Figure 8.20B Maternal age and incidence of Down syndrome
-What is the stage of cell division in a diploid organism if you see seven chromosomes, each consisting of a pair of sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitosis prophase 
B)  mitosis anaphase 
C)  meiosis I anaphase 
D)  meiosis II prophase 
A)  mitosis prophase 
B)  mitosis anaphase 
C)  meiosis I anaphase 
D)  meiosis II prophase

Question 4

You have two flasks (labeled A and B) that each contain an equal population of normal animal cells. You place flask A in a machine called a shaking incubator, which shakes the flask at 37°C and keeps the cells moving so as to not allow them to adhere to the bottom of the flask. Flask B is allowed to sit in an incubator (without shaking) at 37°C. If you let the cells in each flask grow for a week, which of the following results are you most likely to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cells in flask A will have grown significantly, but the cells in flask B will have not grown at all. 
B)  The cells in both flasks A and B will have grown significantly. 
C)  The cells in both flasks A and B will have not grown at all. 
D)  The cells in flask B will have grown significantly, but the cells in flask A will have not grown at all. 
A)  The cells in flask A will have grown significantly, but the cells in flask B will have not grown at all. 
B)  The cells in both flasks A and B will have grown significantly. 
C)  The cells in both flasks A and B will have not grown at all. 
D)  The cells in flask B will have grown significantly, but the cells in flask A will have not grown at all.

Question 5

A technique called flow cytometry is used by scientists and researchers to count or sort cells based on specific properties. By labeling cellular DNA with a fluorescent dye, flow cytometry can sort cells based on the amount of DNA present, thereby making it possible to distinguish between cells that are in different stages of the cell cycle. Flow cytometry is especially useful to the medical community because it can help with the diagnosis of certain types of cancers. Below is a typical set of data that you might obtain when running a flow cytometry experiment using a sample of healthy skin cells. Use this figure to help you answer the following questions.   After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
-Which peak corresponds to cells in G1? In S phase? In G2?

Accepted Answer

A)  A: G1; B: G2; C: S 
B)  A: G2; B: S; C: G1 
C)  A: S; B: G1; C: G2 
D)  A: G1; B: S; C: G2 
A)  A: G1; B: G2; C: S 
B)  A: G2; B: S; C: G1 
C)  A: S; B: G1; C: G2 
D)  A: G1; B: S; C: G2

Question 6

Asexual reproduction requires ________ individual(s), whereas sexual reproduction requires ________ individual(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  1; 1 
B)  1; 2 
C)  2; 1 
D)  2; 2 
A)  1; 1 
B)  1; 2 
C)  2; 1 
D)  2; 2

Question 7

Which of the following statements regarding mitosis and meiosis is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitosis provides for growth and tissue repair. 
B)  Meiosis provides for asexual reproduction. 
C)  In mitosis, the chromosomes replicate only once in the preceding interphase. 
D)  All the events unique to meiosis occur during meiosis I. 
A)  Mitosis provides for growth and tissue repair. 
B)  Meiosis provides for asexual reproduction. 
C)  In mitosis, the chromosomes replicate only once in the preceding interphase. 
D)  All the events unique to meiosis occur during meiosis I.

Question 8

Which of the following types of organisms commonly demonstrates polyploidy?

Accepted Answer

A)  mammals 
B)  reptiles 
C)  flowering plants 
D)  fish 
A)  mammals 
B)  reptiles 
C)  flowering plants 
D)  fish

Question 9

The phase of mitosis during which the mitotic spindle begins to form is

Accepted Answer

A)  interphase. 
B)  prophase. 
C)  metaphase. 
D)  anaphase. 
A)  interphase. 
B)  prophase. 
C)  metaphase. 
D)  anaphase.

Question 10

A technique called flow cytometry is used by scientists and researchers to count or sort cells based on specific properties. By labeling cellular DNA with a fluorescent dye, flow cytometry can sort cells based on the amount of DNA present, thereby making it possible to distinguish between cells that are in different stages of the cell cycle. Flow cytometry is especially useful to the medical community because it can help with the diagnosis of certain types of cancers. Below is a typical set of data that you might obtain when running a flow cytometry experiment using a sample of healthy skin cells. Use this figure to help you answer the following questions.   After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
-In this sample of cells, what stage of the cell cycle are most of the cells in?

Accepted Answer

A)  G1 
B)  S 
C)  G2 
D)  mitosis 
A)  G1 
B)  S 
C)  G2 
D)  mitosis

Question 11

Source: Adapted from C. A. Huether et al., Maternal age specific risk rate estimates for Down syndrome among live births in whites and other races from Ohio and Metropolitan Atlanta, 1970-1989, Journal of Medical Genetics 35: 482-90 (1998). Figure 8.20B Maternal age and incidence of Down syndrome
-You are studying chromosomal movement in a frog species whose haploid number is 3. What will you see in meiosis I prophase of this cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  three chromosomes, each made up of sister chromatids (double-stranded) 
B)  six chromosomes, each made up of sister chromatids (double-stranded) 
C)  three chromosomes, each single-stranded (unduplicated) 
A)  three chromosomes, each made up of sister chromatids (double-stranded) 
B)  six chromosomes, each made up of sister chromatids (double-stranded) 
C)  three chromosomes, each single-stranded (unduplicated)

Question 12

Which of the following variations of the sentence "Where is the cat?" is most like a chromosomal inversion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Where is cat? 
B)  Where is the the cat? 
C)  Where the is cat? 
D)  Where is cat the the cat? 
A)  Where is cat? 
B)  Where is the the cat? 
C)  Where the is cat? 
D)  Where is cat the the cat?

Question 13

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from prokaryotic chromosomes in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  are simpler. 
B)  are circular in structure. 
C)  include fewer proteins. 
D)  are housed in a membrane-enclosed nucleus. 
A)  are simpler. 
B)  are circular in structure. 
C)  include fewer proteins. 
D)  are housed in a membrane-enclosed nucleus.

Question 14

You are asked to culture an unidentified sample of animal tissue. You notice that the cells seem to fail to exhibit density-dependent inhibition. The source of this tissue sample is most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  a cancerous tumor. 
B)  skin from a human. 
C)  liver from a cow. 
D)  sperm-producing tissue of the testis. 
A)  a cancerous tumor. 
B)  skin from a human. 
C)  liver from a cow. 
D)  sperm-producing tissue of the testis.

Question 15

Jacobsen syndrome, which can cause heart defects, intellectual deficiencies, and bleeding disorders, is caused by a deletion of the terminal end of chromosome 11. What method could you use to determine whether an individual has Jacobsen syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Look at a person's skin cells in G1 under a light microscope. 
B)  Perform a karyotype using a person's white blood cells. 
C)  Place a person's red blood cells in culture to see if they grow. 
D)  Count the number of chromosomes present. 
A)  Look at a person's skin cells in G1 under a light microscope. 
B)  Perform a karyotype using a person's white blood cells. 
C)  Place a person's red blood cells in culture to see if they grow. 
D)  Count the number of chromosomes present.

Question 16

When observing a bird skin cell in G2 under a microscope, you count 160 total chromatids. How many chromosomes does a male chicken have in its sperm cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  320 
B)  160 
C)  80 
D)  40 
A)  320 
B)  160 
C)  80 
D)  40

Question 17

Which of the following statements correctly describes the behavior of a tetrad during anaphase I of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It travels intact to one pole of the dividing cell. 
B)  It splits into two pairs of sister chromatids, and one pair goes to each pole of the dividing cell. 
C)  It splits into two pairs of homologous, nonsister chromatids, and one pair goes to each pole of the dividing cell. 
D)  It splits into four chromosomes, which distribute in random pairs to the two poles of the dividing cell. 
A)  It travels intact to one pole of the dividing cell. 
B)  It splits into two pairs of sister chromatids, and one pair goes to each pole of the dividing cell. 
C)  It splits into two pairs of homologous, nonsister chromatids, and one pair goes to each pole of the dividing cell. 
D)  It splits into four chromosomes, which distribute in random pairs to the two poles of the dividing cell.

Question 18

Source: Adapted from C. A. Huether et al., Maternal age specific risk rate estimates for Down syndrome among live births in whites and other races from Ohio and Metropolitan Atlanta, 1970-1989, Journal of Medical Genetics 35: 482-90 (1998). Figure 8.20B Maternal age and incidence of Down syndrome
-If scientists studying cancer could understand how to promote cell division in cells that do not ordinarily divide, this might help people who had injuries involving

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle or nerve cells. 
B)  intestinal cells. 
C)  bone cells. 
D)  skin cells. 
A)  muscle or nerve cells. 
B)  intestinal cells. 
C)  bone cells. 
D)  skin cells.

Question 19

Looking into your microscope, you spot an unusual cell. Instead of the typical rounded cell shape, the cell has a very narrow middle separating two bulging ends. It sort of looks like the number 8! You realize that this cell is

Accepted Answer

A)  undergoing cytokinesis. 
B)  in the S phase of interphase. 
C)  in the G1 phase of interphase. 
D)  about to undergo mitosis. 
A)  undergoing cytokinesis. 
B)  in the S phase of interphase. 
C)  in the G1 phase of interphase. 
D)  about to undergo mitosis.

Question 20

With the exception of identical twins, siblings who have the same two biological parents are likely to look similar, but not identical, to each other because they have

Accepted Answer

A)  identical chromosomes but different genes. 
B)  identical genes but different chromosomes. 
C)  the same combination of traits but different genes. 
D)  a similar but not identical combination of genes. 
A)  identical chromosomes but different genes. 
B)  identical genes but different chromosomes. 
C)  the same combination of traits but different genes. 
D)  a similar but not identical combination of genes.

Exam 8: The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Which of the following statements regarding sexual and asexual reproduction is true?

During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope re-form?

Asexual reproduction requires ________ individual(s), whereas sexual reproduction requires ________ individual(s).

Which of the following statements regarding mitosis and meiosis is false?

Which of the following types of organisms commonly demonstrates polyploidy?

The phase of mitosis during which the mitotic spindle begins to form is

Which of the following variations of the sentence "Where is the cat?" is most like a chromosomal inversion?

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from prokaryotic chromosomes in that they

You are asked to culture an unidentified sample of animal tissue. You notice that the cells seem to fail to exhibit density-dependent inhibition. The source of this tissue sample is most likely

Jacobsen syndrome, which can cause heart defects, intellectual deficiencies, and bleeding disorders, is caused by a deletion of the terminal end of chromosome 11. What method could you use to determine whether an individual has Jacobsen syndrome?

When observing a bird skin cell in G2 under a microscope, you count 160 total chromatids. How many chromosomes does a male chicken have in its sperm cells?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the behavior of a tetrad during anaphase I of meiosis?

Looking into your microscope, you spot an unusual cell. Instead of the typical rounded cell shape, the cell has a very narrow middle separating two bulging ends. It sort of looks like the number 8! You realize that this cell is

With the exception of identical twins, siblings who have the same two biological parents are likely to look similar, but not identical, to each other because they have

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

The Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

The Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

The Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

Filters

Asexual reproduction requires individual(s), whereas sexual reproduction requires individual(s).