Exam 1: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microbial __________ are scientists who investigate the synthesis of antibiotics and toxins, the production of energy with microorganisms, and the ways in which microorganisms survive harsh environmental conditions.

The first surgical antiseptic to be used was

RNA serves to convert the information stored in DNA to ________.

Definition of life includes all of the following except

The first disease to be identified as being caused by a virus was tobacco mosaic disease.

The endosymbiotic hypothesis is generally accepted as the origin of two eukaryotic organelles: mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Archaea are prokaryotes that have unique cell membrane __________.

The ribosomal RNA studies that led to the division of prokaryotic organisms into the Bacteria and the Archaea were begun by

Agar is used as a solidifying agent for microbiological media because it is not readily digested by most microorganisms.

__________ discovered that soil bacteria could oxidize iron, sulfur, and ammonia to obtain energy.

Who of the following was the first to observe and accurately describe microorganisms?

The branch of microbiology that studies the relationship between microorganisms and their habitats is called __________.

Cells with a relatively simple cell morphology that do not have a true membrane-delimited nucleus are called

All living organisms can be placed into one of three __________, which include the Bacteria, Archaea, and the Eukarya.

Who is credited with developing and documenting the first vaccination procedure against smallpox?

Although developed over 100 years ago, Koch's postulates continue to be used successfully in all known human infectious diseases.

Protists contain all of the following forms of life except

All eukaryotes have a membrane-delimited nucleus.

__________ and __________ microbiology investigates the spoilage of products for human consumption and the use of microorganisms in the production of cheese, yogurt, pickles, beer, and the like.

Studies by Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato demonstrated that inactivated toxins can induce the synthesis of antitoxins in the blood of rabbits. These antitoxins (antibodies) are the basis of