Exam 1: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

John Tyndall demonstrated that microorganisms present in the air are carried on dust particles.

Viruses are not generally studied by microbiologists because they are not classified as living organisms.

Catalytic proteins speed up the myriad of chemical reactions that occur in cells; these proteins are known as

Which of the following distinguish the field of microbiology from other fields of biology?

Who of the following developed a set of criteria that could be used to establish a causative link between a particular microorganism and a particular disease?

__________ was the first to isolate a root nodule bacterium capable of nitrogen fixation.

The concept that living organisms arise from nonliving material is called

Microbial __________ focuses on the nature of heredity and how it regulates the development and function of cells and organisms.

Some microorganisms are useful in bioremediation processes that reduce the effects of pollution.

The concept that human and animal diseases are caused by microorganisms is called the

__________ microbiologists monitor community food establishments and water supplies in order to control the spread of communicable diseases.

The earliest microbial fossils that have been found are dated from approximately 4.5 million years ago.

Robert Koch developed a vaccine that could be used to prevent anthrax.

Charles Chamberland developed porcelain filters that allowed other scientists to demonstrate that viruses are smaller than bacteria.

An Italian physician, __________, challenged the concept of spontaneous generation by demonstrating that maggots do not arise from decaying meat but rather from developing fly eggs.

Elie Metchnikoff discovered __________, which is a major feature of the host immune response.

Who of the following provided the evidence needed to discredit the concept of spontaneous generation?

The use of enrichment cultures and selective media was pioneered by

Invisible living creatures were thought to exist and cause disease long before they were ever observed.

The relationship between specific bacteria and specific diseases was first demonstrated by Koch.