Exam 13: How Populations Evolve

Female Preference Male Courtship Redness of Fish \# Score Behavior Male Throat (0-3) (\# per mimute) (0-10) 1 0 1.75 5.00 2 0 0.28 5.00 3 0 0.00 7.00 4 0 0.74 5.00 5 0 0.11 3.00 6 0 1.20 4.00 7 0 0.28 6.50 8 0 0.49 5.50 9 0 1.55 6.50 10 1 2.57 7.50 11 1 6.48 7.00 12 1 1.89 7.50 13 1 0.48 5.00 14 1 0.14 8.00 15 1 8.04 7.50 16 1 0.38 7.50 17 1 3.81 8.00 18 2 8.23 8.00 19 2 10.00 6.50 20 2 11.07 6.00 21 2 1.87 6.50 22 3 3.30 6.00 23 3 12.93 7.00 24 3 12.72 7.50 -The red throat found in reproductively mature males is likely the result of

Mothers and teachers often say they need another pair of eyes on the backs of their heads. And another pair of hands would come in handy in many situations. You can imagine that these traits would have been advantageous to our early hunter-gatherer ancestors as well. According to sound evolutionary reasoning, what is the most likely explanation for why humans do not have these traits?

Imagine that you are studying a very large population of moths that is isolated from gene flow. A single gene controls wing color. Half of the moths have white-spotted wings (genotype WW or Ww), and half of the moths have plain brown wings (ww). There are no new mutations, individuals mate randomly, and there is no natural selection on wing color. How will p, the frequency of the dominant allele, change over time?

Which of the following terms represents the frequency of heterozygotes in a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Darwin was the first person to draw an evolutionary tree, a diagram that represents

Which statement best describes the mode of selection depicted in the figure?

A population of 1,000 birds exists on a small Pacific island. Some of the birds are yellow, a characteristic determined by a recessive allele. The others are green, a characteristic determined by a dominant allele. A hurricane on the island kills most of the birds from this population. Only 10 remain, and those birds all have yellow feathers. Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following assumptions or observations is not part of Darwin's idea of natural selection?

If in one population of pupfish all of the individuals have a blood pigment that is extraordinarily effective at carrying oxygen, but this trait is not seen in any of the other populations, what likely happened?

Which of the following represents a pair of homologous structures?

Which of the following statements regarding the currently available fossil record is false?

The sickle-cell allele produces a serious blood disease in homozygotes. Why doesn't natural selection eliminate this allele from all human populations?

Which of the following statements regarding fins on fishes is true?

During the 1950s, a scientist named Lysenko tried to solve the food shortages in the Soviet Union by breeding wheat that could grow in Siberia. He theorized that if individual wheat plants were exposed to cold, they would develop additional cold tolerance and pass it to their offspring. Based on the ideas of artificial and natural selection, do you think this project worked as planned?

Genetic differences between populations tend to be reduced by

Brown-eye genes are dominant over blue-eye genes. What is the best explanation for the fact that all the blue-eye alleles have not disappeared in the human population?

Which of the following statements best describes the true nature of natural selection?

Microevolution, or evolution at its smallest scale, occurs when

Some of your DNA may not code for any protein and has no known function in gene regulation; it is sometimes referred to as noncoding DNA. How do nucleotide sequences of "noncoding DNA" evolve?

If you were just diagnosed with a serious bacterial disease, which of these would predict the most positive outcome for treatment? The disease was acquired in a