Question 1

If pure water and a solution containing a nonpenetrating solute are separated by a membrane that is permeable only to water, what would occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water will diffuse by osmosis until the water concentrations in the two compartments become equal. 
B)  Water will diffuse by osmosis until all of the water is on the same side as the solute. 
C)  Water will diffuse by osmosis toward the side with the solute, until stopped by opposing hydrostatic pressure. 
D)  No movement will occur between the compartments. 
E)  Water will diffuse by osmosis away from the side with the solute, until stopped by hydrostatic pressure. 
A)  Water will diffuse by osmosis until the water concentrations in the two compartments become equal. 
B)  Water will diffuse by osmosis until all of the water is on the same side as the solute. 
C)  Water will diffuse by osmosis toward the side with the solute, until stopped by opposing hydrostatic pressure. 
D)  No movement will occur between the compartments. 
E)  Water will diffuse by osmosis away from the side with the solute, until stopped by hydrostatic pressure. C

Question 2

If a normal cell is placed into an unknown solution and it shrinks, what can be concluded about the unknown solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is greater than that of a normal cell. 
B)  Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is less than that of a normal cell. 
C)  Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is equal to that of a normal cell. 
D)  Its penetrating solute concentration is less than that of a normal cell. 
E)  Its penetrating solute concentration is greater than that of a normal cell. 
A)  Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is greater than that of a normal cell. 
B)  Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is less than that of a normal cell. 
C)  Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is equal to that of a normal cell. 
D)  Its penetrating solute concentration is less than that of a normal cell. 
E)  Its penetrating solute concentration is greater than that of a normal cell. A

Question 3

Net movement of solute across an epithelium that is permeable to water is always accompanied by movement of water in the opposite direction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Which is true about mediated transport of substances across cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves a specific membrane protein that functions as a carrier molecule. 
B)  It always involves the movement of substances against a concentration gradient. 
C)  It is always directly coupled to the splitting of ATP molecules. 
D)  There is no limit to how fast it can occur as the concentration gradient becomes larger. 
E)  It is the main mechanism for transporting hydrophobic molecules across membranes. 
A)  It involves a specific membrane protein that functions as a carrier molecule. 
B)  It always involves the movement of substances against a concentration gradient. 
C)  It is always directly coupled to the splitting of ATP molecules. 
D)  There is no limit to how fast it can occur as the concentration gradient becomes larger. 
E)  It is the main mechanism for transporting hydrophobic molecules across membranes.

Question 5

Which of the following is a feature that distinguishes active transport from facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  saturation of transport rate 
B)  requirement for a carrier molecule 
C)  carrier molecules have specificity 
D)  presence of a transport maximum 
E)  requirement for metabolic energy 
A)  saturation of transport rate 
B)  requirement for a carrier molecule 
C)  carrier molecules have specificity 
D)  presence of a transport maximum 
E)  requirement for metabolic energy

Question 6

If all other conditions remain the same and the concentration of a nonpenetrating solute increases inside a cell, which is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water will tend to enter the cell because the interior has an increased osmolarity. 
B)  Water will tend to leave the cell because the interior has an increased osmolarity. 
C)  Water will tend to enter the cell because the interior has a decreased osmolarity. 
D)  Water will tend to leave the cell because the interior has a decreased osmolarity. 
E)  The solute will diffuse across the membrane until its concentration is equal on both sides of the membrane. 
A)  Water will tend to enter the cell because the interior has an increased osmolarity. 
B)  Water will tend to leave the cell because the interior has an increased osmolarity. 
C)  Water will tend to enter the cell because the interior has a decreased osmolarity. 
D)  Water will tend to leave the cell because the interior has a decreased osmolarity. 
E)  The solute will diffuse across the membrane until its concentration is equal on both sides of the membrane.

Question 7

What type of cellular transport involves the cytosolic protein clathrin?

Accepted Answer

A)  exocytosis 
B)  receptor-mediated endocytosis 
C)  primary active transport 
D)  secondary active transport 
E)  pinocytosis 
A)  exocytosis 
B)  receptor-mediated endocytosis 
C)  primary active transport 
D)  secondary active transport 
E)  pinocytosis

Question 8

Which of the following statements regarding the diffusion of a nonpolar solute X across a cell membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  At equilibrium the net flux of X across the cell membrane is zero. 
B)  At equilibrium, X will cease moving across the cell membrane. 
C)  Solute X will be unable to reach equilibrium because it is nonpolar. 
D)  Solute X will reach equilibrium, but the concentration will be much higher on the inside of the cell because of the smaller volume. 
E)  At equilibrium, movement of X across the membrane will be much faster in one direction than in the other. 
A)  At equilibrium the net flux of X across the cell membrane is zero. 
B)  At equilibrium, X will cease moving across the cell membrane. 
C)  Solute X will be unable to reach equilibrium because it is nonpolar. 
D)  Solute X will reach equilibrium, but the concentration will be much higher on the inside of the cell because of the smaller volume. 
E)  At equilibrium, movement of X across the membrane will be much faster in one direction than in the other.

Question 9

The Na+/K+-ATPase carrier transports sodium ions out of cells and potassium ions into cells on a one-to-one basis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Once formed inside of the cell, most endocytic vesicles will fuse with which organelle for sorting?

Accepted Answer

A)  endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  endosome 
D)  nucleus 
E)  mitochondria 
A)  endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  endosome 
D)  nucleus 
E)  mitochondria

Question 11

The greater the concentration difference of a substance between two volumes separated by a permeable membrane, the lesser the magnitude of the net flux of the substance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Adding one mole of NaCl to one liter of water will lower the water concentration twice as much as adding one mole of glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The plasma membranes of epithelial cells facing the lumen of hollow organs or tubes have the same transport proteins as the plasma membranes that face the interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Active transport, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis all directly require the expenditure of metabolic energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The component of the plasma membrane that acts as a selective barrier to diffusion of polar molecules is the integral proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Both primary and secondary active transport require the expenditure of metabolic energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following statements regarding the structure and function of cell membranes is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The phospholipid bilayer is arranged so that the hydrophilic heads of the phospholipid molecule face the extra- and intracellular fluids. 
B)  Some proteins integrated into the membrane serve as channels for the passage of nonpolar molecules through the membrane. 
C)  Peripheral membrane proteins function as channels associated with transport of ions through the membrane. 
D)  Cholesterol molecules function to transport ions from one side of the plasma membrane to the other. 
E)  The plasma membrane is a layer of phospholipid molecules with their hyrophilic head groups in contact with the extracellular solution and the hydrophobic tail groups in contact with the intracellular solution. 
A)  The phospholipid bilayer is arranged so that the hydrophilic heads of the phospholipid molecule face the extra- and intracellular fluids. 
B)  Some proteins integrated into the membrane serve as channels for the passage of nonpolar molecules through the membrane. 
C)  Peripheral membrane proteins function as channels associated with transport of ions through the membrane. 
D)  Cholesterol molecules function to transport ions from one side of the plasma membrane to the other. 
E)  The plasma membrane is a layer of phospholipid molecules with their hyrophilic head groups in contact with the extracellular solution and the hydrophobic tail groups in contact with the intracellular solution.

Question 18

Which of the following would decrease the net flux of a penetrating solute into a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the permeability constant for that solute 
B)  decreasing the temperature 
C)  increasing the concentration of the solute in the extracellular fluid 
D)  increasing the area of the cell membrane 
E)  decreasing the thickness of the membrane 
A)  increasing the permeability constant for that solute 
B)  decreasing the temperature 
C)  increasing the concentration of the solute in the extracellular fluid 
D)  increasing the area of the cell membrane 
E)  decreasing the thickness of the membrane

Question 19

Which of these is an example of a hypertonic solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  200 mM NaCl 
B)  300 mM glucose 
C)  100 mM MgCl2 
D)  400 mM urea 
E)  100 mM NaCl 
A)  200 mM NaCl 
B)  300 mM glucose 
C)  100 mM MgCl2 
D)  400 mM urea 
E)  100 mM NaCl

Question 20

Which is TRUE regarding diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  It depends upon the random motion of molecules. 
B)  It results in net movement of molecules from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration. 
C)  It is the principal mechanism by which molecules are moved over large distances in the body. 
D)  It requires energy in the form of ATP. 
E)  It requires integral membrane proteins to occur. 
A)  It depends upon the random motion of molecules. 
B)  It results in net movement of molecules from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration. 
C)  It is the principal mechanism by which molecules are moved over large distances in the body. 
D)  It requires energy in the form of ATP. 
E)  It requires integral membrane proteins to occur.

If pure water and a solution containing a nonpenetrating solute are separated by a membrane that is permeable only to water, what would occur?

If a normal cell is placed into an unknown solution and it shrinks, what can be concluded about the unknown solution?

Net movement of solute across an epithelium that is permeable to water is always accompanied by movement of water in the opposite direction.

Which is true about mediated transport of substances across cell membranes?

Which of the following is a feature that distinguishes active transport from facilitated diffusion?

If all other conditions remain the same and the concentration of a nonpenetrating solute increases inside a cell, which is most likely to occur?

What type of cellular transport involves the cytosolic protein clathrin?

Which of the following statements regarding the diffusion of a nonpolar solute X across a cell membrane is correct?

The Na+/K+-ATPase carrier transports sodium ions out of cells and potassium ions into cells on a one-to-one basis.

Once formed inside of the cell, most endocytic vesicles will fuse with which organelle for sorting?

The greater the concentration difference of a substance between two volumes separated by a permeable membrane, the lesser the magnitude of the net flux of the substance.

Adding one mole of NaCl to one liter of water will lower the water concentration twice as much as adding one mole of glucose.

The plasma membranes of epithelial cells facing the lumen of hollow organs or tubes have the same transport proteins as the plasma membranes that face the interstitial fluid.

Active transport, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis all directly require the expenditure of metabolic energy.

The component of the plasma membrane that acts as a selective barrier to diffusion of polar molecules is the integral proteins.

Both primary and secondary active transport require the expenditure of metabolic energy.

Which of the following statements regarding the structure and function of cell membranes is correct?

Which of the following would decrease the net flux of a penetrating solute into a cell?

Which of these is an example of a hypertonic solution?

Which is TRUE regarding diffusion?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

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Exam 4: Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

If pure water and a solution containing a nonpenetrating solute are separated by a membrane that is permeable only to water, what would occur?

If a normal cell is placed into an unknown solution and it shrinks, what can be concluded about the unknown solution?

Net movement of solute across an epithelium that is permeable to water is always accompanied by movement of water in the opposite direction.

Which is true about mediated transport of substances across cell membranes?

Which of the following is a feature that distinguishes active transport from facilitated diffusion?

If all other conditions remain the same and the concentration of a nonpenetrating solute increases inside a cell, which is most likely to occur?

What type of cellular transport involves the cytosolic protein clathrin?

Which of the following statements regarding the diffusion of a nonpolar solute X across a cell membrane is correct?

The Na+/K+-ATPase carrier transports sodium ions out of cells and potassium ions into cells on a one-to-one basis.

Once formed inside of the cell, most endocytic vesicles will fuse with which organelle for sorting?

The greater the concentration difference of a substance between two volumes separated by a permeable membrane, the lesser the magnitude of the net flux of the substance.

Adding one mole of NaCl to one liter of water will lower the water concentration twice as much as adding one mole of glucose.

The plasma membranes of epithelial cells facing the lumen of hollow organs or tubes have the same transport proteins as the plasma membranes that face the interstitial fluid.

Active transport, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis all directly require the expenditure of metabolic energy.

The component of the plasma membrane that acts as a selective barrier to diffusion of polar molecules is the integral proteins.

Both primary and secondary active transport require the expenditure of metabolic energy.

Which of the following statements regarding the structure and function of cell membranes is correct?

Which of the following would decrease the net flux of a penetrating solute into a cell?

Which of these is an example of a hypertonic solution?

Which is TRUE regarding diffusion?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters