Question 1

Carbohydrates are stored in the liver and muscles in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)  cellulose. 
B)  starch. 
C)  triacylglycerol. 
D)  glycogen. 
E)  protein. 
A)  cellulose. 
B)  starch. 
C)  triacylglycerol. 
D)  glycogen. 
E)  protein. D

Question 2

Glycoproteins are protein molecules with molecules of glycogen attached to the amino acid side chains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Triacylglycerol is one subclass of lipid molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Carbohydrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  have carbon and oxygen atoms in equal proportions. 
B)  are the major organic molecules of the body by mass. 
C)  are nonpolar molecules. 
D)  are defined by the inclusion of nitrogen in their structure. 
E)  are composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. 
A)  have carbon and oxygen atoms in equal proportions. 
B)  are the major organic molecules of the body by mass. 
C)  are nonpolar molecules. 
D)  are defined by the inclusion of nitrogen in their structure. 
E)  are composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Question 5

Most of the body weight of an average young adult male is what substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water 
B)  Protein 
C)  Minerals 
D)  Lipids 
E)  Carbohydrates 
A)  Water 
B)  Protein 
C)  Minerals 
D)  Lipids 
E)  Carbohydrates

Question 6

Ions are

Accepted Answer

A)  electrically neutral. 
B)  electrically charged. 
C)  formed by the gain or loss of protons from the nucleus. 
D)  insoluble in water. 
E)  nonpolar atoms. 
A)  electrically neutral. 
B)  electrically charged. 
C)  formed by the gain or loss of protons from the nucleus. 
D)  insoluble in water. 
E)  nonpolar atoms.

Question 7

The shape of a molecule may change as atoms rotate about their covalent bonds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which best describes a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Molecules are broken down into smaller ones by breaking covalent bonds within water molecules and transferring hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups to the smaller ones. 
B)  Electrically charged molecules separate into ions when they dissolve in water, and then hydrogen ions and hydroxyl groups covalently attach themselves to the oppositely charged ions. 
C)  Large molecules are assembled from smaller ones by breaking water into hydrogen and hydroxyl ions. 
D)  Dissolving a large molecule in water reduces it to its individual atoms. 
E)  The breaking of hydrogen bonds between any two molecules. 
A)  Molecules are broken down into smaller ones by breaking covalent bonds within water molecules and transferring hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups to the smaller ones. 
B)  Electrically charged molecules separate into ions when they dissolve in water, and then hydrogen ions and hydroxyl groups covalently attach themselves to the oppositely charged ions. 
C)  Large molecules are assembled from smaller ones by breaking water into hydrogen and hydroxyl ions. 
D)  Dissolving a large molecule in water reduces it to its individual atoms. 
E)  The breaking of hydrogen bonds between any two molecules.

Question 9

A protein may consist of more than one polypeptide chain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A solution with a pH of 8 is more acidic than one with a pH of 3.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In a molecule of water, an oxygen atom forms a double bond with each of two hydrogen atoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Substitution of one amino acid for a different one in a given protein always significantly alters the conformation of that protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which is a correct description of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are polymers of subunits containing glucose an an amino acids. 
B)  They are polymers of subunits containing glucose, a phosphate group, and an amino acid. 
C)  They are polymers of subunits containing a phosphate group, a sugar, and a purine or pyrimidine base. 
D)  They are polymers of subunits containing a phosphate group, a sugar, and an amino acid. 
E)  They are long polymers of amino acids, folded into an alpha helix. 
A)  They are polymers of subunits containing glucose an an amino acids. 
B)  They are polymers of subunits containing glucose, a phosphate group, and an amino acid. 
C)  They are polymers of subunits containing a phosphate group, a sugar, and a purine or pyrimidine base. 
D)  They are polymers of subunits containing a phosphate group, a sugar, and an amino acid. 
E)  They are long polymers of amino acids, folded into an alpha helix.

Question 14

Water molecules can form covalent bonds with other water molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Carbon-12 and carbon-14 are isotopes. How are they different from each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  different numbers of protons 
B)  different numbers of neutrons 
C)  different numbers of electrons 
D)  they can form different numbers of chemical bonds 
E)  different number of energy shells 
A)  different numbers of protons 
B)  different numbers of neutrons 
C)  different numbers of electrons 
D)  they can form different numbers of chemical bonds 
E)  different number of energy shells

Question 16

Trace elements such as zinc and manganese are found in minute quantities in the body but do not serve any known function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Oil spilled into the ocean does not easily disperse, but rather clumps into an oil slick. Which of the following explains why this occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oil is composed mainly of hydrophilic molecules. 
B)  Oil is composed mainly of nonpolar molecules. 
C)  Oil has no hydrogen in its molecular structure, so it can't form hydrogen bonds with water. 
D)  Water is hydrophobic. 
E)  Electrons are shared unequally between carbon and hydrogen atoms. 
A)  Oil is composed mainly of hydrophilic molecules. 
B)  Oil is composed mainly of nonpolar molecules. 
C)  Oil has no hydrogen in its molecular structure, so it can't form hydrogen bonds with water. 
D)  Water is hydrophobic. 
E)  Electrons are shared unequally between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Question 18

Which correctly describes the structure of an atom?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are always the same number of protons and neutrons. 
B)  There are always the same number of protons and electrons. 
C)  There are always the same number of neutrons and electrons. 
D)  The number of protons, neutrons, and electrons is always the same 
E)  There are never the same number of neutrons and protons. 
A)  There are always the same number of protons and neutrons. 
B)  There are always the same number of protons and electrons. 
C)  There are always the same number of neutrons and electrons. 
D)  The number of protons, neutrons, and electrons is always the same 
E)  There are never the same number of neutrons and protons.

Question 19

Molecules with both polar and nonpolar regions are called ambidextrous.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

During hydrolysis, hydrogen ions and hydroxyl groups are formed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Carbohydrates are stored in the liver and muscles in the form of

Glycoproteins are protein molecules with molecules of glycogen attached to the amino acid side chains.

Triacylglycerol is one subclass of lipid molecules.

Carbohydrates:

Most of the body weight of an average young adult male is what substance?

Ions are

The shape of a molecule may change as atoms rotate about their covalent bonds.

Which best describes a hydrolysis reaction?

A protein may consist of more than one polypeptide chain.

A solution with a pH of 8 is more acidic than one with a pH of 3.

In a molecule of water, an oxygen atom forms a double bond with each of two hydrogen atoms.

Substitution of one amino acid for a different one in a given protein always significantly alters the conformation of that protein.

Which is a correct description of nucleic acids?

Water molecules can form covalent bonds with other water molecules.

Carbon-12 and carbon-14 are isotopes. How are they different from each other?

Trace elements such as zinc and manganese are found in minute quantities in the body but do not serve any known function.

Oil spilled into the ocean does not easily disperse, but rather clumps into an oil slick. Which of the following explains why this occurs?

Which correctly describes the structure of an atom?

Molecules with both polar and nonpolar regions are called ambidextrous.

During hydrolysis, hydrogen ions and hydroxyl groups are formed.

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

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Exam 2: Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Carbohydrates are stored in the liver and muscles in the form of

Glycoproteins are protein molecules with molecules of glycogen attached to the amino acid side chains.

Triacylglycerol is one subclass of lipid molecules.

Carbohydrates:

Most of the body weight of an average young adult male is what substance?

Ions are

The shape of a molecule may change as atoms rotate about their covalent bonds.

Which best describes a hydrolysis reaction?

A protein may consist of more than one polypeptide chain.

A solution with a pH of 8 is more acidic than one with a pH of 3.

In a molecule of water, an oxygen atom forms a double bond with each of two hydrogen atoms.

Substitution of one amino acid for a different one in a given protein always significantly alters the conformation of that protein.

Which is a correct description of nucleic acids?

Water molecules can form covalent bonds with other water molecules.

Carbon-12 and carbon-14 are isotopes. How are they different from each other?

Trace elements such as zinc and manganese are found in minute quantities in the body but do not serve any known function.

Oil spilled into the ocean does not easily disperse, but rather clumps into an oil slick. Which of the following explains why this occurs?

Which correctly describes the structure of an atom?

Molecules with both polar and nonpolar regions are called ambidextrous.

During hydrolysis, hydrogen ions and hydroxyl groups are formed.

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters